1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18933:2012Imaging materials Magnetictape Care and handlingpractices for extended usageBS ISO 18933:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK im
2、plementation of ISO 18933:2012. Itsupersedes BS ISO 18933:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CPW/42, Photography.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not
3、 purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 77258 0ICS 35.220.22; 37.040.99Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity froml
4、egal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 18933:2012 ISO 2012Imaging materials Magnetic tape Care and handling practices for extended usageMatriaux
5、pour limage Bande magntique Prcautions et pratiques de manutention pour usage prolongINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18933Second edition2012-05-15Reference numberISO 18933:2012(E)BS ISO 18933:2012ISO 18933:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012All rights reserved. Unles
6、s otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO cop
7、yright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 18933:2012ISO 18933:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword . vIntroduction . vi1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Ter
8、ms and definitions . 14 Tape pack integrity 54.1 General . 54.2 Common pack problems . 54.3 Pack tension . 64.4 Tape winding speed 74.5 Tape, hub and reel design . 85 Contamination 85.1 General . 85.2 Particulate contaminants 105.3 Gaseous contaminants 105.4 Organic contaminants 105.5 Protective cas
9、es 105.6 Field usage 106 Handling techniques . 116.1 General . 116.2 Vertical/horizontal tape orientation 116.3 Handling access 116.4 Use of force .126.5 Tape condition 126.6 General handling .137 Environment .137.1 General .137.2 Temperature and humidity 137.3 Air quality 147.4 Magnetic fields .147
10、.5 Light exposure .157.6 Acclimatization .157.7 Marginal environments 158 Inspection 168.1 General .168.2 Seven-step physical inspection 169 Cleaning and maintenance .179.1 General .179.2 Tape cleaning indicators .189.3 Tape cleaning frequency .189.4 Debris removal from tape 189.5 Adhesive contamina
11、nts on tape 189.6 Biological contaminants on tape 199.7 Record/playback machine maintenance .199.8 Transports for master tapes .199.9 Manufacturers recommendations 199.10 Cleaning cassettes 199.11 Hand cleaning .1910 Transportation 1910.1 General .1910.2 Tape preparation before transport 19BS ISO 18
12、933:2012ISO 18933:2012(E)iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved10.3 Transport methods 2010.4 General exposure 2110.5 External fields and security scanning of material 2111 Disasters 2111.1 General .2111.2 Water .2211.3 Fire .2211.4 Dry debris 2211.5 Disaster response .2212 Staff training .2312.1 Purpose 23
13、12.2 Training paths .2312.3 Schedule for training 2412.4 Update of training 2412.5 Content of training 2413 Minimum handling requirements checklist 2413.1 General .2413.2 Dos .2413.3 Do nots 25Bibliography .26BS ISO 18933:2012ISO 18933:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardi
14、zation) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to b
15、e represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standar
16、ds are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Interna
17、tional Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 18933 was p
18、repared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 18933:2006), of which it constitutes a minor revision with the following changes:1) Annex A has been removed, to be consistent with same change made in other ISO/TC 42 standards.2) I
19、n Clause 2, the titles of ISO 14644-1 and ISO 14644-2 have been updated to reflect the latest versions.3) In the definition for backcoat (3.2), “increase friction” has been changed to “modify friction”.4) The terminological entry for class 100 000 cleanroom (formerly 3.10) has been removed and the r
20、emaining terms re-numbered. The reference to a “class 100 000” cleanroom has been added to 7.3.3 Cleanroom specifications.5) In the definition for master (now 3.26; formerly 3.27), “e.g. camera master, edited master, foreign language master” has been moved into an example.6) In the definition for ta
21、pe pack (now 3.43; formerly 3.44), “length of magnetic tape” has been changed to “magnetic tape wound on a reel or hub”.7) The terminological entry for wind (formerly 3.45) included two separate definitions; it has been split into two entries (3.44 and 3.45), differentiated by the use of parts of sp
22、eech.8) The terminological entry for windows (formerly 3.46) included three definitions; the first has been retained and the singular tense has been used.9) In 4.5.2 Backcoat surface of the tape, “increases friction” has been changed to “modifies friction”. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS ISO 18933
23、:2012ISO 18933:2012(E)IntroductionThis International Standard is one of a series of International Standards dealing with the physical properties and stability of imaging materials.Magnetic recording tape has served as a major means of processing, distributing and preserving information, including vi
24、deo, audio, computer and other data since the 1930s. Unlike earlier data-recording media such as paper and photographic material, the information recorded on magnetic tape is not directly human-readable and requires a machine interface and interpretation. In addition, the machine/medium interface mu
25、st occur within precise conditions in order for the machine interpretation to be accurate. Therefore, the physical integrity of magnetic tape necessary to provide a proper interface with the interpreting machinery is critical. Correct care and handling is essential to preserve the needed physical in
26、tegrity of magnetic tape both for short-term usage and long-term archiving.Magnetic tape has proven itself an easy-to-use and versatile medium. Yet despite the substantial resources put into creating recordings and the historical, intellectual and financial assets they represent, tapes often are not
27、 treated as valuable objects. Many important and unique recordings are lost due to inadequate care and handling of the tape. This poses problems for users who wish to preserve the content. Among these problems are the following.Improper handling can damage magnetic tapes and compromise the future ab
