1、BS ISO27991:2008ICS 47.020.01NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDShips and marinetechnology Marine evacuationsystems Means ofcommunicationThis British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStrategy Committee on 3ember 200
2、8 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 60786 8Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 27991:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 27991:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee SME/32/-/1, Lifesaving and fire pr
3、otection.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunit
4、yfrom legal obligations.1DecBS ISO 27991:2008Reference numberISO 27991:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO27991First edition2008-09-01Ships and marine technology Marine evacuation systems Means of communication Navires et technologie maritime Systmes dvacuation en mer Moyens de communication B
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10、SO 27991:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 General. 2 4.1 General principles. 2 4.2 Means of communication. 2 5 Performance requirements 3 5.1 General. 3 5.2 Visual signals 3 5.3 Audibl
11、e communication . 4 6 Testing . 4 Bibliography . 5 BS ISO 27991:2008ISO 27991:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Stand
12、ards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also ta
13、ke part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees i
14、s to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibili
15、ty that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 27991 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 1, Lifesaving and fire protection.
16、BS ISO 27991:2008ISO 27991:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard is intended to provide guidelines on how to ensure safe communication and aid the control of an evacuation between the embarkation station and the platform or survival craft on ships fitted with
17、 marine evacuation systems (MES) as required by the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). Considering the importance of the availability of uniform and clearly perceptible means of communication, this International Standard is intended to define and specify acceptable means
18、 of communication in conjunction with the operation of MES in order to ensure safe and rapid evacuation of ships fitted with MES. BS ISO 27991:2008BS ISO 27991:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 27991:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Ships and marine technology Marine evacuation systems Means of co
19、mmunication 1 Scope This International Standard specifies means of communication between an MES embarkation station and the platform or survival craft secured to the end of system passage as required by SOLAS regulation III/6.4.4. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispe
20、nsable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) 3 Terms and definitions For t
21、he purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 communication means of passing essential information between the relevant persons assigned to operate the MES 3.2 controller person in charge overall at the embarkation station 3.3 marine evacuation system MES appliance for
22、 the rapid transfer of persons from the embarkation deck of a ship to a floating survival craft 3.4 passage portion of the MES that provides the means of transfer of persons between the embarkation station and the platform or survival craft 3.5 platform floating platform which may be fitted at the b
23、ottom of the passage to hold evacuees awaiting entry to survival craft 3.6 receiver person normally located at the exit of the passage to assist the persons exiting the passage and direct them into survival craft BS ISO 27991:2008ISO 27991:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved3.7 survival craft cra
24、ft capable of sustaining the lives of persons in distress from the time of abandoning the ship 4 General 4.1 General principles 4.1.1 The means of communication shall facilitate the safe command and control of an MES evacuation. All means of communication shall be simple and clear, easily understood
25、, and unambiguous. 4.1.2 The communication would normally be between the entrances and exits of the MES passage, where normally there would be positioned a controller and receiver(s), respectively. The messages requiring communication are as shown in Table 1, and are applicable to all MES, no matter
26、 what height or configuration (slide/chute/other). These support safe and controlled evacuation, and are the critical points of feedback during an evacuation. Table 1 Messages requiring communication CONTROLLER side RECEIVER side Starting evacuation aReady to receive aStopping evacuation aStop evacu
27、ation aChange pace of evacuation Change pace of evacuation Identify an incident has occurred Identify an incident has occurred aIn the event of failure of the communications system, alternative means of communicating the indicated messages shall be clearly defined in the MES operating manual or in t
28、he vessel training manual. 4.1.3 All messages applicable to each MES shall be clearly defined in the MES operating manual. 4.1.4 For an MES where the persons descending the system are visible to the controller and receiver along the complete length of the passage, and the controller and receiver are
29、 in clear sight of each other, it is sufficient to have only a visual form of communication, as feedback regarding how the evacuation is progressing can be observed by all the relevant personnel. 4.1.5 For an MES that does not conform with 4.1.4, a communication system shall provide the controller w
