1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 21072-3:2010Ships and marine technology Marine environmentprotection: performancetesting of oil skimmersPart 3: High viscosity oilBS ISO 21072-3:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNatio
2、nal forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 21072-3:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee SME/32/-/2, Ships and marine technology - Maritimeenvironment protection.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on
3、request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 57708 6ICS 13.020.99; 47.020.99Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.Thi
4、s British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 21072-3:2010Reference numberISO 21072-3:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO21072-3First edition2010-03-01Ships and mari
5、ne technology Marine environment protection: performance testing of oil skimmers Part 3: High viscosity oil Navires et technologie maritime Protection de lenvironnement marin: essais de performance des cumeurs du ptrole Partie 3: Ptrole haute densit BS ISO 21072-3:2010ISO 21072-3:2010(E) PDF disclai
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9、ED DOCUMENT ISO 2010 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs memb
10、er body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 21072-3:2010ISO 21072-3:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights rese
11、rved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Test facility requirements.2 4.1 General .2 4.2 Oil properties .2 4.3 Air and water temperature3 4.4 Oil slick thickness .3 4.5 Measuring tanks 3 5 Clearance requirements3 6 Test parameters
12、.3 6.1 General .3 6.2 Test oil properties .3 6.3 Oil slick thickness .4 6.4 Skimmer operating parameters .4 6.5 Debris interference4 6.6 Skimmer movement through slick.5 7 Test procedures.5 7.1 Preparations prior to testing 5 7.2 Actions during testing period 6 7.3 Actions after testing6 8 Performan
13、ce parameters 6 8.1 General .6 8.2 Fluid recovery rate 6 8.3 Oil recovery testing rate .7 8.4 Oil recovery efficiency 7 9 Measurements and reporting .7 9.1 General .7 9.2 Oil properties .7 9.3 Environmental parameters .7 9.4 Skimmer operating parameters .7 9.5 Other test parameters .8 9.6 Recovery p
14、arameters8 9.7 Performance parameters (calculated parameters) 8 9.8 Equipment specification and test documentation .8 10 Quality control .8 10.1 Test duration and fluid volume 8 10.2 Repetitions .9 Bibliography10 BS ISO 21072-3:2010ISO 21072-3:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the
15、 International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committe
16、e has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechni
17、cal standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member b
18、odies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying a
19、ny or all such patent rights. ISO 21072-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 2, Marine environment protection. ISO 21072 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ships and marine technology Marine environment protection: perform
20、ance testing of oil skimmers: Part 1: Moving water conditions Part 2: Static water conditions Part 3: High viscosity oil BS ISO 21072-3:2010ISO 21072-3:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction ISO 21072 standardizes performance testing of oil skimmers used in marine pollution control. Some
21、 oil skimmers have previously been performance tested under non-standard conditions and procedures, with declared performance parameters being of limited value to the end user, especially under field conditions. ISO 21072 provides for carrying out and recording the results of full-scale tests for a
22、skimmer under a variety of test conditions. BS ISO 21072-3:2010BS ISO 21072-3:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21072-3:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Ships and marine technology Marine environment protection: performance testing of oil skimmers Part 3: High viscosity oil 1 Scope This part of IS
23、O 21072 specifies a methodology for establishing quantitative performance data for oil skimmers for recovery of oil with high viscosity, so the end user can objectively judge, compare and evaluate the design and performance of different skimmers. The methodology applies to testing in a basin and req
24、uires control of oil properties and oil slick characteristics. The method is applicable to all types of skimmer provided that the equipment dimensions are within the physical limitations of the test basin. The test procedure provides full-scale test results for the unit tested, under controlled cond
25、itions, and for one or more classes of highly viscous oil. Attention is drawn to the care required when applying the test results to predict a realistic skimmer performance under field conditions. For dedicated/inbuilt systems the test procedures outlined in this part of ISO 21072 are only applicabl
26、e to the skimming device as such, not the entire skimming system. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced docum
27、ent (including any amendments) applies. ISO 16165, Ships and marine technology Marine environment protection Terminology relating to oil spill response ISO 21072-1, Ships and marine technology Marine environment protection: performance testing of oil skimmers Part 1: Moving water conditions 3 Terms
28、and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16165, ISO 21072-1 and the following apply. 3.1 high viscosity oil oil that due to its properties does not readily flow to a skimmer BS ISO 21072-3:2010ISO 21072-3:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved4 Test f
29、acility requirements 4.1 General This part of ISO 21072 is applicable to any test arrangement that allows for the control and monitoring of the test conditions specified. Figure 1 gives examples of test arrangements. a) Test tank set-up prior to commencement of test and under test conditions b) Skim
