1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18842:2015Aluminium oxide primarilyused for the production ofaluminium Method for thedetermination of tapped anduntapped densityBS ISO 18842:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18842:2015.The UK participation in
2、its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/24, Raw materials for the aluminium industry.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are r
3、esponsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 84996 1 ICS 71.100.10 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the
4、Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 18842:2015 ISO 2015Aluminium oxide primarily used for the production of aluminium Method for the determination of tapped and untapped densityOxyde daluminium principalemen
5、t utilis pour la production daluminium Mthode de dtermination de la masse volumique tasse ou inexploiteINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18842First edition2015-08-15Reference numberISO 18842:2015(E)BS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18842:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Publish
6、ed in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission
7、 can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18842:2015(E)Foreword
8、ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Principle 14 Apparatus . 15 Sample handling and preparation . 26 Procedure. 26.1 Moisture determination 26.2 Untapped bulk density determination . 26.3 Tapped bulk density determination . 37 Calculation and reporting of results 38 Precision . 39 T
9、est report . 4Bibliography 7 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18842:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is no
10、rmally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in
11、 the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular t
12、he different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this doc
13、ument may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.o
14、rg/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO
15、principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 226, Materials for the production of primary aluminium.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18842:2015(E)IntroductionThi
16、s International Standard is based on the Australian Standard AS 2879.8. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 18842:2015BS ISO 18842:2015Aluminium oxide primarily used for the production of aluminium Method for the determination of tapped and untapped density1 ScopeThis International Standard describ
17、es methods for the determination of tapped and untapped bulk density of smelter grade aluminium oxide primarily used for the production of aluminium.Methods using the fall of sample into a receptacle have been found to be sensitive to flow rate variations, which are caused by physical properties of
18、the aluminium oxide.This International Standard minimizes flow rate variations.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
19、references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 806, Aluminium oxide primarily used for the production of aluminium Determination of loss of mass at 300 C and 1 000 CAS 4538.2, Guide to the sampling of alumina Preparation of samples3 PrincipleA test p
20、ortion of the sample is allowed to fall in a narrow stream from a container onto a small metal impact plate from which the stream spreads and falls into a receiving vessel of known volume. The mass of test portion filling the vessel is determined and untapped bulk density is calculated on a moisture
21、-free (300 C) basis. The material in the receiver is then compacted by tapping the container while further sample is added so that tapped bulk density can be determined, again, on a moisture-free basis. The loss of mass at 300 C is determined on a test portion of sample, this value is used in the ca
22、lculation of tapped and untapped bulk density on a moisture-free basis.4 Apparatus4.1 Sample delivery apparatus, as shown in Figure 1, constructed entirely of an abrasion resistant material, e.g. stainless steel, brass or aluminium. The orifice plate slides a 5 mm orifice beneath the delivery vessel
23、 to begin or terminate sample flow into the delivery tube.4.2 Receiver, a cylindrical container of volume (200 10) ml, having internal length-to-diameter ratio of approximately 6:1 with the exact volume V determined accurately by temperature corrected water mass and constructed of a material that pr
24、ecludes permanent deformation or damage on moderate tapping of the container. Metal or plastic is preferred.NOTE An error of 0,5 ml in the volume determination will cause an error of 3,0 kg/m3in the bulk density.4.3 Laboratory top-pan balance, capable of weighing 500 g to nearest 0,1 g.4.4 Metal str
25、aight edge.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18842:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18842:2015(E)4.5 Sieve, with a minimum opening of 300 m and a maximum opening of 1 000 m.4.6 Tapper, a suitable instrument used for tapping, for example a wooden brush handle or a nylon-head hammer
26、.4.7 Brush, (10 to 30) mm wide bristled brush.5 Sample handling and preparation5.1 The sample shall be conditioned by exposure to the laboratory atmosphere for a minimum of 2 h in a layer of 5 mm maximum thickness, then mixed and divided into test portions prior to analysis. Test portions of approxi
