1、BS ISO26382:2010ICS 27.040NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDCogenerationsystems Technicaldeclarations forplanning, evaluationand procurementThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 28 Feb
2、ruary2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 59982 8Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 26382:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 26382:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MCE/16, Gas turbines.A lis
3、t of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal ob
4、ligations.BS ISO 26382:2010Reference numberISO 26382:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO26382First edition2010-02-15Cogeneration systems Technical declarations for planning, evaluation and procurement Systmes de cognration Dclarations techniques pour la planification, lvaluation et lacquisitio
5、n BS ISO 26382:2010ISO 26382:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing th
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8、at at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2010 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing f
9、rom either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 26382:20
10、10ISO 26382:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Key project information and analysis for evaluation.3 4.1 General .3 4.2 Site conditions and energy demands3 4.3 Related policies and regulations .5 4.4 CGS pla
11、nning.5 4.5 Systems operational simulation .8 4.6 Planning of comparison with a target comparable to the CGS 9 5 CGS evaluation 9 5.1 Economic evaluation.9 5.2 Energy saving evaluation .10 5.3 Environmental evaluation.11 5.4 Availability and reliability evaluation 11 5.5 Total evaluation .11 5.6 Eva
12、luation procedure12 6 Primary information and works for CGS procurement13 6.1 Inquiry phase .13 6.2 Formal procurement13 Annex A (informative) Typical evaluation procedure for CGS planning .14 Annex B (informative) Typical life-cycle cost analysis .16 Annex C (informative) Typical CGS diagram and fl
13、owcharts.17 Annex D (informative) Calculation method for the period of time during which the CGS and the conventional system have equal expenditures21 Annex E (informative) Calculation method for total profit during the plant life time.23 Annex F (informative) Job classification related to informati
14、on and works for CGS procurement.24 Bibliography26 BS ISO 26382:2010ISO 26382:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Stand
15、ards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also ta
16、ke part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees i
17、s to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibili
18、ty that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 26382 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 192, Gas turbines. BS ISO 26382:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26382:2010(E) ISO 20
19、10 All rights reserved 1Cogeneration systems Technical declarations for planning, evaluation and procurement 1 Scope This International Standard describes the technical declarations for a cogeneration system (CGS) that simultaneously supplies electric power and heating and/or cooling, for planning,
20、evaluation and procurement. It applies to the identification of investigation items for project evaluation, CGS evaluation, and primary information works for CGS procurement. It also specifies necessary check items in CGS planning, provides a procedure to obtain the satisfactory configuration of the
21、 CGS for each project, and includes a detailed process diagram of the key development steps. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edit
22、ion of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 15663-2:2001, Petroleum and natural gas industries Life-cycle costing Part 2: Guidance on application of methodology and calculation methods 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and defin
23、itions apply. 3.1 asset resource owned by an organization, normally for the purpose of generating income or increasing value 3.2 auxiliary heating and/or cooling sources equipment installed in the CGS which supply additional heating and/or cooling, as required EXAMPLE Steam and/or hot water boilers,
24、 direct-fired absorption chillers/heaters, and motor-driven machines. 3.3 availability share of the total time that the CGS is available to produce electric power, heating and/or cooling as required during a defined period, normally a calendar year 3.4 capital expenditure money used to purchase, ins
25、tall and commission a capital asset ISO 15663-1:2000, definition 2.1.6 BS ISO 26382:2010ISO 26382:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved3.5 cogeneration system CGS facility which simultaneously generates electric power and heating and/or cooling using exhaust gas or waste heat from engines or prime
26、movers 3.6 conventional system system or equipment which supplies electric power (including imported electric power from an external grid) and heating and/or cooling independently without using exhaust gas or waste heat from engines or prime movers 3.7 fuel supply agreement agreement entered into wi
27、th a fuel supplier which provides the basis of ensuring the fuel supply requirements of the facility over a defined period 3.8 internal rate of return IRR discount rate that gives a net present value equal to zero NOTE For more information on this time-discounted measure of investment desirability,
28、see ISO 15663-2:2001, 4.1.4. 3.9 life cycle all development stages of an item of equipment or function, from when the study commences up to and including disposal ISO 15663-1:2000, definition 2.1.14 3.10 life-cycle cost LCC discounted cumulative total of all costs incurred by a special function or i
29、tem of equipment over its life cycle ISO 15663-1:2000, definition 2.1.15 NOTE Life-cycle cost means the sum of all the expenditures associated with the project during its entire service life. A method for calculating the life-cycle cost is shown in Annex B. 3.11 net present value NPV sum of the tota
