1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 16552:2014Heavy commercial vehicles andbuses Stopping distance instraight-line braking with ABS Open loop and closed looptest methodsBS ISO 16552:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16552:2014.The UK participatio
2、n in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AUE/15, Safety related to vehicles.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible f
3、or its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 73563 9ICS 43.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy a
4、nd Strategy Committee on 31 July 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 16552:2014 ISO 2014Heavy commercial vehicles and buses Stopping distance in straight-line braking with ABS Open loop and closed loop test methodsVhicules utilitaires lourds Distance darrt de freinage en
5、 ligne droite avec ABS Mthodes dessai en boucle ouverte et boucle fermeINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16552First edition2014-07-15Reference numberISO 16552:2014(E)BS ISO 16552:2014ISO 16552:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise spe
6、cified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or
7、ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 16552:2014ISO 16552:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIn
8、troduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 25 Variables . 25.1 Reference system 25.2 Variables to be measured . 36 Measuring equipment . 37 Test conditions . 47.1 General . 47.2 Test track 47.3 Ambient conditions . 47.4 Test vehicle . 48 Test method . 58.1
9、General . 58.2 Performance of the braking procedure 59 Data evaluation and presentation of results . 69.1 General . 69.2 Stopping distance . 79.3 Deceleration at full braking (optional). 79.4 Braking distance (optional) . 89.5 Build-up distance (optional) . 89.6 Lateral deviation, Y1(optional, for o
10、pen-loop tests) 89.7 Yaw angle deviation, (optional, for open-loop tests) 89.8 Steering-wheel angle, H(optional, for closed-loop test) 9Annex A (normative) Test report General data and test conditions10Annex B (informative) Test report Results 11Annex C (informative) Brake burnishing and calibration
11、s 14Annex D (informative) Principle graphs 15BS ISO 16552:2014ISO 16552:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS
12、O technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates c
13、losely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteri
14、a needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of p
15、atent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name u
16、sed in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical B
17、arriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 9, Vehicle dynamics and road-holding ability.iv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 16552:2014ISO 16552:2014(E)IntroductionThe mai
18、n purpose of this International Standard is to provide repeatable and discriminatory test results.The stopping distance and the dynamic behaviour of a road vehicle is a most important aspect of active vehicle safety. Any given vehicle, together with its driver and the prevailing environment, constit
19、utes a closed-loop system which is unique. The task of evaluating the dynamic behaviour is therefore very difficult, since the significant interaction of these driver-vehicle-road elements are each complex in themselves. A complete and accurate description of the behaviour of the road vehicle shall
20、inevitably involve information obtained from a number of different tests.Since this test method quantifies only one small part of the complete handling characteristics, the results of this test can only be considered significant for a correspondingly small part of the overall dynamic behaviour.Moreo
21、ver, insufficient knowledge is available to correlate overall vehicle dynamic properties with accident prevention. A substantial amount of work is necessary to acquire sufficient and reliable data on the correlation between accident prevention and vehicle dynamic properties in general and the result
22、s of this test in particular. Consequently, any application of this test method for regulation purposes will require proven correlation between test results and accident statistics.Test conditions and tyres have a strong influence on test results. Therefore, only results obtained under comparable te
23、st and tyre conditions are comparable. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 16552:2014BS ISO 16552:2014Heavy commercial vehicles and buses Stopping distance in straight-line braking with ABS Open loop and closed loop test methods1 ScopeThis International Standard describes test methods for determini
24、ng the stopping distance during a straight-line braking manoeuvre with the braking system fully operational. It applies to heavy vehicles equipped with an anti-lock braking system (ABS), including commercial vehicles, commercial vehicle combinations, buses and articulated buses as defined in ISO 383
25、3 (trucks and trailers with maximum weight above 3,5 tonnes and buses and articulated buses with maximum weight above 5 tonnes, according to ECE and EC vehicle classification, categories M3, N2, N3, O3, and O4).2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively refer
26、enced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3833, Road vehicles Types Terms and definitionsISO 8349, Road vehicles
27、Measurement of road surface frictionISO 8855, Road vehicles Vehicle dynamics and road-holding ability VocabularyISO 15037-2:2002, Road vehicles Vehicle dynamics test methods Part 2: General conditions for heavy commercial vehicles and buses3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, th
28、e terms and definitions given in ISO 8855, ISO 15037-2:2002 and the following apply.3.1actuation timetime interval from the first pedal contact until the speed of the vehicle is reduced 20 % from its initial value3.2stopping distancedistance travelled by the vehicle from the first pedal contact unti
29、l it comes to a standstill3.3build-up distancedistance travelled by the vehicle during the actuation time3.4braking distancedistance travelled by the vehicle during the time between two specified velocitiesINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16552:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16552:2014ISO 16
