1、BS ISO 16706:2016Ships and marine technology Marine evacuation systems Load calculations andtestingBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 16706:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16706:2016.The
2、UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee SME/32, Ships and marine technology - Steeringcommittee.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of
3、 a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 75506 4ICS 47.020.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under th
4、e authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 16706:2016 ISO 2016Ships and marine technology Marine evacuation systems Load calculations and testingNavires et technologie maritime Systmes dva
5、cuation en mer Calculs de charge et essaisINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16706First edition2016-07-15Reference numberISO 16706:2016(E)BS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specif
6、ied, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO
7、s member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms an
8、d definitions . 14 Load calculations . 24.1 Load calculation . 24.2 Additional loads . 24.3 Load distribution 25 Load testing 25.1 Static load testing 25.2 Load test acceptance criteria 2Annex A (normative) Calculation method of maximum load 3Bibliography 7 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents P
9、ageBS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body i
10、nterested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechn
11、ical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO do
12、cuments should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held respons
13、ible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given fo
14、r the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade
15、(TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 1, Lifesaving and fire protection.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E)IntroductionThe International Convention
16、 for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974 requires all life-saving appliances and arrangements to comply with the requirements of the LSA Code and to be tested in accordance with the recommendations of the IMO. The revised recommendation on testing of life-saving appliances, as adopted by IMO Res
17、olution MSC.81(70), prescribes in paragraph 12.2.2 and 12.3.2.2 the execution of a static load test to the structural attachment to the ship of a marine evacuation system. However, this resolution does not refer to any specific calculation method for this test. This document is intended to provide s
18、pecifications for an appropriate calculation method for this test in order to facilitate consistent implementation by maritime administrations when approving marine evacuation systems. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 16706:2016BS ISO 16706:2016Ships and marine technology Marine evacuation syste
19、ms Load calculations and testing1 ScopeThis document specifies a calculation method for the application of a static load test to the structural attachment of marine evacuation systems to ships.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of
20、 their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.International Maritime Organization, The International Convention for the Safety of
21、 Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amendedInternational Maritime Organization, The International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code, as adopted by IMO Resolution MSC 48(66) as amendedInternational Maritime Organization, The Revised recommendation on testing of life-saving appliances, as adopted by IMO Res
22、olution MSC.81(70) as amendedInternational Maritime Organization, International Code on Intact Stability, 2008 (2008 IS Code), as adopted by IMO Resolution MSC.267(85) as amended3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.ISO and IEC maintain t
23、erminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp3.1marine evacuation systemMESappliance for the rapid transfer of persons from the embarkation dec
24、k of a ship to a floating platform (3.3) or survival craft by means of a passage (3.2)3.2passageintegral component of a marine evacuation system (3.1) to provide safe descent of persons from the embarkation station to the floating platform (3.3) or survival craftNote 1 to entry: The passage can be a
25、n inflatable or rigid slide, a vertical passage or any other arrangement providing the same function.3.3floating platforminflatable structure which may be fitted to the bottom of the passage (3.2) to hold evacuees awaiting entry to survival craftINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16706:2016(E) ISO 2016 All
26、rights reserved 1BS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E)3.4stowage containerarrangement providing means for stowing a marine evacuation system (3.1) and so constructed as to withstand heavy conditions encountered at sea3.5structural attachmentattachment of a marine evacuation system (3.1) to the ship str
27、ucture designed to withstand loads calculated in accordance with this documentNote 1 to entry: Such attachments may include blocks, falls, pad eyes, links, fastenings and all other fittings used for restraining the floating platform (3.3), if fitted, and survival craft(s) to the ships side during ev
28、acuation.4 Load calculations4.1 Load calculationThe load imposed by the maximum number and size of fully loaded liferafts for which the system is designed, attached to the loaded floating platform, if fitted, with the ship moving through the water at 3 kn against a head wind of force 10 on the Beauf
29、ort scale shall be calculated in accordance with the method in Annex A.4.2 Additional loadsWhere significant gravitational and moment loads of the passage, floating platform, if fitted, or survival craft(s) are imposed to the structural attachments in the fully deployed condition of the marine evacu
