1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58head and neck interactions with seat/head restraint designs in low-speed rear-end impactICS 43.020R
2、oad vehicles Sled test procedure for evaluating occupant BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 17373:2005BS ISO 17373:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 17 January 2006 BSI 17 January 2006ISBN 0 580 47097 0The British Standards which implem
3、ent international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport
4、to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pag
5、es ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 25 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsA list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its se
6、cretary.Cross-referencesenquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.National forewordThis British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 17373:2005 and implements it as the U
7、K national standard.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AUE/15, Safety related to vehicles, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any Reference numberISO 17373:2005(E
8、)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO17373First edition2005-09-01Road vehicles Sled test procedure for evaluating occupant head and neck interactions with seat/head restraint designs in low-speed rear-end impact Vhicules routiers Mode opratoire dessai sur chariot pour valuer les interactions de la tte et du c
9、ou de loccupant avec le sige et lappuie-tte lors dun choc arrire faible vitesse BS ISO 17373:2005ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Testing equipment 2 4.1 Test facility 2 4.2 Anthropomorphic test device (ATD) . 2 4.3 Te
10、st objects . 3 5 Requirements 3 5.1 Anthropomorphic test device instrumentation and measurements . 3 5.2 Test temperature. 4 6 Test preparation 4 6.1 Mounting of the seat and seat belt system on the sled 4 6.2 Positioning of the ATD on the seat . 5 6.3 Additional considerations 6 6.4 Film targets 6
11、6.5 Test report . 7 6.6 Camera positions 8 7 Test conditions . 8 7.1 Acceleration/deceleration pulse 8 7.2 Active systems 8 8 Data recording. 9 8.1 General. 9 8.2 Post-test measurements 9 Annex A (normative) Positioning procedure for BioRID II. 10 Annex B (normative) Positioning procedure for RID2 1
12、4 Annex C (normative) Positioning procedure for Hybrid III 22 Annex D (informative) Test report 23 Bibliography . 25 BS ISO 17373:2005iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing
13、 International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liais
14、on with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of te
15、chnical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is dr
16、awn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 17373 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 10, Impact test procedures.
17、BS ISO 17373:2005vIntroduction Most head restraints of current vehicles are designed to minimize the risk of severe neck injuries such as bony fractures, luxations and ligament ruptures. However, so called “whiplash associated disorders” (WAD) of an AIS 1 injury severity degree still occur in consid
18、erable numbers. The majority of persons with such minor neck disorders soon recover without ongoing symptoms. Some victims, however, report long term impairment after even a “minor” event, also called “low-speed rear-end impact”. These injuries are difficult to diagnose even a careful medical examin
19、ation including CT scan and MRI often reveals no visible reason for a reported disorder and the complexities involved are often misunderstood. Therefore, legal and insurance related disputes are common. It has been shown in the relevant scientific literature that: whiplash associated disorders (WAD)
20、 predominantly occur in the struck vehicle in rear-end impacts; discussions about better seat and head restraint design in order to reduce WAD have been ongoing for a long time, given the complexity of the subject; many organizations interested in seat design (manufacturers of automobiles or seats,
21、universities, accident investigators, consumer test houses) have devised their own dynamic test procedures; to date, no standard test procedure is available that covers minor neck loading in typical “low-speed rear-end impacts”; accidentology analyses show that the majority of the neck disorders dis
22、cussed here occur during rear-end impacts which result in a velocity change of 10 km/h to 15 km/h for the struck vehicle. BS ISO 17373:2005blank1Road vehicles Sled test procedure for evaluating occupant head and neck interactions with seat/head restraint designs in low-speed rear-end impact 1 Scope
23、The sled test procedure described in this International Standard simulates low-speed rear-end impact resulting in a velocity change of the struck vehicle of 15 km/h. Its main purpose is the evaluation of the whiplash associated disorders due to seat occupant interactions with seat systems during the
24、 loading phase under standard conditions. Seat-belts shall be used unless it is proven that they do not affect the occupant response. The occupant protection potential of seat systems in other collision situations (e.g. higher velocity change/vehicle accelerations possibly resulting in large deforma
25、tion of the seat back) is not covered by this International Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced d
26、ocument (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6487, Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation SAE J211/1, Instrumentation for impacts Tests Part 1: Electronic Instrumentation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions a
27、pply. 3.1 delta- maximum velocity change of the sled 3.2 active system any restraint system, including seat belt, triggered electronically or mechanically, designed to reduce the risk of occupant injuries 3.3 t0time corresponding to the first data point above 0,5 g as defined by the acceleration tim
28、e curve measured on the sled filtered at CFC 60, on a specific sensor with a low amplitude range (e.g. 10 g) ISO 6487 BS ISO 17373:20052 3.4 HRMD backset horizontal measurement between the back surface of the HRMD head and the front surface of the head restraint as measured by the backset probe of t
