1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18314-3:2015Analytical colorimetryPart 3: Special indicesBS ISO 18314-3:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18314-3:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/1, Pigment
2、s.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Stan
3、dards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 86041 6ICS 87.060.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationD
4、ate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 18314-3:2015 ISO 2015Analytical colorimetry Part 3: Special indicesAnalyse colorimtrique Partie 3: Indices spciauxINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18314-3First edition2015-06-01Reference numberISO 18314-3:2015(E)BS ISO 18314-3:2015ISO 18314-3:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights r
5、eservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an i
6、ntranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgw
7、ww.iso.orgBS ISO 18314-3:2015ISO 18314-3:2015(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 13 Whiteness index 23.1 CIE whiteness index 24 Yellowness index 25 Black values . 25.1 Black value, MY.25.2 Colour depending black value, MC.25.3 Absolute contribution of hue, dM 25.4 Relative bla
8、ck value, Myr .36 Grey values 36.1 Grey value, GY36.2 Colour depending grey value, GC36.3 Absolute contribution of hue, dG 36.4 Relative grey value, Gyr . 37 Flop-index 4Annex A (informative) Considerations regarding black values 5Bibliography 6 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 18
9、314-3:2015ISO 18314-3:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body intereste
10、d in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Com
11、mission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents
12、should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible fo
13、r identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the
14、convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Fore
15、word - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 256, Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders.ISO 18314 consists of the following parts, under the general title Analytical colorimetry: Part 1: Practical colour measurement Part 2: Saunderson correction, solutions of the
16、 Kubelka-Munk equation, tinting strength, hiding power Part 3: Special indicesiv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 18314-3:2015Analytical colorimetry Part 3: Special indices1 ScopeThis part of ISO 18314 specifies different methods of calculating special indices, which are generally used to describe
17、 lightness respectively jetness of samples including chroma or hue within one colour-coordinate.This part of ISO 18314 is applicable to tristimulus values and chromaticity coordinates calculated using colour-matching functions of the CIE 1964 standard colourimetric system. It can be used for the spe
18、cification of colour stimuli perceived as belonging to a reflecting or transmitting object, where a one-dimensional value is required.2 Symbols and abbreviated termsa, b absolute parametersFI flop-indexGCcolour depending grey valueGYgrey valueGyr relative grey valueGY(GS) grey value of a virtual gen
19、eral standardGY(GSf) fixed mean value (of 10 preparations) of the actual general standardGY(GSv) grey value of the actual prepared general standardGY(Sample) grey value of the sampleL* () CIELab-76 lightness value at the aspecular angle MCcolour depending black valueMYblack valueMyr relative black v
20、alueMY(GS) black value of a defined virtual general standardMY(GSf) fixed mean value (of 10 preparations) of the actual group standardMY(GSv) black value of the actual prepared group standardMY(Sample) black value of the sampleWCIEis the CIE whiteness indexX, Y, Z tristimulus values of a test stimul
21、usINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18314-3:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 18314-3:2015ISO 18314-3:2015(E)Xn, Yn, Zntristimulus values of a specific white colour stimulusx, y chromaticity coordinates of a test stimulusxn, ynchromaticity coordinates of a specific white colour stimulusYI yellow
22、ness index3 Whiteness index3.1 CIE whiteness indexWY xx yyCIE=+ +800 1700() ()nn(1)This formula is valid within the range of 40 WCIE 5Y 280.NOTE This formula follows CIE 15:2004 and ASTM E 31310.4 Yellowness indexYIaX bZY=100 (2)The absolute parameters a and b depend on illuminant D65 and the standa
23、rd observer 2 and 10. See Table 1.Table 1 Parameters a and b for standard observer 2 and 10Standard observer a b2 1,298 5 1,133 510 1,301 3 1,149 8NOTE This equation follows ASTM E 31310 and DIN 6167.5 Black values5.1 Black value, MYMYYY=100 logn(3)NOTE This equation follows DIN 55979.5.2 Colour dep
24、ending black value, MCMXXZZYYC= +100 loglog lognnn(4)NOTE Black value, MC, describes higher jetness if there is a blue shade and lower jetness if the shade is brown.5.3 Absolute contribution of hue, dMdMM-MCY= (5)2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 18314-3:2015ISO 18314-3:2015(E)NOTE dM describes t
