1、BSI Standards PublicationRespiratory protective devices Methods of test and test equipmentPart 4: Determination of gas filter capacity and migration, desorption and carbon monoxide dynamic testingBS ISO 16900-4:2011National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16900-4:2011.T
2、he UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteePH/4, Respiratory protection.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are r
3、esponsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 76514 8ICS 13.340.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Stand
4、ardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2013.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 16900-4:2011Respiratory protective devices Methods of test and test equipment Part 4:Determination of gas filter capacity and migration, desorption and carbon monoxi
5、de dynamic testingAppareils de protection respiratoire Mthodes dessai et quipement dessai Partie 4: Dtermination de la capacit dun filtre gaz et essais de migration, de dsorption et dynamique au monoxyde de carbone ISO 2011Reference numberISO 16900-4:2011(E)First edition2011-09-01ISO16900-4INTERNATI
6、ONAL STANDARDBS ISO 16900-4:2011ISO 16900-4:2011(E)COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without perm
7、ission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in Switzerlandii ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS I
8、SO 16900-4:2011ISO 16900-4:2011(E)Contents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Normative references .13 Terms and definitions .14 Prerequisites .25 General test requirements 26 Principles .36.1 Sorption tests .36.2 Migration and desorption tests36.3 Carbon monoxide (CO) dynamic testing of type C
9、O filter37 Apparatus 37.1 Apparatus for constant flow .37.2 Challenge gas generator .37.3 Test chamber 47.4 Detector 47.5 Apparatus for dynamic flow .48 Methods .78.1 General .78.2 Test flow conditions 78.3 Gas capacity test .88.4 Gas filter validation test at specified flow rates 98.5 Migration tes
10、t A and Migration test B 98.6 Desorption test .109 Test report .109.1 General .109.2 Gas capacity test .109.3 Gas filter validation test at specified flow rates 109.4 Migration test 109.5 Desorption test .109.6 CO dynamic test 1010 Uncertainty of measurement 10Annex A (normative) Application of unce
11、rtainty of measurement 11Annex B (informative) Alternative method for the gas filter validation test at specified flow rates .13Bibliography .16 ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS
12、O member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, gove
13、rnmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC D
14、irectives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member b
15、odies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 16900-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94, Personal safety Protec
16、tive clothing and equipment, Subcommittee SC 15, Respiratory protective devices.ISO 16900 consists of the following parts, under the general title Respiratory protective devices Methods of test and test equipment: Part 1: Determination of inward leakage Part 2: Determination of breathing resistance
17、Part 3: Determination of particle filter penetration Part 4: Determination of gas filter capacity, migration, desorption and carbon monoxide dynamic testingISO 16900-4:2011(E)iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 16900-4:2011IntroductionThis part of ISO 16900 is intended as a supplement to the speci
18、fic performance standards for respiratory protective devices. Test methods are specified for complete devices or parts of devices. If deviations from the test method given in this International Standard are necessary, these deviations will be specified in the relevant performance standard.ISO 16900-
19、4:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vBS ISO 16900-4:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16900-4:2011(E)Respiratory protective devices Methods of test and test equipment Part 4:Determination of gas filter capacity and migration, desorption and carbon monoxide dynamic testing1 ScopeThis part of ISO 1690
20、0 specifies the test method for determining the gas capacity of separate or integral gas filters and combined filters for respiratory protective devices. It includes the validation test at specified flow rates, a desorption test to access the ability of the filter to retain the adsorbed or absorbed
21、gas, and carbon monoxide dynamic testing.NOTE These tests are conducted in laboratories using specified test agents under specified conditions and therefore do not indicate the performance of the device in actual use.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the
22、application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 16972, Respiratory protective devices Terms, definitions, graphical symbols and units of measurementISO/TS
23、21748, Guidance for the use of repeatability, reproducibility and trueness estimates in measurement uncertainty estimation3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16972 and the following apply.3.1sorptionprocess in which one substance (the filt
24、er medium) takes up or holds another (the test gas), either by adsorption or absorption3.2desorptionprocess in which one substance (the filter medium) releases an absorbed or adsorbed substance3.3breakthrough timetime taken from the start of the test until the test gas and specified reaction product
25、s are detected at the specified breakthrough concentration at the downstream side of the filter under test3.4gas filter capacitymass or volume of a specific test agent that is removed or retained by a gas filter or combined filter under specified conditions of temperature, humidity, challenge test g
26、as concentration and flow rate ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16900-4:2011NOTE The mass or volume is determined by measuring the breakthrough time at a defined breakthrough concentration. The mathematical equation to calculate the gas capacity is:C V c t= fl gas br106whereC is gas capacity (l)
27、;Vflis volume flow rate (l/min);cgasis gas concentration (ml/m3);tbris breakthrough time (min).EXAMPLE Vfl= 30 l/mincgas= 1 000 ml/m3tbr= 30 minC = 30 l/min 1 000 ml/m3 30 min 10-6= 0,9 l3.5gas filter validation test at specified flow ratestest to evaluate the ability of the filter to achieve a mini
28、mum performance level at its work rate classification3.6integral dosevolume of the test gas on the effluent side of the filter released during the testing periodNOTE This is calculated as the integral of the instant effluent concentration (function of time) of the test gas during the testing time mu
29、ltiplied by the volume flow rate.4 PrerequisitesThe performance standard shall indicate the conditions of the test. This includes the following:a) number of specimens;b) sequence of preconditioning;c) type of test method (gas capacity test, gas filter validation test at specified flow rates, migrati
30、on test A or migration test B, desorption test);d) test parameters for gas capacity test (test gas, concentration, reaction products if applicable, breakthrough concentration, breakthrough time, humidity, temperature, flow mode, flow rate, setting of breathing machine);e) test parameters for gas fil
31、ter validation test at specified flow rates (test gas, concentration, reaction products if applicable, breakthrough concentration, breakthrough time, humidity, temperature, flow rate);f) test parameters for migration and desorption test (test duration, reaction products if applicable, termination, i
32、nitial exposure prior to desorption).5 General test requirementsUnless otherwise specified, the values stated in this part of ISO 16900 are expressed as nominal values. Except for temperature limits, values which are not stated as maxima or minima shall be subject to a tolerance of 5 %. Unless other
33、wise specified, the ambient temperature for testing shall be between 16 C and 32 C and (50 30) % RH. Any temperature limits specified shall be subject to an accuracy of 1 C.ISO 16900-4:2011(E)2 ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 16900-4:20116 Principles6.1 Sorption tests6.1.1 Gas capacity testGas an
34、d combined filters are exposed to a defined test gas under given conditions to determine the time when breakthrough of the applied gas occurs at a specified concentration.6.1.2 Gas filter validation test at specified flow ratesGas and combined filters are exposed to a defined test gas under enhanced
35、 flow rates to evaluate whether breakthrough time exceeds a specified minimum.6.2 Migration and desorption tests6.2.1 Migration test A and migration test BGas and combined filters are exposed to a defined test gas under given conditions. After exposure, the filter is stored under defined conditions.