29、he HRMD See Annex A. NOTE HRMD: head restraint measuring device. 3.5 dummy backset horizontal distance between dummys head and head restraint See 6.5. 3.6 dummy height vertical distance between dummys head and head restraint See 6.5. 4 Testing equipment 4.1 Test facility The test shall be performed
30、on an acceleration sled. If a deceleration system is used, film analysis shall be used to confirm proper dummy position immediately prior to t0. Two sensors shall be used on the sled: one with a low amplitude range for the definition of t0; the second for the complete pulse. NOTE Proper dummy positi
31、on means the dummy has not moved outside tolerances specified in the seating procedure. 4.2 Anthropomorphic test device (ATD) 4.2.1 Type The test procedure is applicable to a 50th percentile male ATD. Possible ATDs (dummies) that may be used are presented in Annexes A, B and C. IMPORTANT It is not i
32、n the scope of this test procedure to determine which dummy is to be used. NOTE ISO experts in this field of standardization recommend using the BioRID II test dummy 1). 4.2.2 Clothing and shoes The dummy shall be clothed as defined by the dummy manufacturer. 1) BioRID is the trade name of a product
33、 supplied by Denton. This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results. See 6.2. BS ISO 17373:200534.2.3 Temperatur
34、e The dummy temperature shall be in the range of 22 C 3 C, unless specified differently by the dummys manufacturer. This temperature shall be obtained by soaking the dummy in temperatures that are within the range specified above for at least 5 h prior to the test. The dummy temperature shall be mai
35、ntained within the specified range between the time of setting the limbs and up to a maximum of 10 min before the time of the test. 4.2.4 Dummy joints Dummy joint frictions shall be set according to dummy manufacturers specified procedure or as defined in Annexes A, B and C. The dummy joint stiffnes
36、ses shall be set as close as possible to the time of the test and, in all cases, not more than 24 h before the test. 4.2.5 Post test dummy inspection The dummies shall be visually inspected immediately after the test. Any lacerations of the skin or breakages of the dummy shall be noted in the test r
37、eport. 4.3 Test objects These are seat assemblies of passenger cars, light truck vehicles and light commercial vehicles. 5 Requirements 5.1 Anthropomorphic test device instrumentation and measurements The ATD shall be instrumented according to the requirements of the relevant ISO standards. Table 1
38、provides an example of ATD measurements. Table 1 Examples of ATD measurements Position Measurement Axes Head Acceleration x/y/z Force x/zUpper neck (C1) Moment of torque y Acceleration x Force x/zLower neck at the junction of the cervical and thoracic spines Moment of torque y Chest Acceleration x/z
39、Recommended measurements Pelvis Acceleration x/y/zHead Rotational acceleration or velocity y Force y Upper neck (C1) Moment of torque x/z Force yOptional measurements Lower neck at the junction of the cervical and thoracic spines Moment of torque x/z BS ISO 17373:20054 5.2 Test temperature The ambie
40、nt temperature during the test shall be 22 C 3 C. 6 Test preparation 6.1 Mounting of the seat and seat belt system on the sled 6.1.1 General The seat and seat belt system shall be mounted on the sled with the same position and orientation as in the intended vehicle and using the appropriate attachme
41、nt hardware (see Table 2). The orientation of the seat and the seat belt system shall be assured by matching the relative co-ordinates of the attachment points. The mounting supports on the sled and the adjustment mechanisms of the seat shall be adapted as described in 6.1.2 to 6.1.4. 6.1.2 Seat and
42、 seat belt adjustments requirements Table 2 Seat and seat belt adjustments Adjustment Required setting Notes Methods Seat rails angle Manufacturers design position Seat fore/aft Mid position as defined in 6.1.3 May be set to first notch rearwards of mid position if not lockable at mid position See 6
43、.1.3 Seat base tilt Manufacturers design position Permissible up to mid Position See 6.1.3.10 Seat height Manufacturers design position Otherwise lowest position Seat back angle Manufacturers design position Otherwise 25 rearward of vertical (as defined by torso angle of the H-point machine) Head re
44、straint height Manufacturers design position Head restraint tilt Manufacturers design position Seat lumbar support Manufacturers design position Otherwise fully retracted See 6.1.3.11 Arm-rests Manufacturers design position Otherwise in stowed position Belt anchorage points Manufacturers design posi
45、tion Shoulder belt Manufacturers design position If no design position then set to mid-position, or nearest notch upwards NOTE Adjustments not listed are set to mid-positions or nearest positions rearward, lower or outboard. 6.1.3 Method for seat adjustments 6.1.3.1 Place a mark on the moving part o
46、f seat runner close to the non-moving seat guide. 6.1.3.2 Move the seat to its most forward position of travel. BS ISO 17373:200556.1.3.3 Mark the unmoving seat guide in line with the mark on the seat runner. This corresponds to the seat in its most forward position. 6.1.3.4 Move the seat to its mos
47、t rearward position. 6.1.3.5 Mark the unmoving seat guide in line with the mark on the seat runner. This corresponds to the seat in its most rearward position. 6.1.3.6 Measure the distance between the forward and rearward marks. Place a mark on the unmoving seat guide mid-way between the forward and
48、 rearward marks. 6.1.3.7 Move the seat so that the mark on the moving part of the seat runner aligns with the mid-way mark on the non-moving seat guide. 6.1.3.8 Lock the seat at this position. Ensure that the seat is fully latched in its runners on both sides (if so equipped) of the seat. The seat i
49、s now defined as being at its “mid seating position”. The seat is tested in this position. 6.1.3.9 If the seat does not lock in this position, move the seat to the first locking position that it is rearward of the mid seating position. The seat is tested in this position. 6.1.3.10 If the seat base is adjustable for tilt it may be set to any angle from the flattest up to its mid front tilt-up position according to the manufacturers preference. 6.1.3.11 If the seat back
