1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 3085:2002Iron ores Experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurementICS 73.060.10g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40
2、g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58February 2010Incorporating corrigendumNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 3085:2002. It supersedes BS ISO 3085:1996 and BS 5662-2:1987 which are withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Te
3、chnical Committee ISE/58, Iron ores.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British S
4、tandard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS ISO 3085:2002This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 25 April 2002 BSI 2010Ame
5、ndments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments 28 February 2010 Supersession text amendedISBN 978 0 580 69921 4Reference numberISO 3085:2002(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO3085Fourth edition2002-03-01Iron ores Experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling, sample preparation and
6、 measurement Minerais de fer Mthodes exprimentales de contrle de la fidlit de lchantillonnage, de prparation des chantillons et de mesurage ISO 3085:2002(E) ii BS ISO 3085:2002ISO 3085:2002(E) iiiContents Page Foreword.iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references1 3 Definitions 1 4 Principle1 5 General condi
7、tions 2 6 Method of experiment .3 7 Analysis of experimental data7 8 Interpretation of results and action .12 9 Test report 12 Annex A (informative) Example of experiment on periodic systematic sampling by method 1.14 Annex B (informative) Alternative method for analysis of experimental data 20 BS I
8、SO 3085:2002ISO 3085:2002(E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body inter
9、ested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
10、 Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the te
11、chnical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of pat
12、ent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 3085 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 102, Iron ore and direct reduced iron, Subcommittee SC 1, Sampling. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third which has been technically revised.
13、Annexes A and B of this International Standard are for information only. BS ISO 3085:2002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3085:2002(E)1Iron ores Experimental methods for checking the precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurement 1 Scope This International Standard specifies experimental method
14、s for checking the precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurement of iron ores being carried out in accordance with the methods specified in ISO 3082 and the relevant ISO standards for measurement. NOTE This International Standard may also be applied for the purpose of checking the precis
15、ion of sampling, sample preparation and measurement separately. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, an
16、y of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative documen
17、t referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 3082:2000, Iron ores Sampling and sample preparation procedures ISO 3084:1998, Iron ores Experimental methods for evaluation of quality variation ISO 11323:1), Iron ore and direct reduced
18、 iron Vocabulary 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 11323 apply. NOTE The precision of sampling is defined mathematically in annex A of ISO 3082:2000. 4 Principle Sampling from twenty lots or more, preferably taking twice as many increments as
19、 specified in ISO 3082 and placing the increments alternately into two gross samples. If this is impracticable or the precision testing is carried out in conjunction with routine sampling, the normal number of increments specified in ISO 3082 may be used. Preparation of separate test samples from ea
20、ch gross sample and determination of relevant quality characteristics. Analysis of the experimental data obtained and calculation of the estimated value of the precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurement for each selected quality characteristic. 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 113
21、23:1996) BS ISO 3085:2002ISO 3085:2002(E) 2 Comparison of the estimated precision with that specified in Table 1 of ISO 3082:2000 and necessary action if the estimated precision does not attain these specified values. 5 General conditions 5.1 Sampling 5.1.1 General The sampling procedure to be follo
22、wed shall be selected from the two methods of sampling, viz. periodic systematic sampling or stratified sampling, depending on the method of taking increments from the lot in accordance with ISO 3082. 5.1.2 Number of lots To reach a reliable conclusion, it is recommended that the experiment be carri
23、ed out on more than 20 lots of the same type of iron ore. However, if this is impracticable, at least 10 lots should be covered. If the number of lots for the experiment is not sufficient, each lot may be divided into several parts to produce more than 20 parts in total for the experiment, and the e
24、xperiment should be carried out on each part, considering each part as a separate lot in accordance with ISO 3082. 5.1.3 Number of increments and number of gross samples The number of increments required for the experiment shall preferably be twice the number specified in ISO 3082. Hence, if the num
25、ber of increments required for routine sampling is n1and one gross sample is made up from these increments, the number of increments required for the experiment shall be 2n1and two gross samples shall be constituted. Alternatively, if the experiment is carried out as part of routine sampling, n1incr
26、ements may be taken and two gross samples constituted, each comprising n1/2 increments. In this case the sampling precision obtained will be for n1/2 increments. The precision thus obtained must be divided by 2 to obtain the precision for gross samples comprising n1increments (see clause 7). When th
27、e experiment is carried out with n1increments and n1is an odd number, an additional increment shall be taken in order to make the number of increments even. 5.2 Sample preparation and measurement Sample preparation shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 3082. The measurement shall be carried ou
28、t in accordance with the relevant ISO standards for chemical analysis, moisture content and size analysis of iron ores. NOTE 1 For chemical analysis it is preferable to carry out a series of determinations on test samples for a lot over a period of several days, in order to maintain the independence