30、ation system, these loads shall be added when performing the static load tests required.4.3 Load distributionWhere the loads calculated in 4.1 and 4.2 are shared by more than one structural attachment, the calculated load for load testing of individual structural attachments may be reduced, taking i
31、nto consideration the distribution of loads in the scenario described in 4.1.5 Load testing5.1 Static load testingAll structural attachments of the MES shall be subjected to a static load of 2,2 times the maximum load calculated in accordance with Clause 4. The load shall be applied to the structura
32、l attachments for a period of no less than 30 min and in the same direction as the load is applied during service. The structural attachments may be tested with or without the MES in place.5.2 Load test acceptance criteriaOn completion of this test, there shall be no evidence of significant deformat
33、ion, signs of any fracture, stranding to its connections or any other damage as a result of this factory test.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E)Annex A (normative) Calculation method of maximum loadA.1 Maximum calculated load formulaF = FW+ R (A.1)whereF is the maximum
34、calculated load (N);FWis the sum of wind forces on the slide or passage, floating platform and fully loaded liferafts with the maximum specification or quantity at a wind of force 10 on the Beaufort scale (N);R is the drag on the floating platform and fully loaded liferafts with the maximum specific
35、ation or quantity when they are dragged in water at a speed of 3 kn (N).A.2 Calculation of wind forceA.2.1 GeneralThe sum of wind forces, FW, shall be calculated as the wind pressure, P, multiplied by the sum of exposed areas, A, of the marine evacuation system in the fully deployed condition.FW= P
36、A (A.2)whereP is the wind pressure;A is the exposed area.A.2.2 Wind pressureAs specified in the 2008 IS Code, the unit calculated wind pressure shall be taken as 504 N/m2as equivalent to the maximum wind speed of 28,4 m/s for a wind force of 10 on the Beaufort scale.For the floating platform, if fit
37、ted, and survival craft(s) alternatively, the values of wind pressure may be taken from Table A.1:Table A.1 Alternative wind pressures6 h (m) 7 1 8 2 9 3 10 4 11 5 12 6 and over13 P (N/m2) 14 316 15 386 16 429 17 460 18 485 19 504whereh is the vertical distance from the centre of the projected verti
38、cal area of the floating platform and/or survival craft(s) above the waterline, to the waterline;P is the wind pressure associated with the height, h. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E)A.2.3 Calculation of wind areaAA AAAA=+()()()()()12345 (A.3)whereA is the sum of the
39、above wind areas (m2);A1 is the projected slide or passage area (aft) (m2);A2 is the projected area of the part of a floating platform above water (aft) (m2);A3 is the projected area of the part of a fully loaded liferaft above water (aft) (m2);A4 is the projected area of the part of the second full
40、y loaded liferaft above water(m2);A5 is the projected area of the part of the third fully loaded liferaft above water(m2); is the drag coefficient of the projected slide or passage area; is the drag coefficient of the projected area of the part of a floating platform above water; is the drag coeffic
41、ient of the projected area of the part of a full-load liferaft above water.NOTE , , are generally taken as 0,8 to 1,0, dependent on different products.A.3 Calculation of dragA.3.1 GeneralThe total drag, R, shall be calculated as follows:R = Rp+ Rf(A.4)whereRpis the pressure drag;Rfis the friction dr
42、ag.A.3.2 Drag composition modelBased on the estimation formula of cylinder drag coefficient proposed by Kirkman,1the drag on a round section liferaft with draught, T, and diameter, d, under the impact of flow at 90 angle of attack is analysed as follows.a) The drag mainly consists of pressure drag,
43、Rp, which accounts for the majority, and friction drag, Rf.b) The part of a fully loaded liferaft below water is simplified as the model in Figure A.1.4 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E)TdKeyd maximum diameter of a floating platform or liferaftT draught of a fully loaded
44、 liferaftFigure A.1 Composition of drag simplified modelA.3.3 Reynolds numberReynolds number, Rn, shall be calculated as:Rnvd=(A.5)wherev is the relative flow velocity of 3 kn equal to 1,543 m/s; is the dynamic viscosity equal to 1,189 2 106m2/s at 15 C;2Rn dd= 1 5431 18921013106261,/,m/smsm .A.3.4
45、Pressure dragPressure drag, Rp, shall be calculated as:RACvpp= 122 (A.6)whereA is the projected area, i.e. A = T d;T is the draught of a fully loaded liferaft; is the density of the seawater equal to 1,03 103kg/m3;Cpis the pressure drag coefficient equal to 0,60.For values of d within the range of l
46、iferaft dimensions, Reynolds number 5 105, for which the pressure drag coefficient, Cp, may be estimated as Cp= 0,60 according to the Kirkman1estimation. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E)A.3.5 Friction dragFriction drag, Rf, may be calculated as:RSCvff= 122 (A.7)whereS
47、is the wetted surface, i.e. STdd=+ pipi2025, ;Cfis the friction drag coefficient.According to the Kirkman1estimation formula, when Rn 5 105, then the friction drag coefficient, Cf, may be calculated as follows:CRnRnf=()1346561700102,log ,(A.8)whereRn is Reynolds number as calculated in A.3.3.6 ISO 2
48、016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E)Bibliography1 Kirkman K.L., & Kltzli J.W. Scaling Problems of Model Appendages. In: Proceedings of the 19th General Meeting of the American Tank Towing Conference 1980. Volume I. Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Inc. 19812 ITTC Recommended Proced
49、ures No. 7.5-02-01-03, Fresh Water and Seawater Properties, Revision 02. 2011 ISO 2016 All rights reserved 7BS ISO 16706:2016ISO 16706:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reservedICS 47.020.01Price based on 7 pagesThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services.BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter. British Standards and other
