1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 20202:2004 Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold and tepid ramming pastes Preparation of baked test pieces and determination of loss on baking ICS 71.100.10 BS ISO 20202:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Po
2、licy and Strategy Committee on 23 December 2004 BSI 23 December 2004 ISBN 0 580 45152 6 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 20202:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/24, Raw m
3、aterials for the aluminium industry, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the
4、BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible fo
5、r its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK int
6、erests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copy
7、right notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 20202:2004(E)NINRETOITALAN ADNATSDR ISO 22020 tide tsriFino -400251-70 Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold
8、and tepid ramming pastes Preparation of baked test pieces and determination of loss on baking Produits carbons utiliss pour la production de laluminium Ptes de brasquage froides et tides Prparation dprouvettes cuites et dtermination de la perte la cuisson Referecne unbmer OSI 20202:002)E(4 OSI 4002I
9、NTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20202 First edition 2004-07-15 obraCnecasuo lairetamesu sd in hte dorpitcuno a folimunuiC mold nad ipetmar dmnig setsap aperP rnoita fo dekab sett ceipdna se edimretnoitafo n o ssoln bnikag rPudosti carbosn tulisis pruo al rpdocuoitn de alluminui m Ptse ed rbsagauqrf eoised
10、 t teidse rP raptanoi dprvuottees cuseti et retdminaitd noe la pert e c alusisno BSISO20202:2004 ii BSISO20202:2004 iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Sta
11、ndards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also
12、take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees
13、 is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibi
14、lity that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 20202 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 47, Chemistry, Subcommittee SC 7, Aluminium oxide, cryolite, aluminium fluoride,
15、sodium fluoride, carbonaceous products for the aluminium industry. BSISO20202:2004blankINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:20202 O4002(E)1Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold and tepid ramming pastes Preparation of baked test pieces and determination of loss on baking 1 Scope This I
16、nternational Standard describes a method of baking green test specimens made by compacting carbonaceous ramming pastes. It includes the baking procedure (heating rate and holding time) and the determination of the loss on baking (relative mass loss). Baked test specimens of ramming paste need to be
17、prepared for the determination of properties after baking, for instance apparent density, crushing strength and porosity. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undate
18、d references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 4955, Heat-resisting steels and alloys ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility
19、of a standard measurement method ISO 14422, Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold-ramming pastes Methods of sampling ISO 14427, Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium Cold and tepid ramming pastes Preparation of unbaked test specimens and determination o
20、f apparent density after compaction ASTM E 220, Standard Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples by Comparison Techniques 3 Principle Compacted test specimens of carbonaceous ramming paste are baked in a furnace by raising the temperature at a specified rate to 1 000 C and holding the temperatu
21、re at this value for 2 h. The mass of each test specimen is measured before and after baking and the loss on baking calculated. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Balance, accurate to 0,1 g. 4.2 Furnace, e.g. an electrically heated muffle furnace or chamber furnace, with a temperature-control facility enabling it to m
22、eet the requirements given in Clause 6. BSISO20202:20042 4.3 Baking container with cover, capable of holding the test specimens and made from heat-resistant steel (e.g. X15CrNiSi2521 steel as specified in ISO 4955). The distance between the test specimens and between the test specimens and the conta
23、iner walls shall not be less than 10 mm. An example of a suitable container is shown in Figure 1. 4.4 Packing material, consisting of electrographite or calcined petroleum coke, maximum particle size 1 mm. 4.5 Temperature-measuring device, capable of determining the temperature to within 5 C up to 1
24、 000 C, e.g. a type K or S thermocouple calibrated in accordance with ASTM E 220. 5 Sampling Sample the paste in accordance with ISO 14422. Prepare the test specimens in accordance ISO 14427. 6 Procedure Determine the mass m 0of each unbaked test specimen to the nearest 0,1 g. Insert the test specim
25、ens in the baking container (4.3). Surround the test specimens on all sides by at least 10 mm of packing material (4.4). Insert the container, with its cover fitted, into the furnace (4.2). Heat the furnace in accordance with the heating programme given in Table 1. Table 1 Heating programme Temperat
26、ure range Heating rate Initial rate of heating Room temperature to 500 C (35 5) C h 1Subsequent rate of heating 500 C to 1 000 C (100 10) C h 1Keep the furnace at a final temperature of (1 000 10) C for 2 h to ensure that all the test specimens reach this temperature. Then allow the furnace to cool
27、down to room temperature. Take the test specimens out of the baking container. Remove any packing material which may be sticking to the surface of the test specimens. Determine the mass m 1of each baked test specimen to 0,1 g. 7 Expression of results Calculate the relative mass loss during the bakin
28、g process, called the loss on baking, using the following equation: 01 0 100 mm w m = (1) where w is the loss on baking, expressed as a mass fraction in %; m 0is the mass of the green test specimen, in g; m 1is the mass of the baked test specimen, in g. Round the results to the nearest 0,1 % (absolu
29、te). BSISO20202:2004 38 Precision (determined in accordance with ISO 5725-2) Repeatability (r) = 0,9 % (absolute) Reproducibility (R) = 2,3 % (absolute) The number of degrees of freedom, i.e. number of laboratories (6) number of samples (4), was 24. NOTE The precision will be influenced by variabili
30、ty in the material. 9 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this International Standard; b) all details necessary for identification of the sample tested; c) the temperature used for preparation of the green test specimens; d) the results of the test,
31、 i.e. the loss on baking; e) the date of the test; f) details of any unusual features noted during the determination; g) details of any operation not included in this International Standard or regarded as optional. BSISO20202:20044 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 test specimen 2 packing material 3 t
32、hermocouple Figure 1 Example of a baking container for four specimens BSISO20202:2004blankBS ISO 20202:2004 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standard
33、s in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of
34、our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9000. Fax: +44 (0)20 899
35、6 7400. BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards. Buying standards Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Customer Services. Tel: +44 (0)20
36、8996 9001. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001. Email: ordersbsi-. Standards are also available from the BSI website at http:/www.bsi-. In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless otherwise r
37、equested. Information on standards BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service. Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give details on all its products and ser
38、vices. Contact the Information Centre. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7111. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7048. Email: infobsi-. Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For details of these and other benefits contact
39、 Membership Administration. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7002. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001. Email: membershipbsi-. Information regarding online access to British Standards via British Standards Online can be found at http:/www.bsi- Further information about BSI is available on the BSI website at http:/www.bsi-.
40、 Copyright Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of the publications of the international standardization bodies. Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmi
41、tted in any form or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission from BSI. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained. Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Manager. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7070. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7553. Email: copyrightbsi-.