28、ility to retrieve content.Due to the enormous volume of existing tapes, the impracticality and cost of making copies of each and every one frequently results in large numbers of unique records being subjected to excessive use and wear without any back-up or protection. Repeated use of magnetic tape
29、can cause wear or physical damage that shortens its effective life.Some magnetic tapes are known to have a finite shelf life and will eventually decay. Recorded documents on these tapes must be copied to new media before decay precludes access.The ability to play back a tape in the future depends on
30、 the existence of functional playback equipment. As new tape formats become popular, equipment manufacturers discontinue the production and support of older, superseded equipment. Eventually, usable equipment to play older, obsolete magnetic tape formats becomes impossible to find. Before this occur
31、s, a migration plan should be in place.Like all media, magnetic tape is subject to both damage and decay. Consequently, its effective life can increase or decrease significantly depending on the conditions under which it is stored and handled. This International Standard contains recommendations for
32、 the care and handling of magnetic tape. Recommendations for the preservation and storage of polyester-base magnetic tape appear in ISO 18923. Following these recommendations promotes the physical integrity of the media and increases the effective life of magnetic tape.vi ISO 2012 All rights reserve
33、dBS ISO 18933:2012Imaging materials Magnetic tape Care and handling practices for extended usage1 ScopeThis International Standard concerns the care and handling of magnetic recording tape during use. It addresses the issues of physical integrity of the medium necessary to preserve access to the dat
34、a (information) recorded on the tape. This International Standard recommends handling procedures to maximize the effective life of magnetic tape. Faulty handling, packing and transporting techniques and methods often cause damage to magnetic tape and the content recorded thereon. Extending the longe
35、vity of magnetic tape requires the identification of appropriate handling methods and well-developed training programmes.While some of the recommendations in this International Standard, such as staff training, apply specifically to large-scale or archival usage, the basics of all recommendations in
36、 this document can and should be applied in all circumstances where the desired result is long-term usage of the medium whether archival, commercial or personal.This International Standard addresses the following subjects: handling techniques, including common hazards and methods to mitigate those h
37、azards; handling environments, including pollutants, temperature and humidity, lighting, magnetic fields and robotics; use of tape, including inspection, playback, mounting/loading and removing, winding speed, tension and robotic systems; cleaning and maintenance techniques, including contaminants,
38、cleaning methods and frequency; transportation, both in-house and shipping outside the storage facility; disasters, including water, fire, construction and post-disaster procedures; staff training, including schedule for training and contents of the training programme; archival issues.2 Normative re
39、ferencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 14644-1, Cleanrooms and associated con
40、trolled environments Part 1: Classification of air cleanliness by particle concentrationISO 14644-2, Cleanrooms and associated controlled environments Part 2: Specifications for monitoring and periodic testing to prove continued compliance with ISO 14644-1ISO 18923, Imaging materials Polyester-base
41、magnetic tape Storage practices3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18933:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 18933:2012ISO 18933:2012(E)3.1acclimatizationstagingprocess of conditioning material from o
42、ne set of temperature/moisture conditions to another3.2backcoatrough surface layer added to the back of the basefilm to modify friction and minimize slippage between tape strands3.3basefilmbaseplastic (polymer) substrate to which the magnetic layers are attached3.4binderplastic (polymer) in which th
43、e magnetic particles are bound in order to create the recording layers of the tape and which binds the recording layers to the basefilm3.5carriermedium upon which the information is recorded3.6carton boxouter container that can hold one or more individual units and may be a fabrication of paper, car
44、d stock or plastic3.7cartridgehousing for a roll of recording material, such as photographic film or magnetic tape, wound on a single hub or reelSee cassette (3.8).3.8cassettehousing for a roll of recording material, such as photographic film or magnetic tape, whose ends are attached to two hubs or
45、reels3.9cinchingtape folding back upon itself within the tape pack3.10conditioningexposure of a specimen to air at a given relative humidity and temperature until equilibrium is reached3.11containerbox, can or carton used for storage and shipping of recording materialsNOTE Reels, cassettes, cartridg
46、es, or shells are not containers; the box into which a reel, cassette, cartridge or shell is placed is defined as a container.3.12copyreproduction of the information from a master3.13domainmagnetic domaincluster of the embedded magnetic particles which all align in the same north-south direction2 IS
47、O 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 18933:2012ISO 18933:2012(E)3.14extended-term storage conditionsstorage conditions suitable for the preservation of recorded information having permanent value3.15flangefixed or removable circular disc that is connected to the hub to make a reel for the purpose of pro
48、tecting the roll of recording materialsSee reel (3.33).3.16flange packcondition where the whole tape pack rests against one flange3.17formatdimensions of the magnetic recording and its assembly as well as the physical and magnetic specifications of the recording on the tape3.18heads outconfiguration
49、 of magnetic tape stored on its reel or in its cassette such that the tape is positioned to play from the beginning of the recorded information3.19hubcylindrical object around which the recording material is wound3.20hydrolysisdecomposition involving a reaction with water that results in the splitting of chemical bonds3.21leaderflexible plastic or paper strip which can be spliced to either end of a roll of recording materialNOTE This practice is not recommended for extended-term storage.3.22leafingmultiple popped strands
