1、BS ISO 17179:2016Stationary source emissions Determination of the massconcentration of ammoniain flue gas Performancecharacteristics of automatedmeasuring systemsBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 17179:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis B
2、ritish Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 17179:2016.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/2/1, Stationary source emission.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport
3、 to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 84130 9ICS 13.040.40Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.Th
4、is British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 17179:2016 ISO 2016Stationary source emissions Determination of the mass concentration of ammonia in fl
5、ue gas Performance characteristics of automated measuring systemsmission des sources fixes Dtermination de la concentration massique de lammoniac dans les gaz de combustion Caractristiques de performance des systmes de mesure automatissINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO17179First edition2016-07-01Reference n
6、umberISO 17179:2016(E)BS ISO 17179:2016ISO 17179:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, elec
7、tronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernie
8、r, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 17179:2016ISO 17179:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 55 Principle 66 Description of the automated measuring
9、systems 66.1 Sampling and sample gas conditioning systems 66.2 Analyser equipment . 67 Performance characteristics 67.1 Performance criteria 67.2 Determination of the performance characteristics . 77.2.1 Performance test 77.2.2 Ongoing quality control . 88 Measurement procedure 88.1 General . 88.2 C
10、hoice of the measuring system 88.3 Sampling . 98.3.1 Sampling location 98.3.2 Sampling point(s) 98.4 Data collection . 98.5 Calculation 99 Quality assurance and quality control procedures .109.1 General 109.2 Frequency of checks 109.3 Calibration, validation and measurement uncertainty .1110 Test re
11、port 11Annex A (informative) Extractive differential NOxmeasurement technique 13Annex B (informative) Extractive direct NH3measurement technique 17Annex C (informative) In situ and direct NH3measurement with TLS analyser 20Annex D (normative) Operational gases .24Annex E (normative) Procedures for d
12、etermination of the performance characteristics during the general performance test .26Annex F (informative) Examples of the results for the assessment of ammonia AMS .34Annex G (informative) Calculation of uncertainty of measurement of NH3.36Bibliography .40 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents
13、 PageBS ISO 17179:2016ISO 17179:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body
14、 interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotec
15、hnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO
16、documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held respo
17、nsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given
18、for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trad
19、e (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 1, Stationary source emissions.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 17179:2016ISO 17179:2016(E)IntroductionSelective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and Sel
20、ective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) NOxcontrol systems are used for emission control of NOxin flue gas from power generation plants, waste incinerators and others. The NOxreduction technologies require the injection of ammonia (NH3) and/or urea into flue gas. The SCR system is designed to be opera
21、ted at unreacted NH3in flue gas (or remained NH3in flue gas) as small as possible (typically below 2 mg/m3to 4 mg/m3NH3concentration) with more than 90 % NOxreduction efficiency. The standardization of a measurement method of NH3is thus strongly desired for efficient operation and maintenance of the
22、 NOxcontrol systems and for minimization of environmental impacts due to ammonia and NOx. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 17179:2016BS ISO 17179:2016Stationary source emissions Determination of the mass concentration of ammonia in flue gas Performance characteristics of automated measuring syst
23、ems1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the fundamental structure and the most important performance characteristics of automated measuring systems for ammonia (NH3) to be used on stationary source emissions, for example, combustion plants where SNCR/SCR NOxcontrol systems (deNOxsystems) are
24、 applied. The procedures to determine the performance characteristics are also specified. Furthermore, it describes methods and equipment to determine NH3in flue gases including the sampling system and sample gas conditioning system.This International Standard describes extractive systems, based on
25、direct and indirect measurement methods, and in situ systems, based on direct measurement methods, in connection with a range of analysers that operate using, for example, the following principles: ammonia conversion to, or reaction with NO, followed by chemiluminescence (CL) NOxdifference measureme
26、nt for ammonia (differential NOx); ammonia conversion to, or reaction with NO, followed by non-dispersive ultraviolet (NDUV) spectroscopy NOxdifference measurement for ammonia (differential NOx); Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy; non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopy with gas fil
27、ter correlation (GFC); tuneable laser spectroscopy (TLS).The method allows continuous monitoring with permanently installed measuring systems of NH3emissions, and is applicable to measurements of NH3in dry or wet flue gases, for process monitoring, long term monitoring of the performance of deNOxsys
28、tems and/or emission monitoring.Other equivalent instrumental methods can be used, provided they meet the minimum requirements proposed in this International Standard. The measuring system can be calibrated with certified gases, in accordance with this International Standard, or comparable methods.T