30、mer moving through oil slick under test conditions Key 1 skimmer body 2 pick-up/entrance of oil to skimmer 3 test oil 4 removable barrier Figure 1 Examples of test arrangements The test facility shall be designed and equipped to control the parameters listed in 4.2 to 4.5. 4.2 Oil properties The fac
31、ility shall be able to maintain the oil properties for the duration of the test. Analytical equipment shall be available for measuring oil properties (see 9.1). BS ISO 21072-3:2010ISO 21072-3:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 34.3 Air and water temperature Testing may be carried out at any water
32、temperature, provided that requirements with respect to oil properties are met. The facility shall be able to maintain the water temperature in the test basin at a selected test temperature with maximum variation of 2 C throughout the testing period. 4.4 Oil slick thickness The test facility shall i
33、ncorporate means of measuring oil slick thickness before and after the test, with an accuracy of at least 20 %. 4.5 Measuring tanks In order to provide for sufficient replicates during the test process, the test facility shall incorporate a sufficient number of calibrated tanks for accurately measur
34、ing fluid recovery rate, oil recovery rate, and water uptake. The tank volumes shall correspond to the expected recovery rate of the unit to be tested so as to provide data collection periods of sufficient duration and with sufficient measuring accuracy (see 10.1). 5 Clearance requirements Throughou
35、t testing, to minimize any effect on oil flow to the unit or otherwise impede normal operation, there shall be sufficient clearance between the skimmer and the tank walls and any containment device. The side clearance shall at all times be at least 50 % of the extreme width (diameter or equivalent d
36、imension) of the skimmer under test. The clearance between the unit and the tank floor shall be sufficient to not interfere with normal operation of the skimmer. 6 Test parameters 6.1 General Testing shall establish quantitative performance data for the unit as a function of the following parameters
37、: test oil properties; oil slick thickness; skimmer operating parameters; debris interference; forward movement of skimmer through slick. 6.2 Test oil properties Viscosity is the main property for the test oil, regardless of the water content, provided that testing is carried out with oils meeting t
38、he specifications given in Table 1. Oil and emulsion viscosity shall be reported at shear rates 1,10 s1. All oils and emulsions may be reused provided that the properties of the test fluids remain within the ranges given in Table 1. BS ISO 21072-3:2010ISO 21072-3:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reserv
39、edTable 1 Ranges for oil properties and related slick parameters Oil class Target viscosity (cP)aViscosity range (cP) Density (kg/l) Slick thickness (mm) Examples 7 100 000 50 000 to 200 000 0,96 to 0,99 100 20 Emulsion of heavy fuel or clean heavy bitumen crude 8 500 000 200 000 to 700 000 0,96 to
40、0,99 100 20 Emulsion of heavy fuel or clean heavy bitumen crude 9 1 000 000 700 000 to 1 500 000 0,96 to 0,99 100 20 Bitumen aAt shear rate 1,10 s 1. 6.3 Oil slick thickness For each specific test, the slick thickness shall be within the range defined in Table 1. Slick thickness shall be measured be
41、fore and after test. 6.4 Skimmer operating parameters There are a number of operating parameters that can affect the skimmer performance, such as adhesion surface speed and its direction of rotation, inclination angles, pump flow rates, and skimmer draft. From these parameters, the main operational
42、parameters affecting performance shall be identified in order of importance. A minimum of three tests inclusive of the main operating parameter shall be conducted. 6.5 Debris interference Testing shall be carried out at one of the speeds listed in 6.6, to assess the skimmers ability to operate in th
43、e presence of various forms of debris in the oil slick. This test is qualitative in nature, assessed by a visual examination, and is intended to provide the end user with a general indication of the effects of different materials that are often found in oil spill recovery situations. Of particular i
44、nterest would be the effects of the debris on oil intake, essential mechanical elements of the unit (e.g. scrapers, wringers, pumps), and overall processing of the recovered oil. The following groups of materials shall be introduced into the oil slick individually. Their impacts shall be observed an
45、d reported. Then the material shall be cleared from the testing area before the next group is introduced. BS ISO 21072-3:2010ISO 21072-3:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 5Table 2 Materials to be introduced into oil slick Materials Specifications Ropes Two 1,0 m W 25 mm diameter polypropylene rop
46、es; Two 1,0 m W 8 mm diameter polypropylene ropes; Four 0,6 m W 75 mm diameter polypropylene ropes Soft wood pieces One board (1,0 m 50 mm 100 mm); Ten blocks (10 mm 25 mm 40 mm) Loose materials Five litres shredded of wood bark or wood shavings (size W 5 mm u 25 mm) Plastic containers Four 0,5 litr
47、e plastic soft-drink bottles; Two 3,0 litre open-top plastic containers Plastic bags Four plastic bags (of the “disposable” type used for groceries), approximately 300 mm 300 mm; Two large plastic bags (of the type used for domestic garbage), approximately 500 mm 1 000 mm 6.6 Skimmer movement throug
48、h slick Testing investigates the effect of the movement of the unit through the oil slick. Testing shall be carried out at the following relative forward-velocities. 0 m/s 0,04 m/s 0,1 m/s In addition, testing may be carried out at higher relative forward-velocities. 7 Test procedures 7.1 Preparatio
49、ns prior to testing a) Prepare the required quantity of test oil ensuring that the oil properties are according to Table 1. b) Measure and record oil properties as described in 9.2. c) Locate skimmer in tank, as indicated in Figure 1 a). d) Install oil-retaining barrier, or other means of keeping oil away from skimmer, prior to start. e) Ensure that the requirements with respect to clearances specified in Clause 5 are met. f) Preload the tank with the
