1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 16900-3:2012Respiratory protective devices Methods of test and testequipmentPart 3: Determination of particle filterpenetrationBS ISO 16900-3:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational
2、 forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16900-3:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PH/4, Respiratory protection.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does
3、not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 54034 9ICS 13.340.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obl
4、igations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 16900-3:2012 ISO 2012Respiratory protective devices Methods of test and test equipment Part 3: Determination of
5、particle filter penetrationAppareils de protection respiratoire Mthodes dessai et quipement dessai Partie 3: Dtermination de la pntration dun filtre particulesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16900-3First edition2012-11-01Reference numberISO 16900-3:2012(E)BS ISO 16900-3:2012ISO 16900-3:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 A
6、ll rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO
7、 at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 16900-3:2012ISO 16900-3:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved
8、iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Prerequisites 15 General test requirements . 16 Principle 17 Apparatus . 27.1 General . 27.2 Aerosol generator . 37.3 Flow control module 47.4 Filter test chamber 47.5 Aerosol detector . 48 Metho
9、ds . 58.1 General . 58.2 Short-term particle penetration test 58.3 Full exposure particle penetration test 68.4 Storage after exposure test . 78.5 Calculation of percent penetration 79 Test report . 710 Uncertainty of measurement . 7Annex A (normative) Application of uncertainty of measurement 8Bibl
10、iography .10BS ISO 16900-3:2012ISO 16900-3:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each
11、member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
12、 Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards ad
13、opted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of pat
14、ent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 16900-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94, Personal safety Protective clothing and equipment, Subcommittee SC 15, Respiratory protective devices.ISO 16900 consists of the following parts, unde
15、r the general title Respiratory protective devices Methods of test and test equipment: Part 1: Determination of inward leakage Part 2: Determination of breathing resistance Part 3: Determination of particle filter penetration Part 4: Determination of gas filter capacity and migration, desorption and
16、 carbon monoxide dynamic testing Part 11: Determination of field of visionThe following parts are under preparation: Part 5: Breathing machine/metabolic simulator/RPD headforms/torso, tools and transfer standards Part 8: Measurement of RPD air flow rates Part 10: Resistance to ignition, flame, radia
17、nt heat and heat Part 12: Determination of volume averaged work of breathing and peak respiratory pressuresiv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 16900-3:2012ISO 16900-3:2012(E)IntroductionThis part of ISO 16900 is intended as a supplement to the respiratory protective devices (RPD) performance stand
18、ard ISO 17420 (all parts). Test methods are specified for complete devices or parts of devices that are intended to comply with ISO 17420. If deviations from the test method given in this part of ISO 16900 are necessary, these deviations will be specified in ISO 17420. ISO 2012 All rights reserved v
19、BS ISO 16900-3:2012BS ISO 16900-3:2012Respiratory protective devices Methods of test and test equipment Part 3: Determination of particle filter penetration1 ScopeThis part of ISO 16900 specifies the test methods for particle filter penetration of separate or integral filters for respiratory protect
20、ive devices.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (includin
21、g any amendments) applies.ISO 16972, Respiratory protective devices Terms, definitions, graphical symbols and units of measurementISO 21748, Guidance for the use of repeatability, reproducibility and trueness estimates in measurement uncertainty estimation3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of t
22、his document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16972 apply.4 PrerequisitesThe performance standard shall indicate the conditions of the test. This includes the following:a) number of specimens;b) sequence of preconditioning;c) challenge aerosol flow rate(s) through the filter under test.5 Gene
23、ral test requirementsUnless otherwise specified, the values stated in this part of ISO 16900 are expressed as nominal values. Except for temperature limits, values which are not stated as maxima or minima shall be subject to a tolerance of 5 %. Unless otherwise specified, the ambient temperature for
24、 testing shall be between 16C and 32C and (50 30) % relative humidity. Any temperature limits specified shall be subject to an accuracy of 1 C.6 PrincipleA challenge aerosol of known characteristics is generated and passed through the filter under test. The concentration of aerosol downstream of the
25、 filter divided by the aerosol concentration upstream of the filter as measured on the same type of detector, multiplied by a factor of 100, is the percentage penetration of the filter under test.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16900-3:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16900-3:2012ISO 16900-3:
26、2012(E)The two reference aerosols are sodium chloride and paraffin oil. The sodium chloride is a solid aerosol and the paraffin oil is a liquid aerosol.7 Apparatus7.1 GeneralThe test apparatus consists of four modules:a) aerosol generator;b) flow control;c) filter test chamber;d) aerosol detector.A
27、schematic drawing of an example for a test apparatus is shown in Figure 1.Key1 aerosol generator2 compressed air supply3 flow control module4 air bleed (test flows less than the output of the generator)5 make-up air (test flows greater than the output of the generator)6 filter test chamber7 filter u
28、nder test8 two-way sample selection valve9 second aerosol detection photometer (optional)10 aerosol detection photometer11 flow meter12 suction pumpFigure 1 Schematic example of test apparatus2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 16900-3:2012ISO 16900-3:2012(E)7.2 Aerosol generator7.2.1 GeneralSodium
