1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 3271:2015Iron ores for blast furnace anddirect reduction feedstocks Determination of the tumbleand abrasion indicesBS ISO 3271:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 3271:2015. Itsupersedes BS ISO 3271:2007 which is
2、 withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ISE/58, Iron ores.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are
3、responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 79283 0ICS 73.060.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStand
4、ards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 3271:2015 ISO 2015Iron ores for blast furnace and direct reduction feedstocks Determination of the tumble and abrasion indicesMinerais de fer pour charges de hauts fourneaux et pour procd
5、s par rduction directe Dtermination des indices de cohsion et dabrasionINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO3271Fifth edition2015-08-01Reference numberISO 3271:2015(E)BS ISO 3271:2015ISO 3271:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved
6、. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at
7、 the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 3271:2015ISO 3271:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative
8、 references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 15 Sampling, sample preparation, and preparation of test portions 15.1 Sampling and sample preparation . 15.2 Preparation of test portions 26 Apparatus . 26.1 General . 27 Procedure. 37.1 Number of determinations for the test 37.2 Tumbling 37.3 Sie
9、ving 38 Expression of results 38.1 Calculation of the tumble index (TI) and abrasion index (AI) . 38.2 Repeatability and acceptance of test results . 49 Test report . 410 Verification . 4Annex A (normative) Flowsheet of the procedure for the acceptance of test results 6 ISO 2015 All rights reserved
10、iiiContents PageBS ISO 3271:2015ISO 3271:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each me
11、mber body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International E
12、lectrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different type
13、s of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be h
14、eld responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is informati
15、on given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the fo
16、llowing URL: Foreword - Supplementary information.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 102, Iron ore and direct reduced iron, Subcommittee SC 3, Physical testing.This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 3271:2007), of which it constitutes a minor revision to c
17、ontemplate the care needed during hand sieving, to introduce the mechanical sieving, and to exclude the reference to ISO 4701.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 3271:2015ISO 3271:2015(E)IntroductionThis International Standard concerns one of a number of physical test methods that have been develo
18、ped to measure various physical parameters and to evaluate the behaviour of iron ores, including reducibility, disintegration, crushing strength, apparent density, etc. This method was developed to provide a uniform procedure, validated by collaborative testing, to facilitate comparisons of tests ma
19、de in different laboratories.The results of this test have to be considered in conjunction with other tests used to evaluate the quality of iron ores as feedstocks for blast furnace and direct reduction processes.This International Standard can be used to provide test results as part of a production
20、 quality-control system, as a basis of a contract, or as part of a research project. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 3271:2015BS ISO 3271:2015Iron ores for blast furnace and direct reduction feedstocks Determination of the tumble and abrasion indicesCAUTION This International Standard may invol
21、ve hazardous operations and equipment. This International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety issues associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
22、 regulatory limitations prior to its use.1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method to provide a relative measure for evaluating the resistance of iron ores to size degradation by impact and abrasion. It covers the determination of the tumble and abrasion indices.This International Standa
23、rd is applicable to lump ores, sinters, and hot-bonded pellets.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
24、latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3082, Iron ores Sampling and sample preparation proceduresISO 33101, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire clothISO 33102, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 2
25、: Test sieves of perforated metal plateISO 11323, Iron ore and direct reduced iron Vocabulary3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11323 apply.4 PrincipleThe test portion is tumbled in a circular drum for a total of 200 revolutions, at 25 r/
26、min. The product material is sieved with test sieves having square openings of 6,30 mm and 500 m. The tumble index is expressed as the mass percentage of material greater than 6,30 mm and the abrasion index as the mass percentage of material less than 500 m.5 Sampling, sample preparation, and prepar
27、ation of test portions5.1 Sampling and sample preparationSampling of a lot and preparation of a test sample shall be in accordance with ISO 3082.The size range for pellets shall be 40,0 mm + 6,30 mm.The size range for sinters and lump ores shall be 40,0 mm + 10,0 mm.A test sample of at least 60 kg,
28、on a dry basis, of the sized material shall be obtained.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3271:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 3271:2015ISO 3271:2015(E)Oven-dry the test sample to constant mass at 105 C 5 C and cool it to room temperature before preparation of the test portions.NOTE Constant m
29、ass is achieved when the difference in mass between two subsequent measurements becomes less than 0,05 % of the initial mass of the test sample.5.2 Preparation of test portionsThe test portions shall be obtained from the test sample using the division methods given in ISO 3082.For pellets, at least