25、he amount of blue shade in case of positive values and the amount of brown shade in case of negative values.5.4 Relative black value, MyrMyr%MM()M(GS)M ()%YYfYYv=(Sample) GSGS100 (6)In case of carbon black pigments, a group standard can be defined as a general standard relating to the class of carbo
26、n black pigment. See Table 2.Table 2 Virtual black values MY(GS) for group standardsGroup standards (GS) Virtual black value MY(GS)Gas black, powder, and beads 260Oxidized gas black, powder, and beads 250Furnace black, powder, and beads 255Oxidized furnace black, powder, and beads 225Lamp black, pow
27、der, and beads 205Thermal black, powder, and beads 205Acetylene black, powder, and beads 2506 Grey values6.1 Grey value, GYGYYYn=100 log (7)6.2 Colour depending grey value, GCGXXZZYYCnnn= +100 loglog log (8)6.3 Absolute contribution of hue, dGdG G-GCY= (9)NOTE dG describes the amount of blue shade i
28、n case of positive values and the amount of brown shade in case of negative values.6.4 Relative grey value, GyrGyr %GG()G( )G ()%YYfYYv=(Sample) GSGS GS100 (10)In case of carbon black pigments, a group standard can be defined as a general standard relating to the class of carbon black pigment. See T
29、able 3. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 18314-3:2015ISO 18314-3:2015(E)Table 3 Virtual grey values GY(GS) for group standardsGroup standards (GS) Virtual grey value GY(GS)Gas black, powder, and beads 95Oxidized gas black, powder, and beads 99Furnace black, powder, and beads 99Oxidized furnace b
30、lack, powder, and beads 85Lamp black, powder, and beads 64Thermal black, powder, and beads 50Acetylene black, powder, and beads 857 Flop-indexThe flop-index (FI) is a special measure to characterize the angular variation of lightness of almost neutral metallic colour shades. Its formal definition is
31、FILLL=()()()269131112086,*,(11)The parameters (exponents, pre-factor) have been chosen in a way so that for conventional metallic pigments the order of magnitude is FI 10. L*() denotes the CIELab-76 lightness value at the aspecular angle with 1=15, 2=45, 3=110.NOTE This formula has been developed by
32、 D. H. Alman.14 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 18314-3:2015ISO 18314-3:2015(E)Annex A (informative) Considerations regarding black valuesThe impression of hue or colour intensity is a subjective sensory perception. Consequently, differentiation between jet-black paints is not totally without pro
33、blems. A visual assessment is always significantly influenced by the ambient conditions and by the physical and mental state of the observer. For reliable determination, measurement equipment is required which provides reproducible results for the measurement range with minimum reflections.Metrologi
34、cal assessment of the jetness is preferably performed using a spectral photometer with 45/0 (or 0/45) geometry. Here the specimen is placed at an angle of 45 and generally subjected to circular illumination. The light reflected by the specimen is measured at an angle of 0. The spectrophotometer migh
35、t be selected in testing of calibration repeatability. The difference of standard value Y has to be lower than 0,003 in the jetness area of Y = 0,04 until Y = 0,05.The visual evaluation is influenced to a great extent by the ambient conditions and by the physical and mental state of the observer. It
36、 is consequently necessary to define and observe certain boundary conditions. As natural daylight is subject to continuous fluctuations, a standardised artificial light source has to be used that produces a light similar to that of daylight type D65 by filtering.The observation angle has to correspo
37、nd to the 45/0 (or 0/45) geometry of the measuring instrument. As the light falls perpendicularly onto the paint coating, the observer views the specimen at an angle of 45. The area around the specimens should be kept neutral. Reflections of other objects have to be avoided. Matt black specimen moun
38、tings and backgrounds and complete darkening of the examination room are of benefit for the evaluation of deep black specimens. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 18314-3:2015ISO 18314-3:2015(E)Bibliography1 Alman D.H. Directional color measurement of metallic flake finishes, Proc. ISCC Williamsbu
39、rg Conf. on Appearance, 53 ( 1987)2 CIE 15:2004, Colorimetry, 3rd edition, ISBN 3 901 906 33 91)3 ASTM E 313-10, Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates4 DIN 6167:1980-01, Description of yellowness of near-white or near-colour
40、less materials5 DIN 55979:1989-04, Testing of pigments; Determination of the black value of carbon black pigments1) Available from CIE (International commission on illumination): CIE Central Bureau, Kegelgasse 27, A-1030 Vienna, Austria; www.cie.co.at6 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 18314-3:2015
41、BS ISO 18314-3:2015ISO 18314-3:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reservedICS 87.060.10Price based on 6 pagesThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services.BSI is incorporated by Royal
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