30、l discounted costs and revenues ISO 15663-1:2000, definition 2.1.18 3.12 operating expenditure money used for operation and maintenance, including associated costs such as logistics and spares ISO 15663-1:2000, definition 2.1.19 BS ISO 26382:2010ISO 26382:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 33.13 p
31、ayback period period after which the initial capital invested has been paid back by the accumulated net revenue earned ISO 15663-1:2000, definition 2.1.20 NOTE The payback-period method is not equivalent to the internal-rate-of-return method. The payback-period method is recommended only as a second
32、ary method of measuring investment worth. In particular, it is suggested that the payback-period method be used in addition to a method based on the time value of money. 3.14 reliability share of the time outside of planned maintenance and other planned shut-downs that the CGS can produce electric p
33、ower and heat as required during a defined period, normally a calendar year 3.15 scheduled maintenance maintenance of the CGS at regularly scheduled times NOTE Scheduled maintenance includes planning times for the inspection, adjustment and exchange of equipment to prevent the CGS from malfunctionin
34、g and to recover efficiency and performance. 3.16 sensitivity analysis analysis for determining the effects of the uncertainties in estimating parameter values, which is tested by independently varying one parameter at a time to determine how sensitive each parameter is to the project analysis and,
35、therefore, the project risk NOTE The testing process for any item under evaluation establishes whether or not the final conclusion is sensitive to a change in assumption. The variables subjected to sensitivity analysis will usually include capital costs, overall conversion efficiency, completion tim
36、e, fuel costs and the escalation of costs. 3.17 system design design of the CGS 4 Key project information and analysis for evaluation 4.1 General In order to carry out the proper evaluation of the CGS, the following items shall be accurately analysed at each stage of the investigation. The important
37、 investigation items are listed in 4.2 through 4.4, and descriptions on detailed parameters are provided. Items included in this category should basically be provided by the purchaser. 4.2 Site conditions and energy demands 4.2.1 Site conditions The purchaser of a CGS shall identify the installation
38、 site and related conditions necessary for the planning of the CGS. The following environmental conditions and various regulatory requirements which may affect the planning of the CGS shall be considered: weather conditions, average and maximum (predominant wind direction, wind speed, precipitation
39、of rain and snow, etc.); general air quality (industrial emissions, sand, salt, soil, pollen, etc.); BS ISO 26382:2010ISO 26382:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reserved ambient conditions (temperature, pressure and humidity) including annual averages, maximum and minimum conditions; water supply tempe
40、rature, its quality and quantity (hot-water supply, cooling water, de-mineralised water, water processing, etc.); land-use classification (business district, rural area, etc.); environmental air and effluent emission regulations (CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, particulate matters, unburned hydrocarbon, visible
41、smoke, cooling tower plume, etc.); regulations for vibration and noise (influence on neighbourhood); input fuel type of fuel, specific energy, chemical composition, temperature (maximum and minimum), pressure (maximum and minimum), other properties; installation site (indoor, outdoor, seismic zone,
42、site history, load-bearing capacity of soil, ground water level, frost line, snow load, sandstorms, transportation conditions, grid voltage, regulations for health and safety, etc.). 4.2.2 Energy demands 4.2.2.1 Investigation items for specifying energy demand Maximum and minimum values, as well as
43、data about variations in energy demand, shall be investigated carefully by the purchaser, including the demands for electric power and heating and/or cooling. The following conditions related to energy demands shall also be clarified: electric power demand and voltage, frequency and power factor to
44、be delivered; restrictions from the electrical grid, maximum power output, frequency variations, etc.; thermal demand, flow rate, pressure, temperature and quality requirements for heating and/or cooling to be delivered and to be returned; electrical and/or thermal load profile over a weekday and a
45、weekend day (24 hours) allowing for process or seasonal demand variation. 4.2.2.2 Investigation of energy demand pattern When a CGS is installed at a given site, it is important to identify the site classification because requirements for electric power and heating and/or cooling differ among variou
46、s types of sites. Typical types of facilities are as follows: office; hotel (resort, city, business, etc.); hospital (general, independent, etc.); store (retail, restaurant, department, supermarket, etc.); public site (government, hall, library, museum, etc.); sport, health or leisure facilities (sw
47、imming pool, gym, aquarium, etc.); computer centre; BS ISO 26382:2010ISO 26382:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 5 residence (apartment, detached house, etc.); welfare facility; educational institution (university, elementary or junior/senior high schools, etc.); compound facility (integrated bui
48、lding including different categories); district heating and/or cooling facility (facility which supplies heating and/or cooling to buildings located in a district); industrial factory (food, chemical and pharmaceutical machinery, electrical equipment, iron and metal, textile, pulp and paper, gas/oil
49、 and/or other energy, glass soda and ceramics, etc.). If the facility is a building, it is important to know the total floor space, number of floors, area classification for each usage, and both the total area and the lay-down areas which are available during the construction. 4.3 Related policies and regulations Related government policies and regulations, both local and national, are applicable to the installation of a CGS. A detailed consideration of such policies is
