1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 19027:2016Design principles forcommunication support boardusing pictorial symbolsBS ISO 19027:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 19027:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Com
2、mittee CH/173, Assistive products for persons with disability.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
3、The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 86772 9 ICS 13.180 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 3
4、1 January 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 19027:2016 ISO 2016Design principles for communication support board using pictorial symbolsPrincipes de conception pour le conseil de support de communication utilisant des symboles illustrsINTERNATIONAL
5、 STANDARDISO19027First edition2016-01-15Reference numberISO 19027:2016(E)BS ISO 19027:2016ISO 19027:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or u
6、tilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyr
7、ight officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 19027:2016ISO 19027:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Terms and definitions . 13 Basic configuration of a communication support board 13.1 Bo
8、ard . 13.2 Indication item 24 Principles of designing pictorial symbols 5Annex A (informative) Example of creation of original forms of pictorial symbols Basic pattern 10Annex B (informative) Combination of pictorial symbols, photos and illustrations .12Annex C (informative) Classification 1 of comm
9、unication support boards 14Annex D (informative) Classification 2 of communication support boards .19Annex E (informative) Examples of typefaces 23Bibliography .24 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 19027:2016ISO 19027:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardi
10、zation) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to b
11、e represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used t
12、o develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of t
13、he ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified du
14、ring the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the me
15、aning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 17
16、3, Assistive products for persons with disability, Subcommittee SC 7, Accessible design.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 19027:2016ISO 19027:2016(E)IntroductionThis International Standard provides design principles for usable communication support boards that assist in transcending regional/cul
17、tural and linguistic barriers and is of substantial benefit for those persons who is to rely on a visual strategy to express their communicative intent.A communication support board is a tool designed for the use of visual symbols (such as pictorial symbols) to facilitate communication and social in
18、teraction when expressive/receptive communication is limited due to physical or linguistic barriers.Pictorial symbols, as visual expressions internationally, remove communication barriers in daily life when the characteristics of the pictorial symbols are easy to understand and able to be applied re
19、gardless of regional/cultural differences.There are several user groups of pictorial symbols ranging from those who have poor or no communication abilities to those who require enhanced communication support.It is important that the symbols used for the communication board correspond with the symbol
20、s visible in the environment to facilitate communication for the individual using the communication board in society.In addition, the usage of communication support boards encourages inclusiveness in society for the user. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 19027:2016BS ISO 19027:2016Design princip
21、les for communication support board using pictorial symbols1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies basic configurations for communication support boards, which are necessary to facilitate communication. A variety of communication support boards can be designed for specific communication purpose
22、s.This International Standard specifies basic elements common to different types of formats/media, such as simple boards, book style or digital media. This International Standard does not regulate any specific design or any specific pictorial symbols for communication support boards.As for design pr
23、inciples of pictorial symbols, this International Standard introduces examples of design principles applicable when designing and developing pictorial symbols.NOTE Examples of basic pattern used to create pictorial symbols are shown in Annex A. Examples of communication support boards using pictoria
24、l symbols are shown in Annexes B and C.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.2.1graphical symbolvisually perceptible figure with a particular meaning used to transmit information independently of languageSOURCE: ISO 17724:20032.2pictorial
25、 symbolvisual figure which comprises representational and abstract symbols, sometimes used in multiple combinations2.3communication support boardtool to support persons who have difficulties communicatingNote 1 to entry: It can be used in various situations and places, such as for private, public an
26、d educational usage.Note 2 to entry: This includes difficulties communicating orally or when language is a barrier to express communicative intent.3 Basic configuration of a communication support board3.1 Boarda) SizeSize should be suitable for the intended users and intended usage.b) MaterialA comm
27、unication support board can be made of paper or plastic.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19027:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 19027:2016ISO 19027:2016(E)In case of paper, surface lamination is recommended to facilitate writing necessary matters and erasing such when needed.c) Formats/mediaTh
28、ere are various types of formats/media that can be used:1) a single page communication support board;2) a book-style is more practical especially when several pages are required;3) digital media.When the communication support board is composed of several pages, it is recommended to be classified by
29、category, such as transport facilities, food and drink, sequences of daily life, etc.NOTE Examples of communication support boards are given in Annex C.d) Background colourIt is advisable to use white background. However, a coloured background of a board, exclusive of the symbols, can be used for ef
