1、BS ISO27956:2009ICS 43.020NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDRoad vehicles Securing of cargoin delivery vans Requirements and testmethodsThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 October
2、2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 62792 7Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 27956:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 27956:2009.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AUE/7, Automobile occupant rest
3、raint systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer im
4、munityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 27956:2009Reference numberISO 27956:2009(E)ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO27956First edition2009-03-15Road vehicles Securing of cargo in delivery vans Requirements and test methods Vhicules routiers Arrimage des charges bord des camionnettes de livraison Exigen
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8、he Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without per
9、mission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights res
10、ervedBS ISO 27956:2009ISO 27956:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Terms and definitions. 1 3 Requirements 2 3.1 General requirements. 2 3.2 Partitioning system. 2 3.3 Lashing points 4 4 Test methods. 8 4.1 Static load tests of the partitioning system . 8
11、 4.2 Testing of the strength of the lashing point 10 Bibliography . 13 BS ISO 27956:2009ISO 27956:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing
12、 International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liais
13、on with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of te
14、chnical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is dr
15、awn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 27956 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 12, Passive safety crash pro
16、tection systems. BS ISO 27956:2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 27956:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Road vehicles Securing of cargo in delivery vans Requirements and test methods 1 Scope This International Standard applies to vehicle-relevant equipment for the securing of cargo in delivery vans
17、 with a gross vehicle mass up to 7,5 t. This International Standard specifies minimum requirements and test methods for securing cargo in a reliable and roadworthy way, in order to protect occupants against injuries caused by shifting cargo. This International Standard deals with N1 vehicles and N2
18、vehicles up to 7,5 t in accordance with ECE classification1). For vehicles primarily designed for the transportation of cargo and derived from a passenger vehicle (M1), only the requirements concerning the partitioning system of this International Standard apply. NOTE Extreme loads (e.g. vehicle imp
19、acts) that can occur during an accident are outside the scope of this International Standard. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 delivery van vehicle for the transport of cargo, of which the occupant compartment and loading space
20、 form one unit 2.2 lashing point attachment part on the vehicle or an integrated device, to which lashing devices (2.3) can be connected in a form-fit manner and designed to transfer the lashing forces to the vehicle structure NOTE An integrated device can be, for example, a ring, a loop, a tie-down
21、, a hook, an eye, a lug, a hook-in edge, a thread connection, or rails. 2.3 lashing device device that is designed to be attached to the lashing points (2.2) in order to secure the cargo on the vehicle and that consists of a tensioning device, a tensioning element and connections, if required NOTE 1
22、 A tensioning device can be, for example, a belt or a strap. NOTE 2 A tensioning element can be, for example, a wrench, a ratchet, or a spanner. NOTE 3 Connections can be, for example, a hook or an eyelet. 1) See Reference 1. BS ISO 27956:2009ISO 27956:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved2.4 parti
23、tioning system device that fully or partially separates the occupant compartment from the loading space EXAMPLE Partition, bulkhead, grid. 2.5 protection zone area behind each seating position, for which special requirements for the protection against shifting cargo apply, limited to the area of ver
24、tical longitudinal sections, symmetrical to the left and right of the relevant R-points, with a width of 544 mm per seat and extending over the entire height of the occupant compartment NOTE 1 In the case of a bench, the protection zones between the R-points can overlap. NOTE 2 See ISO 6549 for furt
25、her information on R-points. 2.6 roadworthy design concept aiming at excluding harm to occupants of a road vehicle travelling on public roads under normal conditions of operation, such as full braking, emergency braking, braking in a curve, fast lane changing and driving in a curve NOTE The concept
26、of “harm” includes injuries and fatality. 3 Requirements 3.1 General requirements In order to prevent cargo from penetrating into the occupant compartment, delivery vans shall be equipped with adequate devices to protect the occupants against the cargo. Therefore, protection devices consisting of a
27、partitioning system (see 2.4) and lashing points (see 2.2) shall be provided. 3.2 Partitioning system The partitioning system (see 2.4) shall fully separate the occupant compartment from the loading space, in terms of width and height. In the case of a loading space above the occupant compartment, t
28、he partitioning system may be limited in height to the horizontal separation between the occupant compartment and that loading space. However, in the case of a vehicle having a driver seat only and no passenger seat, the partitioning system does not need to cover the entire width of the vehicle, pro
29、vided that the drivers protection zone (see 2.5) is covered and, in addition, the driver seating position is sufficiently protected against laterally shifting cargo. If there is a gap between the partitioning system and the vehicle body this shall not be more than 40 mm (see Figure 2) without removi