30、ith an audible or visual indication of the status of the person(s) descending the passage. 4.2 Means of communication The means of communication may be visual or audible. Examples of such means of communication are listed below. a) Visual: light signals, typically LED or lamps; hand signals. b) Audi
31、ble: verbal (i.e. unamplified voice); radio based; klaxon/horn/whistle/bullhorn. BS ISO 27991:2008ISO 27991:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 35 Performance requirements 5.1 General 5.1.1 The means of communication shall be ergonomically positioned, and shall not interfere with the operation of o
32、ther life-saving appliances on the ship, particularly those adjacent to the equipment. 5.1.2 All means of communication shall be capable of functioning correctly for the duration of an evacuation. 5.1.3 The performance of the means of communication shall take into account background noise and vibrat
33、ion, lighting artificial and strong, natural sunlight, as well as nighttime operation and backlighting, conditions of restricted or reduced visibility, environmental conditions 30 C to +65 C, humidity, visibility (e.g. controller viewing receiver in snow storm), heavy weather (e.g. Beaufort 6), robu
34、stness to withstand the conditions and forces generated during a deployment and evacuation, and possible confusion between individual MES communication systems as well as shipboard operational, emergency and damage control communications. 5.1.4 The exact meaning of each signal shall be defined clear
35、ly in the MES operating manual and/or be in compliance with the vessels training manual. 5.2 Visual signals 5.2.1 General The visual signals shall communicate clearly the relevant command and control information to the correct personnel. 5.2.2 Light signals 5.2.2.1 If red and green light signals are
36、 used, they should comply with the following internationally recognised format: Red stop/danger Green go/safe 5.2.2.2 All light based means of communication shall be positioned local to the relevant operator, within their line of sight. 5.2.2.3 Circuitry and other components associated with the oper
37、ation of light signals shall be positioned so as not to interfere with the evacuation of persons through the MES passage, and should be suitably sealed with respect to its positioning, typically a minimum IP55 for deck positioned equipment, and a minimum of IP66 for equipment used at the waterline,
38、determined in accordance with IEC 60529. 5.2.2.4 Lights shall be clearly visible under daylight conditions when fitted in their normal operating position. 5.2.2.5 It shall be demonstrated that the power source for light signals is capable of powering them for a duration as determined in accordance w
39、ith 5.1.2 with sufficient intensity to comply with 5.2.2.4. BS ISO 27991:2008ISO 27991:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved5.2.3 Hand signals Hand signals may be used where there is normally a clear, continuous line of sight between the relevant persons assigned to operate the MES. 5.2.4 Others Ot
40、her visual signals may be used, provided that they are demonstrated to provide equivalent performance to those specified above, and comply with the same requirements of position, visibility and definition. 5.3 Audible communication 5.3.1 General All audible communication shall take into account the
41、distance between the two relevant persons, how much information is to be transferred, and likely environmental conditions. 5.3.2 Verbal (unamplified voice) This means of communication may be used as conditions permit but shall not be the sole means of communication. 5.3.3 Radio based Radio based sys
42、tems may be used to meet this requirement. 5.3.4 Klaxon/horn/whistle/bullhorn Klaxons/horns/whistles/bullhorn shall be easily heard and distinguishable at the working position of the relevant personnel. 5.3.5 Others Other audible signalling means may be used provided they effectively and efficiently
43、 provide communication between the relevant personnel in all operating conditions. 6 Testing 6.1 Where applicable it shall be demonstrated by means of a deployment of the complete MES that each means of communication system or sub-assembly thereof is capable of being deployed and operated safely and
44、 correctly, and is sufficiently robust to withstand normal in service, deployment and evacuation conditions. 6.2 It shall be demonstrated that in bright, clear daytime and nighttime conditions, the communications signals can be clearly interpreted taking the performance requirements in 5.1.3 into ac
45、count. 6.3 It shall be demonstrated during a trial evacuation with persons passing through the passage that the signals can be clearly interpreted. 6.4 The means of communication shall be demonstrated to be effective in a sea state associated with a wind of force of Beaufort 6 and in association wit
46、h a significant wave height of at least 3 m. 6.5 Compliance with 6.1 to 6.4 may be demonstrated during approval testing of the MES or during another suitable operational deployment. BS ISO 27991:2008ISO 27991:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 5Bibliography 1 IMO International Code of Safety for H
47、igh-Speed Craft (1994 and 2000 as amended) 2 IMO International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code Res. MSC.48(66) 3 IMO Recommendation on testing of life-saving appliances Res. A.689(17), as amended through Res. MSC.81(70) 4 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974 as amend
48、ed through Res. MSC.47(66) BS ISO 27991:2008ISO 27991:2008(E) ICS 47.020.01 Price based on 5 pages ISO 2008 All rights reserved BS ISO 27991:2008This page has been intentionally left blank BS ISO27991:2008BSI GroupHeadquarters 389Chiswick High Road,London, W4 4AL, UKTel +44 (0)20 8996 9001Fax +44 (0)20 8996 - British Standards InstitutionBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents
