1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18436-2:2014Condition monitoring anddiagnostics of machines Requirements for qualificationand assessment of personnelPart 2: Vibration condition monitoring anddiagnosticsBS ISO 18436-2:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementatio
2、n of ISO 18436-2:2014.It supersedes BS ISO 18436-2:2003 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GME/21/7, Mechanical vibration, shock and conditionmonitoring - Condition monitoring.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobta
3、ined on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 66383 3ICS 03.100.30; 17.160Complian
4、ce with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 18436-2:2014 ISO 2014Condition monitoring and di
5、agnostics of machines Requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel Part 2: Vibration condition monitoring and diagnosticsSurveillance et diagnostic dtat des machines Exigences relatives la qualification et lvaluation du personnel Partie 2: Surveillance des vibrations et diagnostic dtat
6、 des machinesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18436-2Second edition2014-05-01Reference numberISO 18436-2:2014(E)BS ISO 18436-2:2014ISO 18436-2:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reprod
7、uced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.
8、ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 18436-2:2014ISO 18436-2:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references
9、 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Classification of personnel . 14.1 General . 14.2 Category I . 24.3 Category II . 24.4 Category III . 34.5 Category IV . 45 Eligibility. 45.1 General . 45.2 Education . 45.3 Training . 55.4 Experience 56 Examination 66.1 Content . 66.2 Examination conduct . 6Annex A (n
10、ormative) Training course requirements 7Annex B (normative) Applicable International Standards .34Bibliography .36BS ISO 18436-2:2014ISO 18436-2:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The wor
11、k of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governme
12、ntal, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the
13、 ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possib
14、ility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of
15、patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as in
16、formation about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring, Subcommittee SC 5, Condition monit
17、oring and diagnostics of machine systems.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 18436-2:2003), of which it is a minor revision.ISO 18436 consists of the following parts, under the general title Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Requirements for qualification a
18、nd assessment of personnel : Part 1: Requirements for assessment bodies and the assessment process Part 2: Vibration condition monitoring and diagnostics Part 3: Requirements for training bodies and the training process Part 4: Field lubricant analysis Part 5: Lubricant laboratory technician/analyst
19、 Part 6: Acoustic emission Part 7: Thermography Part 8: UltrasoundThe following part is planned: Part 9: Condition monitoring specialistsiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18436-2:2014ISO 18436-2:2014(E)IntroductionNon-intrusive technologies used in condition monitoring and fault diagnosis includ
20、e vibration, infrared thermography, oil and wear debris analysis, acoustic and ultrasonic analysis, and electric signature analysis.Those in manufacturing industry who have diligently and consistently applied these techniques have experienced a return on investment far exceeding their expectations.
21、However, the effectiveness of these programmes depends on the capabilities of individuals who perform the measurements and analyse the data.A programme, specified in this part of ISO 18436, has been developed to train and assess the competence of personnel whose duties require the appropriate theore
22、tical and practical knowledge and relevant experience in VA for machinery condition monitoring and diagnostics.This part of ISO 18436 defines the requirements against which personnel associated with vibration measurement and analysis for machinery condition monitoring and diagnostics are to be asses
23、sed, and the methods of assessing such personnel. Applicants should be aware that employers and customers are likely to have the greatest confidence in those vibration analysts certified by accredited bodies. Alternately, applicants can choose to seek recognition from other party assessment bodies w
24、hich may provide the next lower level of confidence. Lastly, applicants may rely upon their own self-assessment and declaration of competence but in doing so they should be aware that employers and customers are likely to have the least confidence in this option. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO
25、 18436-2:2014BS ISO 18436-2:2014Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel Part 2: Vibration condition monitoring and diagnostics1 ScopeThis part of ISO 18436 specifies requirements for the training, relevant experience, and examinatio
26、n of personnel performing condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines using vibration analysis (VA).A certificate or declaration of conformity to the requirements of this part of ISO 18436 in accordance with ISO 18436-1, provides recognition and evidence that individuals are able to perform vib
27、ration measurements and analysis for machinery condition monitoring and diagnostics using a range of vibration measurement equipment.This part of ISO 18436 specifies a four-category classification programme that is based on the technical areas delineated herein.2 Normative referencesThe following do
28、cuments, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 1925, Mechanical vib
29、ration Balancing VocabularyISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring VocabularyISO 13372, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines VocabularyISO 18436-1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel Part 1: R
30、equirements for assessment bodies and the assessment process3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1925, ISO 2041, ISO 13372, , and ISO 18436-1 apply.4 Classification of personnel4.1 GeneralDepending upon their competence in VA, individuals m
31、eeting the requirements of this part of ISO 18436 shall be classified in one of four categories (4.2 to 4.5). They shall have demonstrated competence appropriate to their classification category as indicated in Annex A, in the concepts of machine condition monitoring using VA.The classification of i
32、ndividuals at all categories shall be subject to the scope and any limitations of the award issued by the assessing body. Authority to work shall be limited or specified by the employer or INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18436-2:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 18436-2:2014ISO 18436-2:2014(E)
33、client. Individuals shall provide recommendations based on the limits of their training and experience. This declaration shall not allow a practitioner to make recommendations or give advice that may affect plant design, safety or operation without discussion with, and approval from, the appropriate
34、 plant specialist, manager or operator. The limits of the practitioner are specified in this clause whereas the limits of liability shall be agreed between the practitioner and their employer or client.The classification category of the practitioner and any requirements for additional knowledge to w
35、ork with specific equipment shall be subject to agreement between the customer and service supplier. This qualification shall provide the practitioner with sufficient knowledge to be able to make measurements and interpret data as appropriate for their category. In addition, the applicability of the
36、 qualification to a particular specialized machine type or types should be verified by the client through reference to the previous experience and training of the practitioner. It is recognized that different industrial applications require knowledge of varying aspects of VA. Using supporting docume
37、nted evidence, the supplier of the VA service shall be able to demonstrate to the employer or client, that staff carrying out work has the appropriate machine knowledge and experience.Where an individual has specialized knowledge in a particular concept of VA or in specific types of machinery, they
38、may be capable, when approved by the client or employer, of working beyond their qualification classification category. Their certificate or declaration of conformity from the assessment body shall remain as it was at the time it was issued.In 4.2 to 4.5, an outline is given of the typical competenc
39、ies and skills required in each category. Detailed recommended topics and sub-topics are shown in Tables A.1 and A.24.2 Category IPersonnel classified to category I are able to perform a range of pre-defined, generally simple single-channel, machinery vibration condition monitoring activities in acc
40、ordance with established procedures. All activities shall be performed under direction.Personnel classified to category I shall at least:a) know of the basic principles of vibration and recognize the different units of measurement;b) be able to collect reliable data ensuring appropriate standards of
41、 repeatability;c) be able to identify errors in collected data;d) be able to retrieve pre-defined measurement settings for use with VA equipment and transfer data from an analysis system to a computer-based system;e) be able to compare overall or single-value vibration measurements against pre-estab
42、lished alert settings;f) be able to identify deviations from the norm for single-value vibration values and trends;g) report on visual observations of equipment condition.They shall not be responsible for: the choice of sensor, test method or technique or for any analysis or diagnosis to be conducte
43、d; the assessment of test results, other than identifying conditions against pre-established criteria, such as acceptance, alert, alarm, shutdown, etc.4.3 Category IIPersonnel classified to category II are able to perform industrial machinery vibration measurements and basic VA using single-channel
44、measurements, with or without phase trigger signals, according to 2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18436-2:2014ISO 18436-2:2014(E)established and recognized procedures. They require all the knowledge, experience and skills expected of category I, and in addition they shall at least:a) be able to
45、 define the measurement activities to be undertaken by a category I individual in the course of routine data collection;b) be aware of and capable of using the basic principles of signal analysis and, as such, can define acquisition and analysis settings to collect data appropriate to the machine(s)
46、 monitored;c) be able to perform basic (single-channel) impact tests to determine natural frequencies;d) be able to interpret and evaluate test results from routine analysis and acceptance tests in accordance with specifications and standards;e) be able to diagnose common fault indications and recom
47、mend basic corrective actions commensurate with their area of machinery experience including carrying out single-plane balancing of rigid rotors with or without phase;f) be able to provide technical guidance to and instruct category I personnel.4.4 Category IIIPersonnel classified to category III re
48、quire all the knowledge, experience and skills expected of personnel classified to categories I and II, and in addition shall at least:a) be able to design, direct and establish routine condition monitoring programmes and non-routine investigations for the purpose of fault diagnosis;b) be able to sp
49、ecify the appropriate vibration instrumentation hardware, software, and processing for portable monitoring systems, permanently installed surveillance systems, and equipment protection systemsc) have an in-depth knowledge of the principles and techniques of machinery VA and be able to make initial diagnoses of suspected faults beyond the range of commonly encountered issues. This should include, but not be limited to, the use of frequency spectra, time waveforms and orbits, transfer functions, basic operating deflection
