1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58mechanical sampling systemsICS 73.040Hard coal and coke Guidance to the inspection of BRITISH STAND
2、ARDBS ISO 21398:2007BS ISO 21398:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 55369 1Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsCompliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity
3、 from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 21398:2007. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PTI/16, Solid mineral fuels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its
4、secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Reference numberISO 21398:2007(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO21398First edition2007-06-01Hard coal and coke Guidance to the inspection of mechanical samp
5、ling systems Houille et coke Lignes directrices pour linspection des systmes dchantillonnage mcanique BS ISO 21398:2007ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normatives references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Safety . 2 5 General considerations 2 5.1 Precision 2 5.2 Bias. 2
6、 5.3 Operation of sampling system 2 6 Establishment of inspection system 3 6.1 General. 3 6.2 Audit External . 3 6.3 Audit Internal 4 6.4 Operational inspections. 4 7 Procedures 4 7.1 Audit External . 4 7.2 Audit Internal 5 7.3 Operational inspections. 6 8 Quality control. 6 8.1 General. 6 8.2 Sampl
7、ing ratio . 6 8.3 Coefficient of variation. 7 8.4 Extraction ratio 7 8.5 Sampling records 7 8.6 Operators inspection report . 8 Annex A (informative) Monitoring coal sampling ratios using control charts. 11 Annex B (informative) Examples of sampling checklists. 15 Annex C (informative) Example of sa
8、mpling plant operators inspection report . 18 Annex D (informative) Example of sampling plant operations inspection summary 23 Bibliography . 25 BS ISO 21398:2007iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bo
9、dies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental an
10、d non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives,
11、 Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies cas
12、ting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 21398 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 27, Solid mineral fuels, Subcommitt
13、ee SC 4, Sampling. BS ISO 21398:2007vIntroduction The objective of this International Standard is to provide users of new and existing mechanical sampling systems for minerals with guidance on their operation and inspection. An informative annex is for information and guidance only. BS ISO 21398:200
14、7blank1Hard coal and coke Guidance to the inspection of mechanical sampling systems 1 Scope This International Standard sets out recommended practices for the inspection of mechanical sampling systems. It serves as a reference for conformance with applicable ISO/TC 27 International Standards. This I
15、nternational Standard covers general considerations including precision, mineral variability and bias, establishment of inspection systems and inspection procedure. 2 Normatives references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references
16、, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 13909-1, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 1: General introduction ISO 13909-2:2001, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 2: Coal Sampling
17、from moving streams ISO 13909-3, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 3: Coal Sampling from stationary lots ISO 13909-4, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 4: Coal Preparation of test samples ISO 13909-5:2001, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 5: Coke Sampling from moving s
18、treams ISO 13909-6, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 6: Coke Preparation of test samples ISO 13909-7, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling Part 7: Methods for determining the precision of sampling, sample preparation and testing ISO 13909-8:2001, Hard coal and coke Mechanical sampling P
19、art 8: Methods of testing for bias 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13909-1 and the following apply. 3.1 audit external critical review of a mechanical sampling system, which measures its compliance with stipulated operating specificat
20、ions, undertaken by a suitably qualified independent person who is not directly involved in the management of that particular system BS ISO 21398:20072 3.2 audit internal critical review of a mechanical sampling system, which measures its compliance with stipulated operating specifications, undertak
21、en by a suitably qualified person who is not a day-to-day operator of that particular system 3.3 operational inspection observations and inspections of operation conditions undertaken by the operator during sampling of a consignment NOTE The operator is the person responsible for monitoring the samp
22、ling system on a shift-to-shift basis. 4 Safety This International Standard does not purport to address safety issues that can be associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices in line with site safety
23、 regulations and relevant Occupational Health and Safety Acts. It is highly recommended that the auditor or inspector start by conducting a careful review of all safety rules and procedures regarding the sampling system to be inspected. 5 General considerations 5.1 Precision Precision checks are rec
24、ommended for each coal or coke type used in the system. If there is a significant change in a coal or coke type or a new coal or coke type introduced, then a precision check should be carried out. The test should outline the precision of sampling, preparation and analysis of each type of material (o
25、r coal and coke) sampled with the system. These tests shall be in accordance with ISO 13909-7. 5.2 Bias It is recommended that, after commissioning and auditing of a new system or any major engineering modifications of an existing system, a bias test be carried out to confirm the system. If it is in
26、tended that the system be verified in accordance with ISO 13909 (all parts) procedures, reference is made to ISO 13909-2:2001, Clause 10, and ISO 13909-5:2001, Clause 10, where bias tests are mandatory. When choosing a coal or coke type for bias testing, refer to ISO 13909-8:2001, 9.1 and 9.2. It is
27、 recommended that further bias sample pairs be taken on a regular basis to confirm that the initial bias result is still relevant. If a significant change is made to the sampling system, or a new mineral having more difficult sampling characteristics is introduced, a new bias test should be consider
28、ed. 5.3 Operation of sampling system The mechanical plant system should be started some time in advance of the start of conveying the mineral so that any foreign substances (including water) are purged. Where hydraulic drives are used, sufficient time should be allowed for the hydraulic oil and the
29、associated system to attain temperature equilibrium. It is recommended, particularly in multi-coal or coke sampling systems, that one primary cut be allowed to pass through the mechanical system as a conditioner before actual sampling commences. It is recommended that the operator review any samplin
30、g records for the plant maintained by the previous operator. These records should include quantities of coal or coke handled and sampled, and notations as to system malfunctions, stoppages, blockages or other deficiencies. The operator should use a suitable checklist, such as the example given in An
31、nex A. It is recommended that the operator complete all items on a suitable checklist designed for the particular system. For large, multi-user systems, an operators inspection report, such as the example in given Annex B, should be developed. BS ISO 21398:20073Sufficient suitably designed inspectio
32、n points should be available to observe that the falling-stream and cross-belt cutters cut the full stream of coal or coke and that cutter apertures can be inspected for blockages and blinding. 6 Establishment of inspection system 6.1 General 6.1.1 To ensure reliable operation, it is recommended tha
33、t a sampling checklist (see Annex B) and operators sampling record (see Annex C) be developed with input from the following sources: a) original design criteria; b) sampling equipment operating and maintenance manuals; c) management responsible for the system; d) personnel operating or maintaining t
34、he system; e) for a new system, the designers and commissioning personnel; f) relevant International Standards where applicable; 6.1.2 The general method for establishing these procedures is as follows. a) Reference should be made to ISO 13909-2 and ISO 13909-5 to ascertain the correct sampling sche
35、me. b) Reference should be made to the equipment suppliers operating and maintenance manual to ascertain correct procedures for operation and intervals for routine maintenance. The manuals can provide useful information on the basis of the system design. Such information as conveyor rates, conveyor
36、speeds, material parameters (particularly sizing and variability) are significant data and should always be kept in mind when changes are contemplated. c) Existing sampling and maintenance records for an extended period should be examined. This information provides guidance for operators to ensure t
37、hat the required level of inspection and maintenance is carried out to ensure reliable operation and possibly to alert operators to any inappropriate maintenance or modifications that can have been made to the equipment. d) Personal experience of maintenance, operational and sampling personnel shoul
38、d be sought with respect to the sampling system. This information, together with that obtained from items b) and c), enable appropriate operators manual, operators sampling record and system checklist to be prepared. 6.2 Audit External A scheme for regular audits of the sampling system should be est
39、ablished. Reference should be made to the original operating parameters and equipment suppliers design data in order to establish conformance with the currently applicable International Standards. NOTE Annex B provides a typical reference list. It is recommended that correct operation of all new sys
40、tems be confirmed by an audit following the commissioning stage before being accepted as operational. Also, the design and operation of the system should be confirmed by an audit prior to any bias test. BS ISO 21398:20074 6.3 Audit Internal A scheme for routine inspections of the sampling system by
41、operators should be established. The frequency and detail of inspections is determined by such factors as, but not limited to, reliability of the system, handling characteristics of the sampled material and frequency of use of the system and purpose of sampling (e.g. process control compared to larg
42、e multi-user port facilities). 6.4 Operational inspections Operational procedures and inspections should be established and carried out immediately before, during and immediately after operation of the sampling system for a given lot or sub-lot. These procedures and inspections are less extensive th
43、an those undertaken as audits or mechanical inspections as given in 6.2 and 6.3. They should be designed to be simple inspections of the integrity of the sampling process. For large, multi-user facilities, it is recommended that a system of operational reports, as per the example in Annex B, be deve
44、loped. 7 Procedures 7.1 Audit External When assessing the conformance of a mechanical sampling system, an auditor should refer to Annexes A and B, the relevant parts of ISO 13909-2 and ISO 13909-5, and the design flow chart of the particular system being evaluated. It is recommended that a person wh
45、o is not directly involved in the operation and management of that particular sampling system carry out an audit at least once per year. It is essential that reference be made to the original operational parameters upon which the sampling system is designed. Operational conditions such as conveyor c
46、apacity, belt speed or material top size can have been altered without due regard to the impact on the operation and conformity of the sampling system. The following are common examples of such alterations and their potential consequences. An increase in the capacity of a conveyor can result in exce
47、ssive primary increment mass that can no longer be entirely contained by the primary sample cutter. A change in conveyor speed can affect the trajectory of material at a transfer point, which can result in a part of the material stream being missed by the sample cutter. A change in nominal top size
48、of the coal or coke can result in the original cutter aperture no longer being large enough (i.e. three times nominal top size of the mineral) to conform to the relevant parts of ISO 13909. Items that should be covered as a minimum are as follows: a) safety requirements of site; b) original and curr
49、ent operating parameters; c) selection of appropriate sampling procedure; d) general condition of the equipment, including build-up of material or blockages in chutes, cutters and sample loss or sample contamination. Attention should be paid to wear items or corrosion that can lead to moisture loss from air flow through the sampling system; e) confirmation and comparison of design and actual increment masses for all cutters at several flow rates on the product belt, u