30、four test portions, each of 15 kg 0,15 kg mass shall be prepared.For sinters and lump ores, the test sample shall be separated into four fractions by sieving through 25,0 mm, 16,0 mm, and 10,0 mm sieves. From the material on the three sieves, at least four test portions, each of 15 kg 0,15 kg mass,
31、shall be reconstituted by taking a proportionate mass of material from each of the fractions. Register the mass of each test portion on its recipient label.6 Apparatus6.1 GeneralThe test apparatus shall comprise the following:a) ordinary laboratory equipment, such as an oven, hand tools, and safety
32、equipment;b) tumble drum and rotation equipment;c) test sieves;d) weighing device.6.2 Tumble drum, made of steel plate at least 5 mm in thickness, having an internal diameter of 1 000 mm and an internal length of 500 mm. Two equally spaced L-shaped steel lifters 50 mm flat 50 mm high 5 mm thick and
33、500 mm long shall be solidly attached longitudinally inside the drum by welding, in such a manner as to prevent accumulation of material between the lifter and drum. Each lifter shall be fastened so that it points towards the axis of the drum, with its attached leg pointing away from the direction o
34、f rotation, thus providing a clear unobstructed shelf for lifting the sample. The door shall be so constructed as to fit into the drum to form a smooth inner surface. During the test, the door shall be rigidly fastened and sealed to prevent loss of the sample. The drum shall be rotated on stub axles
35、 attached to its ends by flanges welded so as to provide smooth inner surfaces. The drum shall be replaced, in any case, when the thickness of the plate is reduced to 3 mm in any area. The lifters shall be replaced when the height of the shelf is reduced to less than 47 mm.Figure 1 shows an example
36、of a tumble drum.6.3 Drum rotation equipment, capable of ensuring that the drum attains full speed in one revolution, rotates at a constant speed of 25 r/min 1 r/min, and stops within one revolution. The equipment shall be fitted with a revolution counter and with an automatic device for stopping th
37、e drum after a predetermined number of revolutions.6.4 Test sieves, conforming to ISO 33101 or ISO 33102 and having square apertures of the following nominal sizes: 6,30 mm and 500 m.6.5 Weighing device, capable of weighing the test sample and test portions and having a sensitivity of 1/1 000 or bet
38、ter.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 3271:2015ISO 3271:2015(E)7 Procedure7.1 Number of determinations for the testCarry out the test as many times as required by the procedure in Annex A.7.2 TumblingTake, at random, one of the test portions prepared in 5.2, record its mass (m0), and place it in
39、the tumble drum (6.2). Tightly fasten the door and rotate the drum at 25 r/min 1 r/min for a total of 200 revolutions. Stop the drum and keep the door fastened for at least 2 min before opening, to allow the dust to settle.DANGER Tumbling can be noisy and care should be taken to protect the hearing
40、of the operator.It is recommended that putty or modelling clay be used to seal the door to prevent the loss of fines from the drum.7.3 SievingRemove all the material carefully from the drum and hand sieve it with care on the 6,30 mm and 500 m sieves (6.4). Determine and record the mass of each fract
41、ion retained on the 6,30 mm (m1) and 500 m (m2) sieves to the nearest 0,1 g. Material lost during sieving shall be considered to be part of the 500 m fraction.NOTE 1 Scalping sieves can be used to lessen the load on the critical sieves.NOTE 2 Equivalent mechanical sieving can be used provided that p
42、reliminary test programme is carried out according to ISO 3086, being the hand sieving the reference method.NOTE 3 Sieving results are influenced by the sieve shaker characteristics. Therefore, in cases in which two or more laboratories need to compare their results for commercial or research purpos
43、es, they can adjust the sieving conditions until they obtain identical results for the same test sample.The difference between the initial mass of the test portion and the total mass of the fractions shall not exceed 1,0 %. If this difference exceeds 1,0 %, the test shall be rejected.8 Expression of
44、 results8.1 Calculation of the tumble index (TI) and abrasion index (AI)The tumble index, TI, and the abrasion index, AI, expressed as percentages by mass, are calculated from Formula (1) and Formula (2), respectively:TI =mm10100 (1)AI =+()mmmm0120100 (2)wherem0is the mass, in kilograms, of the test
45、 portion as weighed out and placed in the tumble drum;m1is the mass, in kilograms, of +6,30 mm fraction of the tumbled test portion;m2is the mass, in kilograms, of 6,30 mm + 500 m fraction of the tumbled test portion.Record each result to one decimal place. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 3271:
46、2015ISO 3271:2015(E)8.2 Repeatability and acceptance of test resultsFollow the procedure in Annex A for each of the indices, by using the repeatability given in Table 1. The results shall be reported to one decimal place.Table 1 Repeatability (r)Tumble strengthr%, absoluteTumble index TI(+6,30 mm)1,
47、4Abrasion index AI(-500 m)0,89 Test reportThe test report shall include the following information:a) a reference to this International Standard, i.e. ISO 3271;b) all details necessary for the identification of the sample;c) the name and address of the test laboratory;d) the date of the test;e) the d
48、ate of the test report;f) the signature of the person responsible for the test;g) the details of any operation and any test conditions not specified in this International Standard or regarded as optional, as well as any incident which may have had an influence on the results;h) the tumble index, TI,
49、 and the abrasion index, AI;i) the type of sieve used.10 VerificationRegular checking of the apparatus is essential to ensure test-result reliability. The frequency of checking is a matter for each laboratory to determine.The conditions of the following items shall be checked: sieves; weighing device; tumble drum; drum rotation equipment.It is recommended that internal reference material be prepared and used periodically to check test repeatability.Appropriate records of verification activitie