29、 chloride (NaCl) aerosol shall be neutralized by the injection of both positive and negative ions into the drying or dilution air flow so that the charge distribution is brought to the state of equilibrium, commonly known as the Boltzmann distribution. Paraffin aerosol shall not be neutralized since
30、 this increases variability in the test results.NOTE The ions should be generated by electrical means and adjusted so that there is no overall charge bias on the aerosol.7.2.2 Sodium chloride test method7.2.2.1 The test aerosol is generated by atomising by compressed air a solution of sodium chlorid
31、e in demineralized water. The atomized solution is mixed with dry air to cause the water to evaporate. The resultant aerosol shall have the following properties:a) the number median of particle size distribution is between 0,06 m and 0,10 m electromobility diameter, with a geometric standard deviati
32、on between 1,4 and 1,8;b) the aerosol concentration is within the range 8 mg/m3to 35 mg/m3;c) the variation of the concentration is not greater than 10 % during the test;d) the relative humidity is 40 % or less at (22 3) C.The aerosol mass concentration, particle size distribution and humidity shall
33、 be measured within the filter test chamber.NOTE It is recommended that an electrical mobility method be used to determine the particle size distribution. Additional information on electrical mobility measurements may be found in ISO 15900. 7.2.2.2 The NaCl solution shall be completely replaced and
34、not replenished in order to maintain the correct solution concentration.7.2.3 Paraffin oil test method7.2.3.1 The test aerosol is generated by atomising by compressed air the liquid paraffin oil. The paraffin oil characteristics at 20 C shall be:a) CAS number: 8012-95-1;b) density: 0,818 g/cm3to 0,8
35、75 g/cm3;c) dynamic viscosity: 0,025 Pas to 0,080 Pas; kinematic viscosity: 35 mm2/s (at 40 C: 13,5 mm2/s to 16,5 mm2/s).7.2.3.2 Laboratories shall consider the following:a) paraffin oil in the test rig shall be replaced with fresh oil every three months irrespective of use, or more frequently if ex
36、posed continuously to heating and compressed air;b) where the generator requires the oil to be heated, it is recommended not to heat the oil above 60 C.7.2.3.3 The paraffin aerosol shall have the following properties: ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16900-3:2012ISO 16900-3:2012(E)a) the number
37、median of particle size distribution is between 0,16 m and 0,21 m electromobility diameter, with a geometric standard deviation between 1,4 and 1,8;b) the aerosol concentration is within the range 15 mg/m3to 35 mg/m3;c) the variation of the concentration is not greater than 10 % during the test.The
38、aerosol mass concentration and particle size distribution shall be measured within the filter test chamber.NOTE It is recommended that an electrical mobility method be used to determine the particle size distribution.Additional information on electrical mobility measurements may be found in ISO 1590
39、0.7.3 Flow control moduleThe flow control module is used to bleed off excess aerosol where the required test flow is less than the output of the aerosol generator.Where the performance standard calls for a flow in excess of the output of the aerosol generator, extra air shall be mixed with the outpu
40、t to increase the flow to the filter test chamber. Action shall be taken to ensure that the challenge concentration remains within the permissible range. If necessary, two or more aerosol generators may be used in parallel in order to maintain the challenge concentration within the specified range a
41、t high flow rates.Measurement of aerosol concentration and particle size distribution shall not be affected by the flow measuring device. This can be achieved by placing the flow measuring device downstream of the test chamber.7.4 Filter test chamberThe filter test chamber shall be sufficiently larg
42、e to accommodate the filter system under test and allow exposure of the entire filter working area to the aerosol. Care shall be taken that the influent aerosol is not directed preferentially on to one part of the filter or filter system unless this is caused by the filter design.The construction of
43、 the chamber shall be resistant to the aerosol, shall be leaktight and shall safely withstand any pressures, either positive or negative, that may be generated.The filter test chamber shall be designed to minimize air velocity variations across the surface of the filter under test. Localized high ai
44、r velocity (“jets”) may result in artificially high filter penetration.7.5 Aerosol detector7.5.1 GeneralThe aerosol detector shall have sufficient sensitivity and resolution to accurately determine penetrations to at least an order of magnitude better than the pass/fail criterion specified in the pe
45、rformance standard for the relevant class.The sampling flow rate should be minimized to reduce the effects of sampling on the aerosol within the test chamber or downstream of the filter. Where necessary, the sample shall be returned to the system to prevent errors in the determination of the test fl
46、ow rate.It is permissible to use two aerosol detectors, one monitoring the upstream concentration and one monitoring the downstream concentration, provided that they are both accurately calibrated for the appropriate aerosol size and concentration range in which they are used.7.5.2 Sodium chlorideTh
47、e sodium chloride aerosol shall be analysed by flame photometry.4 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 16900-3:2012ISO 16900-3:2012(E)Sodium chloride particles in air passing through the flame tube are vaporized giving the characteristic sodium emission at 589 nm. The intensity of this emission is pro
48、portional to the concentration of sodium in the air flow.The intensity of the light emitted by the flame is measured by using a photomultiplier tube. To separate the sodium emission from background light of other wavelengths, a narrow band interference filter with appropriate sideband filters to rem
49、ove interference from H2O and CO2shall be used. As the photomultiplier output is only proportional to the incident light over a relatively small range, high light intensities are attenuated by neutral density filters.7.5.3 Paraffin oilThe reference detector is a forward light scattering photometer that has an effective scattering angle of up to 45. Other detectors may be employed provided equivalence to the reference detector can be demonstrated when using the test aerosol specified in 7.2.3.8 Meth