29、 of test results. NOTE 2 The method of determination of any quality characteristic should remain the same throughout the experiment. 5.3 Replication of experiment Even when a series of experiments has been conducted prior to regular sampling operations, the experiments should be carried out periodic
30、ally to check for possible changes in quality variation and, at the same time, to control the precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurement. Because of the amount of work involved, it should be carried out as part of routine sampling, sample preparation and measurement. BS ISO 3085:2002I
31、SO 3085:2002(E) 35.4 Record of the experiment For future reference and to avoid errors and omissions, it is recommended that detailed records of experiments be kept in a standardized format (see clause 9 and annex A). 6 Method of experiment 6.1 Sampling 6.1.1 Periodic systematic sampling 6.1.1.1 The
32、 number of increments, n1, shall be determined in accordance with ISO 3082. 6.1.1.2 When 2n1increments are taken, the sampling intervals, m, in tonnes, shall be calculated by dividing the mass, mL, of the lot by 2n1, i.e. giving intervals equal to one-half of the sampling interval for routine sampli
33、ng. L12mmn= Alternatively, when the experiment is carried out as part of routine sampling and n1increments are taken, the sampling interval, m, shall be calculated by dividing the mass, mL, of the lot by n1. L1mmn= The sampling intervals thus calculated may be rounded down to the nearest 10 t. 6.1.1
34、.3 The increments shall be taken at the sampling interval determined in 6.1.1.2, with a random start. 6.1.1.4 The increments shall be placed alternately in two containers. Thus, two gross samples, A and B, will be constituted. EXAMPLE 1 See Figure 1. Suppose that a lot of 19 000 t is transferred by
35、belt conveyors and the number of increments determined in accordance with ISO 3082 for routine sampling, n1, is 60. When 2n1increments are taken, the sampling interval for the experiment, m, is given by the equation L119 000158 1502602mmn= = = Thus, increments are taken at 150 t intervals. The point
36、 for taking the first increment from the first sampling interval of 150 t is determined by a random selection method. If the point for taking the first increments is determined as 20 t from the beginning of handling the lot, subsequent increments should be taken at the point 20 + im, where i = 1, 2,
37、 ., 2n1(170 t, 320 t and so on). Since the whole lot size is 19 000 t, 126 increments shall be taken. The increments are placed alternately in two containers, and two gross samples, A and B, are constituted, each composed of 63 increments. BS ISO 3085:2002ISO 3085:2002(E) 4 Key Solid circles indicat
38、e increments taken from stratum. Open circles indicate gross samples. Figure 1 Schematic diagram for example 1 6.1.2 Stratified sampling 6.1.2.1 The number of increments, n3, to be taken from each stratum shall be calculated from the number of strata, n4, forming one lot and the number of increments
39、 determined in accordance with ISO 3082, n1, using the equation 134nnn= NOTE Examples of strata, based on time, mass or space, include production periods, production masses, holds in vessels, wagons in a train or containers. The number of increments thus calculated shall be rounded up to the next hi
40、gher whole number if 2n1increments are taken, or to the next higher whole even number if n1increments are taken. 6.1.2.2 When 2n1increments are taken, 2n3increments shall be taken from each stratum and shall be separated at random into two partial samples, each of n3increments. Alternatively, when t
41、he experiment is carried out as part of routine sampling and n1increments are taken, n3increments shall be taken from each stratum and be separated at random into two partial samples, each of n3/2 increments. 6.1.2.3 The two partial samples from each stratum shall be combined into two gross samples,
42、 A and B, respectively. NOTE If the mass varies from stratum to stratum, the number of increments to be taken from each stratum shall be varied in proportion to the mass of ore in each stratum. This method is called “proportional stratified sampling”. EXAMPLE 1 See Figure 2. Suppose that a lot is di
43、vided in 11 strata each of 60 t and the number of increments, n1, determined for the entire lot (60 11 = 660 t) in accordance with ISO 3082 is 20. Thus, the number of increments to be taken from each stratum is 134201,8 211nnn= BS ISO 3085:2002ISO 3085:2002(E) 5Key Boxes indicate strata. Solid circl
44、es indicate increments taken from stratum. Open circles indicate gross samples. Figure 2 Schematic diagram for example 2 When 2n1increments are taken, four (2n3= 2 2) increments are taken from each stratum and separated at random into two partial samples, each consisting of two increments. The two p
45、artial samples from each of the 11 strata are combined into two gross samples, A and B respectively, each comprising 22 (2n4= 2 11) increments. 6.2 Sample preparation and measurement 6.2.1 General The two gross samples A and B taken in accordance with 6.1 shall be prepared separately and subjected t
46、o testing by either method 1, method 2 or method 3 described below. 6.2.2 Method 1 The two gross samples A and B shall be divided separately. The resulting four test samples, A1, A2, B1and B2, shall be tested in duplicate. The eight tests shall be run in random order. See Figure 3. NOTE Method 1 all
47、ows the precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurement to be separately estimated. 6.2.3 Method 2 Gross sample A shall be divided to prepare two test samples, A1and A2and one test sample shall be prepared from gross sample B. See Figure 4. Test sample A1shall be tested in duplicate and si
48、ngle tests shall be conducted on test samples A2and B. NOTE Method 2 also allows the precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurement to be separately estimated. However, the estimates are less precise than those obtained by method 1. 6.2.4 Method 3 One test sample shall be prepared from ea
49、ch of the two gross samples A and B, and single tests shall be conducted on each sample. See Figure 5. NOTE Using method 3, only the overall precision of sampling, sample preparation and measurement is obtained. BS ISO 3085:2002ISO 3085:2002(E) 6 Figure 3 Flowsheet for method 1 Figure 4 Flowsheet for method 2 Figure 5 Flowsheet for method 3 BS ISO 3085:2002ISO 3085:2002(E) 77 Analysis of experimental data 7.1 General The method for analysis of experimental data shall be as specified in 7.2 to 7.4 depending on the method of sample preparati