27、mately 300 g are to be used for each determination. Mixing and splitting of the sample into test portions shall be done in accordance with AS 4538.2.5.2 Another test portion of approximately 50 g shall be taken into an airtight container for moisture analysis.6 Procedure6.1 Moisture determinationThe
28、 loss of mass at 300 C of the 50 g test portion (5.2) from the conditioned sample shall be determined as percent loss of mass at 300 C in accordance with ISO 806.NOTE By industry convention, loss of mass at 300 C is often referred to as “moisture” or “moisture on ignition (MOI)”.6.2 Untapped bulk de
29、nsity determinationThe determination shall be carried out as follows:a) Set up the apparatus as shown in Figure 2, in a vibration-free environment ensuring that the delivery apparatus (4.1) is vertical and during the procedure in steps f) to h) take care to strictly minimize vibration or disturbance
30、 of the apparatus.b) Weigh the empty receiver (4.2) to nearest 0,1 g (m1).c) Position the receiver centrally below the delivery apparatus (4.1) as shown in Figure 2.d) Slide the orifice plate to close the 5 mm orifice so preventing entry of the test portion into the delivery tube.e) Add the test por
31、tion to the delivery vessel, through the sieve (4.5), discarding any oversize material.f) Slide the orifice open to allow full flow of sample through the delivery tube and fill the receiver until just overflowing. Some fine airborne sample may escape the apparatus: as the mass of this is small, resu
32、lts will not be significantly affected.g) Slide the orifice closed to terminate the flow of sample.h) Draw a straight edge (4.4) across the top of the receiver to remove excess sample, leaving the sample flat and level with the top of the receiver.i) Using a brush (4.7), remove any sample adhering t
33、o the outside of the receiver.j) Weigh the receiver and sample to the nearest 0,1 g (m2).2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18842:2015(E)6.3 Tapped bulk density determinationThe determination shall be carried out as follows:a) Using the sample in the receiver 6.2 j), tap the sides of
34、 the receiver with a the tapper (4.6) The tapping force shall be sufficient to cause settling of the sample but not cause ejection of the sample or damage to the receiver.b) Add more sample from the delivery apparatus to fill the space above the sample pile and tap as in step 6.3 a).c) Repeat step 6
35、.3 b) until no more settling of the sample can be achieved by tapping.d) Draw a straight edge across the top of the receiver to remove excess sample, leaving the sample flat and level with the top of the receiver.e) Using a brush, remove any sample adhering to the outside of the receiver.f) Weigh th
36、e receiver and sample to the nearest 0,1 g (m3).7 Calculation and reporting of resultsUntapped and tapped density results are reported on a moisture-free basis.Calculate the untapped density as follows:DmmVMu=100 1001 00021(1)Calculate the tapped density as follows:DmmVMt= 1 00031100100(2)whereDuis
37、the untapped bulk density in kilograms per cubic metre;Dtis the tapped bulk density in kilograms per cubic metre;m1is the empty mass of the receiver, in grams;m2is the mass of the receiver and sample after unpacked bulk density determination, in grams;m3is the mass of the receiver and sample after p
38、acked bulk density determination, in grams;V is the volume of the receiver, in millilitres;M is the loss of moisture at 300 C of conditioned sample as percent.Report untapped and tapped bulk density in kilograms per cubic metre and rounded to nearest 1 kg/m3.8 PrecisionA planned trial of the method
39、was carried out in accordance with AS 2850. Samples of four smelter grade aluminas from different refineries were analysed. Results were provided in quadruplicate by six laboratories. The within laboratory (r) and between laboratory (R) precision data (at 95 % confidence limits) calculated from the
40、results are given in Table 1. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18842:2015(E)Table 1 Precision data for bulk density (moisture corrected)Bulk densityBulk density rangeRepeatabilityrReproducibilityRUntapped (kg/m3) All samples 13 31Tapped (kg/m3) All samples 14 529 Test reportThe tes
41、t report shall include the following information:a) the identification of the sample;b) a reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 18842:2015;c) the untapped bulk density for the sample;d) the tapped bulk density for the sample;e) the date on which the test was carried out;f) any unusual o
42、bservations made during the course of the test which may have had an effect on the result.4 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18842:2015(E)Dimensions are in millimetresABC123456Key1 delivery vessel2 orifice slide plate3 orifice (5,0 mm I.D.)4 delivery tube5 feed guide6 impact plateNOT
43、E A = View from beneath, B = End detail, C = Side view.Figure 1 Sample delivery apparatus ISO 2015 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18842:2015(E)312Key1 sample delivery apparatus2 receiver3 standFigure 2 Assembly of bulk density apparatus6 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18
44、842:2015(E)Bibliography1 AS 2850, Chemical analysis Interlaboratory test programs For determining precision of analytical method(s) Guide to the planning and conduct2 AS 4538.1, Guide to the sampling of alumina Sampling procedures ISO 2015 All rights reserved 7BS ISO 18842:2015ISO 18842:2015(E) ISO
45、2015 All rights reservedICS 71.100.10Price based on 7 pagesThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services.BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter. British Standards and other standa
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