1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 3034:2011Corrugated fibreboard Determination of single sheetthicknessBS ISO 3034:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of IS
2、O 3034:2011. Itsupersedes BS4817:1972 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PAI/11, Methods of test for paper, board and pulps.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication do
3、es not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 69040 2ICS 85.060Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of th
4、eStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 3034:2011Reference numberISO 3034:2011(E)ISO 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO3034Second edition2011-06-01Corrugated fibreboard Determination of single sheet thickness Carton ondul Dt
5、ermination de lpaisseur dune feuille unique BS ISO 3034:2011ISO 3034:2011(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
6、and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland
7、ii ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 3034:2011ISO 3034:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Principle1 5 Apparatus.2 6 Sampling.2 7 Conditioning 2 8 Preparation of test pieces.2 9 Procedure.3 9.1 General .3 9
8、.2 Verification and calibration of micrometer .3 9.3 Determination of single board thickness3 10 Calculation and expression of results 3 11 Test report4 Annex A (normative) Verification of micrometer performance and calibration .5 Annex B (informative) Precision7 Bibliography9 BS ISO 3034:2011ISO 30
9、34:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member
10、body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electr
11、otechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
12、 by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
13、rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 3034 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, Paper, board and pulps, Subcommittee SC 2, Test methods and quality specifications for paper and board. This second edition cancels and replaces the first e
14、dition (ISO 3034:1975), which has been technically revised in compliance with ISO 534:200511). In addition, precision data have been inserted in Annex B. 1) ISO 534:2005 is currently being revised and this second edition of ISO 3034 is also in compliance with the forthcoming ISO 534:2011. BS ISO 303
15、4:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3034:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Corrugated fibreboard Determination of single sheet thickness 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for determining the single sheet thickness of corrugated fibreboard intended for use in the manufacture of
16、packing cases. This International Standard is applicable to all types of corrugated fibreboard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest e
17、dition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 186, Paper and board Sampling to determine average quality ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples 3 Terms and de
18、finitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 corrugated fibreboard board consisting of one or more sheets of fluted paper glued to a flat sheet of board or between several sheets ISO 4046-4:2002, definition 4.49 3.2 single sheet thickness corrugated fib
19、reboard distance between one surface of a corrugated fibreboard and the other, measured under an applied static load, using the test method specified in this International Standard 4 Principle Measurement of thickness of corrugated board under a specific static load by means of a high-precision micr
20、ometer. BS ISO 3034:2011ISO 3034:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved5 Apparatus 5.1 Dead-weight micrometer, provided with two plane, parallel, circular pressure faces, between which the corrugated board is placed for measurement. The pressure exerted between the pressure faces during the thicknes
21、s measurement shall be 20 kPa 0,5 kPa. NOTE Other methods exist that use alternative pressures; however, different loading pressures might not give the same results. The two pressure faces shall form an integral part of the micrometer, such that one face is fixed (the anvil) and the other is movable
22、, in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the fixed face, smoothly at a speed of 2 mm/s to 3 mm/s. One face shall be 35,7 mm 0,3 mm in diameter and the second face shall be of such a size that it is in contact with the whole area of the other face when the micrometer reads zero. Thus, a circula
23、r region of a test piece, 1 000 mm2 20 mm2(10 cm2 0,2 cm2) in area, is subjected during the thickness measurement to the pressure exerted between the faces. The instrument shall be sufficiently accurate to permit measurements to be made to the nearest 0,05 mm (see Annex A). The performance requireme
24、nts of the micrometer shall be such that, when calibrated according to the method given in Annex A, the micrometer complies with the required pressure of 20 kPa 0,5 kPa and the performance requirements as shown in Table 1 (see also 9.2). Table 1 Micrometer performance requirements Micrometer charact
25、eristics Maximum permitted value Indication error 0,5 % of the reading Error of parallelism between pressure faces 1 % Repeatability of measurement (as standard deviation) 0,5 % 5.2 Thickness gauges (to be used in A.4), corresponding to approximately 10 %, 30 %, 50 %, 70 % and 90 % of the full-scale
26、 reading of the micrometer. The thickness of each gauge shall be known to an accuracy of 5 m. 6 Sampling If the tests are made to evaluate a lot, select the sample in accordance with ISO 186. If the tests are made on another type of sample, make sure that the specimens taken are representative of th
27、e sample received. 7 Conditioning Condition the specimens in accordance with ISO 187. 8 Preparation of test pieces Prepare the test pieces in the same standard atmospheric conditions as used to condition the specimens. The test pieces shall normally be free from any damage or other irregularities an
28、d, unless otherwise agreed between the interested parties, free from converting machine marks, printings, etc. that may affect the test results. BS ISO 3034:2011ISO 3034:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 3If the thickness of a printed sample is desired, all measurements should be performed in pri
29、nted areas. Testing can be done on a variety of samples in different states of quality to achieve various goals of process understanding and troubleshooting. Specimens should be representative of the materials being tested. If the test specimens are to be taken from corrugated shipping containers, t
30、hey should be taken from areas away from scorelines, joints and closures. Unless otherwise agreed upon between interested parties, specimens should not be taken from obviously damaged areas and/or areas not representative of the container as a whole. Select, at random, at least 5 specimens large eno
31、ugh to permit the cutting of at least 10 test pieces (two from each specimen). Cut from the specimens, test pieces each with an area of at least 10 000 mm2(100 cm2), either square or circular (of diameter 112,9 mm). If only one test piece can be cut from each specimen, select 10 specimens and cut on
32、e test piece from each. Ensure that the test piece dimensions are not so large that the micrometer reading is affected by the test piece mass that overhangs the lower pressure face while a measurement is being made. 9 Procedure 9.1 General Prior to the use of the micrometer (5.1) or when calibrating
33、 it (see Annex A), ensure that the anvil, pressure foot and thickness gauges (5.2) are clean. Check the zero point of the precision micrometer before and also during a series of measurements. NOTE Particularly in the case of the anvil and pressure foot, small pieces of fibre can collect on these sur
34、faces, causing erroneously high values. With the pressure faces in contact with one another, set the micrometer reading to zero. 9.2 Verification and calibration of micrometer At appropriate time intervals, calibrate the micrometer at the temperature of normal use, and verify its performance using t
35、he method given in Annex A. 9.3 Determination of single board thickness Carry out the test in the standard atmospheric conditions at which the samples were conditioned. Place the micrometer on a horizontal vibration-free surface, and place the test piece between the open pressure faces of the microm
36、eter at a position at least 20 mm from any edge of the test piece. Permit the test piece to be held by the pressure face, by very carefully allowing the movable pressure face to move steadily and slowly, at a velocity of 2 mm/s to 3 mm/s, towards the anvil so that any punching effect is avoided. Rec
37、ord the micrometer reading as soon as its value becomes steady, normally within 2 s to 5 s. If any “bedding down” of the corrugated board can occur, the reading shall be within 2 s to 3 s. Avoid imposing any manual stress on the test piece or micrometer while a reading is being made. Make only one m
38、easurement on the test piece. Repeat the above procedure for the remaining test pieces. 10 Calculation and expression of results Calculate the mean value and standard deviation of not less than ten readings made in accordance with 9.3. Express the single sheet thickness corrugated fibreboard, in mil
39、limetres, to three significant figures. BS ISO 3034:2011ISO 3034:2011(E) 4 ISO 2011 All rights reserved11 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this International Standard; b) the date and place of testing; c) a description and identification of the m
40、aterial tested; d) the conditioning atmosphere used; e) the arithmetic mean of the single sheet thickness corrugated fibreboard, as stated in Clause 10, and the standard deviation; f) any deviation from this International Standard that may have affected the results; g) any other information which ma
41、y assist in the interpretation of the test results; in particular, whether any areas compressed by printing or other converting machines are involved. BS ISO 3034:2011ISO 3034:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 5Annex A (normative) Verification of micrometer performance and calibration A.1 General
42、 Verify the performance of the micrometer in the conditioned atmosphere, in which thickness measurements are to be made, using the following tests in the order given. For micrometers in frequent use, determine the indication error and repeatability of measurement and determine the pressure exerted b
43、etween the pressure faces and their error of parallelism according to the recommendation of the manufacturer. If the micrometer performance is not within the tolerance appropriate to a particular measurement (see 5.1), make the necessary correction and recommence the series of tests. To cover the ra
44、nge of corrugated fibreboards normally encountered, it is desirable that the measuring capacity of the dead-weight micrometer should be at least 20 mm. Prior to the calibration, ensure that the anvil, pressure foot and thickness gauges (5.2) are clean. When thickness gauges are used, they should be
45、gently wiped with alcohol using a non-linting absorbent material. A.2 Pressure exerted between pressure faces Use any suitable means (e.g. certified load cells or a laboratory balance with a through-spindle mounted above the micrometer with a cradle to suspend the pressure foot) of verifying the acc
46、uracy and uniformity of the pressure exerted between the pressure faces. This verification can also be performed during the calibration service by the manufacturer. Use pressure-sensitive film to verify the evenness of pressure. A.3 Indication error and repeatability of measurement A.3.1 With the pr
47、essure faces in contact with one another, set the micrometer reading to zero. Do not reset the zero reading during the following procedure. A.3.2 Open the gap between the pressure faces, allow it to close again so that the pressure faces make contact with one another, and note the micrometer reading
48、. Repeat this procedure at least five times. A.3.3 Take one of the thickness gauges specified in 5.2, open the gap between the pressure faces, interpose the gauge, allow the faces to close upon the gauge (see 9.1) and note the micrometer reading. Avoid direct handling of the thickness gauges when cl
49、eaning or positioning them. Repeat this procedure at least five times. A.3.4 Repeat the procedure described in A.3.3, using, in turn, each of the remaining thickness gauges. NOTE The thickness gauges are used singly, not in combination. A.3.5 Repeat the procedure described in A.3.2. BS ISO 3034:2011ISO 3034:2011(E) 6 ISO 2011 All rights reservedA.3.6 For each gauge thickness at which micrometer readings are taken, calculate a) the repeatability of measurement, that is, the standard deviation of the five (or more) read