30、552:2014(E)4 PrincipleThis International Standard specifies a method to determine the stopping distance and other braking distances during full braking at certain nominal initial velocities. The driving situation represents an emergency or panic brake application during straight-ahead driving on an
31、even road surface with a uniform coefficient of friction.The evaluation range is ideally from the actuation of the brakes to standstill of the vehicle. As it might be difficult to measure accurately at low velocities, the evaluation range may be ended at a certain low velocity. From the initial velo
32、city and the velocity at the end of the evaluation range, and the distance between these two velocities, the mean longitudinal deceleration is determined.avvsxx=02222(1)whereaxis the calculated deceleration;v0is the initial velocity;v2is the velocity at the end of the evaluation range;sxis the measu
33、red distance between v0and v2.The stopping distance from the nominal initial velocity is calculated fromsvarefnom=22x(2)wheresrefis the stopping distance for a single test run referenced to the nominal velocity;vnomis the nominal initial velocity for the test series.Test results can only be compared
34、 if measurements took place under identical conditions, on the same test surface and under very similar ambient conditions. Therefore, comparison of results should only be made for tests done on a given surface within a short time period. Apart from the technical equipment and especially the braking
35、 characteristics of the vehicle, the distance travelled after the first pedal contact very strongly depends on the specific character of brake-pedal actuation. To minimize this influence, this International Standard specifies rules for brake pedal actuation.For vehicle combinations, test results dep
36、end on the performance of each vehicle unit. Therefore, the performance of first vehicle units can only be compared when the following units are identical in the vehicle combination. When measuring the performance of vehicle combinations, weight transfer between the units has significant influence o
37、n the results. Furthermore, electronic braking systems can include settings for the compatibility between the vehicle units, which can also influence the results.5 Variables5.1 Reference systemThe reference system specified in ISO 15037-2 shall apply.2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 16552:2014IS
38、O 16552:2014(E)5.2 Variables to be measuredThe variables of motion used to describe the behaviour of the vehicle shall be related to the intermediate axis system (X, Y, Z) of the first vehicle unit (see ISO 8855). The variables that shall be determined for compliance with this International Standard
39、 are the following: longitudinal velocity, vx; time of brake pedal actuation (t0); longitudinal distance (s); brake pedal position (sB) or actuation force (FP).It is recommended that the following variables also be determined: longitudinal acceleration, ax; lateral deviation, Y1, of the reference po
40、int of the first vehicle unit from the axis X of the initial straight-ahead vehicle velocity, v0; steering-wheel angle, H; yaw angle, ; brake temperature for each axle.6 Measuring equipmentThe measuring equipment, transducer installation, and data processing shall be in accordance with ISO 15037-2:2
41、002.Typical operating ranges of the variables to be determined for this International Standard are shown in Table 1 and in ISO 15037-2:2002. It shall be ensured that changes in vehicle pitch angle during braking do not affect the measurement of the velocity and distance variables.To monitor the runn
42、ing in of tyres and burnishing of brakes, and to monitor test conditions, brake temperature sensors and a device for measuring and displaying vehicle deceleration are required.Table 1 Variables, typical operating ranges and recommended maximum errors of variables not listed in ISO 15037-2Variable Ty
43、pical operating rangeRecommended maximum errors of the combined trans-ducer and recorder systemLongitudinal velocity 0 km/h to 100 km/h 0,5 km/hLongitudinal distance 0 m to 100 m 0,05 mLateral deviation 0 m to 5 m 0,05 mBrake pedal position, if rotational 0 to 45 0,5Brake pedal position, if translat
44、ional 0 mm to 100 mm 1 mmBrake pedal actuation force 0 N to 1000 N 10 NYaw angle 20 1NOTE The accuracy of the measured longitudinal distance depends not only on the resolution of the recorded signals, but also on the on the sampling frequency. For instance, at 90 km/h, a sampling rate of 100 Hz give
45、s 0,25 m travelled distance per sample. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16552:2014ISO 16552:2014(E)7 Test conditions7.1 GeneralThe test conditions described in ISO 15037-2:2002, along with the following additions, shall apply to this International Standard. General data of the test vehicle shal
46、l be recorded as specified in Annex A.7.2 Test trackAll tests shall be carried out on an even road surface with a uniform coefficient of friction. The gradient of the test surface shall not exceed 0,5 % longitudinal inclination when measured over any distance interval greater than or equal to the ve
47、hicle track. The friction coefficient shall not vary more than 5 % over the length of the test surface. The friction coefficient should be measured according to ISO 8349.7.3 Ambient conditionsFor performing the tests on dry road surfaces, the ambient temperature and the temperature of the test surfa
48、ce should be between +5 C and +40 C, and their variation shall not exceed 10 C.Tests performed on other than dry road surfaces and special tests for the comparison of specific components, such as tyres, can require much smaller temperature ranges in order to be comparable. When performing tests on w
49、inter surfaces, other ambient parameters such as intensity and duration of sunshine can influence the test results.7.4 Test vehicle7.4.1 General vehicle conditionsThe reference condition of the test vehicle is in accordance with the vehicle manufacturers specifications, particularly with respect to the brake system, the suspension, power train configuration (e.g. differentials and locks), and tyres used, and shall be in accordance with ISO 15037-2:2002. Deviations from this reference condi
