1、Paints and varnishes WettabilityPart 3: Determination of the surface tension of liquids using the pendant drop methodBS ISO 19403-3:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 ISO 2017Paints and varnishes Wettability Part 3: Determination of the surface tens
2、ion of liquids using the pendant drop methodPeintures et vernis Mouillabilit Partie 3: Dtermination de la tension superficielle des liquides par la mthode de la goutte pendanteINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO19403-3First edition2017-06Reference numberISO 19403-3:2017(E)National forewordThis British Standar
3、d is the UK implementation of ISO 19403-3:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/10, Test methods for paints.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include a
4、ll the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 87396 6ICS 01.040.87; 87.040Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Thi
5、s British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 19403-3:2017 ISO 2017Paints and varnishes Wettability Part 3: Determination of the surface tensio
6、n of liquids using the pendant drop methodPeintures et vernis Mouillabilit Partie 3: Dtermination de la tension superficielle des liquides par la mthode de la goutte pendanteINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO19403-3First edition2017-06Reference numberISO 19403-3:2017(E)BS ISO 19403-3:2017ISO 19403-3:2017(E)i
7、i ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
8、on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749
9、 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 19403-3:2017ISO 19403-3:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by
10、any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 40
11、1CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgISO 19403-3:2017(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 15 Apparatus and materials 16 Sampling 37 Procedure. 37.1 General . 37.1.1 Setting up the d
12、rop contour analysis device 37.1.2 Test conditions. 47.2 Determination of the surface tension of the liquid 47.2.1 Preparations 47.2.2 Procedure . 48 Evaluation 49 Precision . 59.1 General . 59.2 Repeatability limit, r . 59.3 Reproducibility limit, R . 510 Test report . 5Annex A (informative) Densit
13、y of test liquids . 7Annex B (informative) Shape parameter, B 8Annex C (informative) Details of an interlaboratory test . 9Bibliography .12 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 19403-3:2017ISO 19403-3:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwi
14、de federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on tha
15、t committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this docum
16、ent and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directive
17、s, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the developm
18、ent of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature
19、 of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.This docu
20、ment was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General test methods for paints and varnishes.A list of all parts in the ISO 19403 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 19403-3:2017ISO 19403-3:2017(E)ForewordISO (the
21、 International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committe
22、e has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechni
23、cal standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in
24、 accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights
25、. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constit
26、ute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see th
27、e following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General test methods for paints and varnishes.A list of all parts in the ISO 19403 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights r
28、eserved INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19403-3:2017(E)Paints and varnishes Wettability Part 3: Determination of the surface tension of liquids using the pendant drop method1 ScopeThis document specifies a test method to measure the surface tension of liquids with an optical method using the pendant drop
29、. The method can be applied for the characterization of liquid coating materials. The applicability can be restricted for liquids with non-Newtonian rheology1).NOTE For other methods to determine the surface tension, see e.g. EN 14370 and ISO 1409.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are re
30、ferred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2811 (all parts), Paints
31、 and varnishes Determination of densityISO 4618, Paints and varnishes Terms and definitionsISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes SamplingISO 19403-1, Paints and varnishes Wettability Part 1: Terminology and general principles3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes o
32、f this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4618 and ISO 19403-1 apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p
33、 :/ www .iso .org/ obp4 PrincipleOne drop of the respective liquids to be tested is captured hanging from a needle, where the drop shall deviate significantly from the spherical shape due to its own mass. The surface tension is calculated from the shape of the pendant drop in accordance with the You