29、he differential NOxtechnique using CL has been successfully tested on some power plants where the NOxconcentration and NH3concentration in flue gas after deNOxsystems are up to 50 mg (NO)/m3and 10 mg (NH3)/m3, respectively. AMS based on FTIR, NDIR with GFC and TLS has been used successfully in this
30、application for measuring ranges as low as 10 mg (NH3)/m3.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the lates
31、t edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 9169, Air quality Definition and determination of performance characteristics of an automatic measuring systemISO 14956, Air quality Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a required meas
32、urement uncertaintyISO 20988, Air quality Guidelines for estimating measurement uncertaintyINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17179:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 17179:2016ISO 17179:2016(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1a
33、nalyseranalytical part in an extractive or in situ AMS (3.3)SOURCE: ISO 12039:2001, 3.33.2automated measuring systemAMSmeasuring system interacting with the flue gas under investigation, returning an output signal proportional to the physical unit of the measurand (3.11) in unattended operationNote
34、1 to entry: In the sense of this International Standard, an AMS is a system that can be attached to a duct or stack to continuously or intermittently measure the mass concentration of NH3passing through the duct.SOURCE: ISO 9169:2006, 2.1.2, modified.3.3in situ AMSnon-extractive systems that measure
35、 the concentration directly in the duct or stackNote 1 to entry: In situ systems measure either across the stack or duct or at a point within the duct or stack.3.4calibration of an automated measuring systemprocedure for establishing the statistical relationship between values of the measurand (3.11
36、) indicated by the automated measuring system (3.2) and the corresponding values given by an independent method of measurement implemented simultaneously at the same measuring point3.5efficiency of NH3/NOefficiency of a converter which oxidizes NH3to NO3.6efficiency of NH3/N2efficiency of a converte
37、r which reduces NH3to N23.7influence quantityquantity that is not the measurand (3.11) but that affects the result of the measurementSOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, B.2.103.8interferencecross-sensitivitynegative or positive effect upon the response of the measuring system, due to a component of the
38、 sample that is not the measurand (3.11)3.9interferentinterfering substancesubstance present in the air mass under investigation, other than the measurand (3.11), that affects the responseSOURCE: ISO 9169:2006, 2.1.122 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 17179:2016ISO 17179:2016(E)3.10lack-of-fitsyst
39、ematic deviation within the range of application between the measurement results obtained by applying the calibration function to the observed response of the measuring system, measuring reference materials (3.16) and the corresponding accepted value of such reference materialsNote 1 to entry: Lack
40、of-fit may be a function of the measurement result.Note 2 to entry: The expression “lack-of-fit” is often replaced in everyday language for linear relations by “linearity” or “deviation from linearity”.SOURCE: ISO 9169:2006, 2.2.9, modified.3.11measurandparticular quantity subject to measurementSOUR
41、CE: ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, B.2.9, modified.3.12NO2/NO converter efficiencyefficiency with which the converter unit of a NOxanalyser reduces NO2to NO3.13performance characteristicone of the quantities assigned to equipment in order to define its performanceNote 1 to entry: Performance characteristi
42、cs can be described by values, tolerances, or ranges.3.14period of unattended operationmaximum interval of time for which the performance characteristics (3.13) remain within a predefined range without external servicing, e.g. refill, adjustmentNote 1 to entry: The period of unattended operation is
43、often called maintenance interval.SOURCE: ISO 9169:2006, 2.2.113.15reference gasgaseous mixture of stable composition used to calibrate the measuring system and which is traceable to national or international standards3.16reference materialRMsubstance or mixture of substances with a known concentrat
44、ion within specified limits, or a device of known characteristicsNote 1 to entry: Normally used are calibration gases, gas cells, gratings, or filters.SOURCE: ISO 14385-1:2014, 3.203.17reference methodmeasurement method taken as a reference by convention, which gives the accepted reference value of
45、the measurand (3.11)3.18transport time in the measuring systemtime period for transportation of the sampled gas from the inlet of the probe to the inlet of the measurement instrument ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 17179:2016ISO 17179:2016(E)3.19response timetime interval between the instant wh
46、en a stimulus is subjected to a specified abrupt change and the instant when the response reaches and remains within specified limits around its final stable value, determined as the sum of the lag time and the rise time in the rising mode, and the sum of the lag time and the fall time in the fallin
47、g modeNote 1 to entry: Lag time, rise time and fall time are defined in ISO 9169:2006.SOURCE: ISO 9169:2006, 2.2.43.20span gasgas or gas mixture used to adjust and check the span point (3.21) on the response line of the measuring systemNote 1 to entry: This concentration is often chosen around 70 %
48、to 80 % of full scale.3.21span pointvalue of the output quantity (measured signal) of the automated measuring system (3.2) for the purpose of calibration, adjustment, etc. that represents a correct measured value generated by reference material (3.16)3.22standard uncertaintyuncertainty (3.23) of the
49、 result of a measurement expressed as a standard deviationSOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, 2.3.13.23uncertainty (of measurement)parameter, associated with the result of a measurement, that characterizes the dispersion of the values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand (3.11)SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, 2.2.33.24validation of an automated measuring systemprocedure to check the statistical relationship between values of the measurand (3.11) indicated by the automated measuring system (3.2)