30、fect.When multiple symbols are being displayed on a single board, then it is advisable to use white background for the board, to contrast with the background of individual symbols which are mostly in black.NOTE Examples of coloured backgrounds are given in Figure C.6.3.2 Indication itema) TitleA tit
31、le should be located at the upper part of a communication support board so that the intended use might be easily understood. It should be presented in the first screen in digital media. The title can consist of pictorial symbols and/or text.b) TypefaceA typeface for use on a communication support bo
32、ard should be carefully chosen, based on the following guidelines:1) sans serif typeface or typeface with very small serifs;2) regular or bold weight.NOTE Examples of typefaces are shown in Annex E.c) LanguageWhen text is needed, it should be written in the official language/languages of the country
33、. In order to facilitate the usage of a communication support board, text could be translated in English. In case of using multi-languages, it should be limited to four languages on a single board.In digital media, change of multiple languages should be realized by changing screen or configuration.d
34、) Pictorial symbols1) The design of symbols on one board should be consistent.2) Symbols should be in contrast to the background and responsive to safety colours.3) Pictorial symbols should be clear, crisp and bold.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 19027:2016ISO 19027:2016(E)When using pictures o
35、r photos in any case, they should be of high quality.e) Layout of pictorial symbols1) Framing pictorial symbols within the same category in one box should be distinguished from other information (e.g. text or symbols) and arranged sequentially.2) In order to make each symbol clear and recognizable,
36、the number of pictorial symbols should be appropriate according to size of formats/media.NOTE Examples are shown in Figure C.4.3) Pictorial symbols, regarding safety and emergency, which have high priority, should be arranged in the uppermost section of a communication support board.4) Combination o
37、f pictorial symbols and graphical symbols can be used.5) Combination of pictorial symbols, photos and illustrations can be used.6) Animation features can be used in digital media.7) Pictorial symbols to indicate common answers and phrases on individual boards, such as Yes, No and No idea, should be
38、placed to facilitate conversation.NOTE Examples of combination of pictorial symbols, photos and illustrations are given in Annex B.f) CaptionsWhen using captions to explain the meaning of pictorial symbols, they should be located at upper or lower areas of pictorial symbols.g) Blank spaceBlank space
39、 to write supplemental issues can be provided at the front or the back of communication support board.h) PublisherInformation about the publisher and where inquiries can be made should be placed at the lower part or at the back of a communication support board. In digital media, it should be present
40、ed on the last screen. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 19027:2016ISO 19027:2016(E)123456Key1 combination of pictorial symbols and graphical symbols2 captions to explain the meaning of pictorial symbols3 information about the publisher and where inquiries can be made4 high priority pictorial sym
41、bols shoul be arranged in the uppermost section5 blank space to write supplemental issues6 common answer and phrasesFigure 1 Layout sample4 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 19027:2016ISO 19027:2016(E)4 Principles of designing pictorial symbolsThe following principles relate to the design of pictor
42、ial symbols.a) ConsistencyWhen creating new pictorial symbols, consistency should be maintained with existing pictorial symbols and pictorial symbols of the same category. If conventional symbols, which are widely used in society, are applicable as pictorial symbols, it is imperative that harmonizat
43、ion between them should be examined. If the symbols are accepted as International Standards, then special consideration should be made to avoid confusion with other pictorial symbols (see Figures 2 and 3).NOTE See ISO 7001. Figure 2 Telephone Figure 3 Telephoneb) Solid colour or silhouetteIn princip
44、le, a pictorial symbol should be drawn in white on black background (see Figures 4 and 5). However, drawing in black on white background can be used.Figure 4 Black background Figure 5 Objects drawn in white (Pharmacy)c) Simple expressionsA pictorial symbol should be drawn simply and clearly. It shou
45、ld express essential characteristics so as to be readily identified by the observer to facilitate communication (see Figures 6 and 7).Figure 6 Dog Figure 7 Have a stomach ache ISO 2016 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 19027:2016ISO 19027:2016(E)d) Contrast expressionsPaired concepts (e.g. big and small)
46、can be illustrated together to enhance comprehensibility (see Figures 8 and 9).Figure 8 Big Figure 9 Smalle) Clarification of main themesWhen a part of a group is illustrated in a pictorial symbol, the principal objects should be the focus in white, while the other objects can be drawn with white li
47、nes (see Figures 10 and 11).Figure 10 Friend Figure 11 Riding teacherf) Detailed expressionsIt is important to pay attention to typical characteristics for communication purposes, such as a pedal of a bicycle, an engine of a motorbike, stems of a persimmon and a tomato when illustrating similar obje
48、cts in a category (see Figures 12, 13, 14 and 15).Figure 12 Bicycle Figure 13 Motorcycle6 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 19027:2016ISO 19027:2016(E)Figure 14 Persimmon Figure 15 Tomatog) Thickness of linesFor one pictorial symbol, preferably no more than two kinds of thickness should be used to
49、draw lines (see Figures 16 and 17). Details of drawing pictorial symbols are shown in Annex A.Figure 16 Amusement park Figure 17 Supermarketh) Natural descriptionPictorial symbols representing living creatures or nature should maintain the essential characteristics (see Figures 18 and 19).Figure 18 River Figure 19 BirdPictorial symbols of human characteristics should be representative of natural human forms (see Figures 20 and 21).Figure 20 Man Figure 21 Running ISO 2016 All rights reserved 7BS I