34、ng-Laplace equation.The polar and disperse fractions of the surface tension can be determined with at least two methods, which are specified in ISO 19403-4 and ISO 19403-5.5 Apparatus and materialsOrdinary laboratory apparatus, together with the following.1) This term is defined in DIN 1342-1. ISO 2
35、017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 19403-3:2017ISO 19403-3:2017(E)5.1 Drop contour analysis system, for measuring the surface tension of pendant drops.Any state-of-the-art drop contour analysis system with digital image capture and analysis. Figure 1 shows a schematic example of a drop contour analysis
36、 system.Key1 light source2 graduaded micro syringe3 optical system4 screenFigure 1 Example of a drop contour analysis systemThe image capturing system should be oriented in a way that the optimal image resolution ratio (ratio of width and height) can be used.NOTE The device used can differ from the
37、schematic diagram in regard to light path and the set-up of the components.5.2 Dosing unit.The dosing unit makes it possible to dose a pendant liquid drop, which deviates significantly from the spherical shape due to its own mass, on a circular-cylindrical needle with constant thickness within the d
38、etection area of the camera.For measuring the surface tension on the pendant drop, usually a larger outside diameter of the needle is needed than for measuring the contact angle on the horizontal drop. The outside diameters of the needle used shall be in the range between 0,5 mm and 2,5 mm. The outs
39、ide diameter of the needle to be chosen depends on the relationship between the surface tension, , and the density difference of the liquid to the ambient phase, . The higher the quotient /, the larger shall be the outside diameter of the needle. The dependence of the outside diameter of the needle,
40、 d, on the quotient of surface tension and density difference of the phases involved / is illustrated in Figure 2.2 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 19403-3:2017ISO 19403-3:2017(E)5.1 Drop contour analysis system, for measuring the surface tension of pendant drops.Any state-of-the-art drop contour
41、 analysis system with digital image capture and analysis. Figure 1 shows a schematic example of a drop contour analysis system.Key1 light source2 graduaded micro syringe3 optical system4 screenFigure 1 Example of a drop contour analysis systemThe image capturing system should be oriented in a way th
42、at the optimal image resolution ratio (ratio of width and height) can be used.NOTE The device used can differ from the schematic diagram in regard to light path and the set-up of the components.5.2 Dosing unit.The dosing unit makes it possible to dose a pendant liquid drop, which deviates significan
43、tly from the spherical shape due to its own mass, on a circular-cylindrical needle with constant thickness within the detection area of the camera.For measuring the surface tension on the pendant drop, usually a larger outside diameter of the needle is needed than for measuring the contact angle on
44、the horizontal drop. The outside diameters of the needle used shall be in the range between 0,5 mm and 2,5 mm. The outside diameter of the needle to be chosen depends on the relationship between the surface tension, , and the density difference of the liquid to the ambient phase, . The higher the qu
45、otient /, the larger shall be the outside diameter of the needle. The dependence of the outside diameter of the needle, d, on the quotient of surface tension and density difference of the phases involved / is illustrated in Figure 2.2 ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 19403-3:2017(E)Keyd outside diam
46、eter of the needle, in mm/ quotients from surface tension and density difference of the phases involved, in (mN/m)/g cm31 maximal outside diameter of the needle2 optimal outside diameter of the needle3 minimal outside diameter of the needleFigure 2 Diagram of the outside diameter of the needle, d, i
47、n dependence of the quotient from surface tension and density difference of the phases involved /6 SamplingTake a representative sample of the liquid to be tested in accordance with ISO 15528.7 Procedure7.1 General7.1.1 Setting up the drop contour analysis deviceChoose the location of the drop conto
48、ur analysis device, so that it is exposed to no vibrations, no intense air flows (e.g. caused by air conditioning), and no intense exposure to light from outside (e.g. windows, bright lighting).Align the drop contour analysis device horizontally. ISO 2017 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 19403-3:2017ISO
49、19403-3:2017(E)Obtain the value of the local acceleration of gravity of the installation location and enter in the respective position of the manufacturer software.7.1.2 Test conditionsConduct the test at (23 2) C and a relative humidity of (50 5) % (see ISO 3270) and make sure that all test media have this temperature.7.2 Determination of the surface tension of the liquid7.2.1 PreparationsIn case it is not given, obtain the density of the liquid and ambient phase in