36、 After storage, clean air (migration test A) or test gas (migration test B) is passed through the filter to determine the ability of the filter to retain the test gas.6.2.2 Desorption testGas and combined filters are exposed to a defined test gas under given conditions. After exposure, clean air is
37、immediately passed through the filter to determine the ability of the filter to retain the test gas.6.3 Carbon monoxide (CO) dynamic testing of type CO filterThe CO gas filter, or combined filter containing type CO, are exposed to CO under given conditions to determine the effluent CO concentration
38、over time and the integral dose.7 Apparatus7.1 Apparatus for constant flowThe test apparatus consists of three modules:a) challenge gas generator;b) test chamber;c) detector.A schematic drawing of an example for a test apparatus is shown in Figure 1.7.2 Challenge gas generatorThe challenge gas conce
39、ntration can be generated using several methods. These include:a) use of a prediluted gas (in air);b) dilution of a gas by a carrier gas (air);c) evaporation of a chemical substance into carrier gas (air);d) in situ preparation by a chemical reaction where the product is taken up into carrier gas (a
40、ir).ISO 16900-4:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16900-4:2011It shall be taken into account that the stabilization of the test gas concentration takes some time due to adsorption of test gas at the walls of the gas-generating system and the test chamber.7.3 Test chamberThe filter test ch
41、amber shall be sufficiently large to accommodate the filter system under test and shall allow a homogeneous filter exposure.The construction of the chamber shall be resistant to the test gas, shall be leak-tight and shall safely withstand any pressures, either positive or negative, that might be gen
42、erated.Specimen orientation shall be such that the gas flows horizontally and in line with the direction of minimum bed depth of the filter. A gas stream shall not directly impact on to the filter face.7.4 DetectorThe response time of the detection system, which includes sampling lines and connectio
43、ns, shall be known and taken into consideration.The detector shall have sufficient sensitivity and resolution to accurately determine 10 % of the specified breakthrough concentration.Key1 exhaust2 air3 test gas4 flow controller5 humidifier6 water cooler/thermostat7 challenge gas8 test specimen 9 flo
44、w controller10 mixing vessel11 test chamber12 detector: temperature13 detector: relative humidity14 detector: test gas15 detector: breakthroughFigure 1 Schematic diagram of typical test apparatus for constant flow gas capacity testing7.5 Apparatus for dynamic flowSchematic diagrams of test arrangeme
45、nts that have been found suitable are represented by Figure 2. They mainly consist of:ISO 16900-4:2011(E)4 ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 16900-4:2011a) breathing machine equipped with control valves;b) humidifier;c) flow meters for air and test gas;d) test chamber equipped with sampling ports a
46、nd exhaust;e) test gas analysers;f) means of measuring pressure, wet bulb and dry bulb temperature and moisture content;g) head form or suitable adapter;h) supply of test gas;i) adapter for replaceable inhalation/exhalation valve, if applicable.ISO 16900-4:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 5BS IS
47、O 16900-4:2011Key1 breathing machine2 control valves3 heater and humidifier (for bidirectional method)4 gas cooler5 sampling point for CO analyser6 detector: CO analyser7 flow meter for test atmosphere8 flow meter for carbon monoxide9 humidifier10 test chamber11 sampling point for CO-content in test
48、 atmosphere12 detector: CO analyser13 detector: humidity sensor14 test specimen, head form or suitable adapter15 pressure sensor16 detector: temperature sensor17 detector: humidity sensor18 exhaustFigure 2 Schematic diagram of typical test equipment for cyclic CO capacity testing using filter adapte
49、rISO 16900-4:2011(E)6 ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 16900-4:20118 Methods8.1 GeneralPrior to testing, the test specimen shall be stored in its smallest available commercial packaging for a minimum of 4 h at (21 3) C, unless otherwise specified in the performance standard. The test specimen shall be mounted in the test chamber and exposed to the appropriate gas challenge at the specified flow.The specimen and its primary attachment shall be exposed to the challenge g