30、ng the covering (or trim), if any. A larger value is permissible in the case of corrugations in the side walls, as well as in order to ensure proper deployment of curtain airbags, if fitted. If the partitioning system consists of a grid or cargo net, a rigid test device (e.g. rod), having a front su
31、rface of (50 10) mm moved in longitudinal direction (parallel to the x-axis of the vehicle), shall not be able to pass such nets or grids in any orientation (rotation around the x-axis). The strength of the entire partitioning system shall be tested in accordance with 4.1.2. The protection zone(s) (
32、see 2.5) of the partitioning system shall withstand testing in accordance with 4.1.3. Each point within the protection zones shall meet the requirements of a test using the type 2 plunger piston (see 4.1.3). If windows or a door are located in the protection zone, such elements shall also withstand
33、this test. The window material may fracture, as long as the deformation criteria given below are met. BS ISO 27956:2009ISO 27956:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3Permanent deformations of the partitioning system up to 300 mm (see Figure 1) are permissible when tested in accordance with 4.1.2 or
34、 4.1.3, as long as such deformations do not cause sharp edges or other deformations which might result directly or indirectly in injuries to the occupants. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 occupant compartment 2 partitioning system 3 loading space F test force Figure 1 Partitioning system Dimensions
35、in millimetres Key 1 partitioning system 2 corrugation in side wall Figure 2 Detail of partitioning system BS ISO 27956:2009ISO 27956:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres a) Example of a 2-seater occupant compartment b) Example of a 3-seater occupant compartment Key 1 driv
36、ers protection zone 2 passengers protection zone 3 R-point Figure 3 Protection zones 3.3 Lashing points 3.3.1 General The loading space of delivery vans shall be equipped with lashing points. 3.3.2 Design 3.3.2.1 The geometry of the lashing points is not specified in this International Standard, but
37、 is decided by the vehicle manufacturer. Examples of typical designs of lashing points are shown in Figure 4. Whatever design is selected by the vehicle manufacturer, the clearance of the lashing point shall be such that it shall be possible to insert through the opening of the lashing point a cylin
38、drical probe with a diameter, d1, as specified in Table 1. Table 1 Diameter of cylindrical probe to be inserted d1mm Gross vehicle mass mGVMt 35 5,0 mGVMu 7,5 25 2,5 mGVMu 5,0 20 mGVMu 2,5 BS ISO 27956:2009ISO 27956:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 5Key d1diameter of cylindrical probe to be inse
39、rted Figure 4 Examples of typical designs of lashing points 3.3.2.2 The maximum cross section of the loop/ring must not be greater than 18 mm (see Figure 5). If the lashing point consists of a different design or other dimension, the vehicle manufacturer shall provide the adequate fastening elements
40、. Dimensions in millimetres Key aCross section u 18 mm. Figure 5 Maximum cross section of lashing loops/rings 3.3.3 Strength of lashing points 3.3.3.1 Each lashing point shall be designed for one of the categories of nominal tension force, FN, calculated in accordance with Table 2, and shall withsta
41、nd the test force applied under any angle in the range between 0 and 60 to the vertical (see Figure 12) during the test specified in 4.2.1. 3.3.3.2 The strength of the lashing points is proven if the tests specified in 4.2.1 are passed. BS ISO 27956:2009ISO 27956:2009(E) 6 ISO 2009 All rights reserv
42、edTable 2 Nominal tension force FNkN Gross vehicle mass mGVMt FN= 1/4 mP g, but 3,5 FNu 8 5,0 mGVMu 7,5 FN= 1/3 mP g, but 3,5 FNu 5 2,5 mGVMu 5,0 FN= 1/2 mP g, but 3 FNu 4 mGVMu 2,5 mPis the maximum payload, in kg. g is the acceleration of gravity (9,81 m/s2). 3.3.4 Number and alignment of lashing p
43、oint pairs 3.3.4.1 Lashing points shall be located on the floor and/or side walls, as closely as possible to the floor, but not more than 150 mm above the floor of the loading area. The lashing points should be arranged in pairs, located opposite each other and distributed as evenly as possible alon
44、gside the loading area. 3.3.4.2 The number and alignment of lashing point pairs is influenced by the following parameters: the maximum spacing between lashing points in longitudinal direction (see 3.3.4.3); the length of the loading area (see 3.3.4.4). 3.3.4.3 The lashing point pairs shall be aligne
45、d as follows (see Figure 6): a) the recommended longitudinal spacing, LS, between two lashing point pairs is LSu 700 mm; however, in any case, LSu 1 200 mm; b) the longitudinal distance from the front and rear boundary of the usable loading space shall be not more than 250 mm; c) the lateral distanc
46、e from the side boundary of the usable loading space shall be not more than 150 mm. Dimensions in millimetres Key LSrecommended longitudinal spacing Figure 6 Alignment of lashing point pairs BS ISO 27956:2009ISO 27956:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 73.3.4.4 For vehicles having a loading area u
47、p to 1 300 mm in length, at least two pairs of lashing points shall be provided (two lashing points at each side). The minimum number, N, of pairs of lashing points shall be based on the length, L, in millimetres, of the loading space (measured on the floor at y = 0) and shall be calculated by takin
48、g into account the distances of 250 mm (see 3.3.4.3) and 800 mm spacing, as shown in Equation (1): ( )2 2501800LN=+ (1) The calculated result shall be rounded up or down in accordance with conventional rounding rules, i.e. decimals in the range between x,01 and x,49 shall be rounded down; decimals i
49、n the range between x,50 and x,99 shall be rounded up. EXAMPLE A delivery van having a length of the loading space of 2 550 mm: ()2550 2 25018002, 56 13, 564pairs of lashing pointsNNNN=+=+= 3.3.5 Consumer information Information on the maximum strength, in kN, of each lashing point in the vehicle shall be provided in the owners manual. In addition, a label should be used inside the cargo compartment (see Figure 7). This label shall be inscribed with white letters on a blue background wi
