1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 3272-2:1994 Implementation of ISO 3272-2:1994 Microfilming of technical drawings and other drawing office documents Part 2: Quality criteria and control of35mm silver gelatin microfilms UDC 778.14:744:771.537BSISO 3272-2:1994 This British Standard, having been prepared under
2、the directionof the Information andDocumentation Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes intoeffect on 15 May 1994 BSI 03-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference DOT/16 Draft for comment 89/9584
3、1 DC ISBN 0 580 23155 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee (DOT/-) to Technical Committee DOT/16, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Computer So
4、ciety British Library British Office Technology Manufacturers Alliance British Photographic Association Cranfield Imaging and Document Management User Group Her Majestys Stationery Office KODAK Limited Library Association London Borough of Bromley National Centre for Information Media and Technology
5、 (Cimtech) United Kingdom Association for Information and Image Management The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Federation of the Electronics Industry Local Authority Organizations Ministry of Defence Royal Institute of British
6、 Architects Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO 3272-2:1994 BSI 03-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword iii Text of ISO 3272 1BSISO 3272-2:1994 ii BSI 03-1999 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbat
7、im ISO 3272-2:1994 and implements it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS 4210-2:1977 which is withdrawn. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee whose Technical Committee DOT/16 has the responsibility to: aid en
8、quirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards
9、, as well as overseas standards, are available from Customer Services, Publications, BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6LE. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compli
10、ance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 5 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) a
11、nd may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.ISO3272-2:1994(E) ii BSI 03-1999 Contents Page Foreword iii Introduction 1 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Quality requirements 1 5 Legibility 2 6 Test target 2 Annex
12、A (normative) Measurement of background density 5 Annex B (normative) Determination of resolution 5 Annex C (normative) Density control 5 Annex D (normative) Quality control of microimages in form other than rolls 5 Figure 1 Test target 4 Table 1 Background density requirements 2 Table 2 Legibility
13、requirements 3ISO3272-2:1994(E) BSI 03-1999 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each m
14、ember body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
15、Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies cast
16、ing a vote. International Standard ISO 3272-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 171, Micrographics and optical memories for document and image recording, storage and use. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3272-2:1978), of which it constitutes a technical revisi
17、on. ISO 3272 consists of the following parts, under the general title Microfilming of technical drawings and other drawing office documents: Part 1: Operating procedures; Part 2: Quality criteria and control of 35 mm silver gelatin microfilms; Part 3: Aperture card for 35 mm microfilm; Part 4: Micro
18、filming of drawings of special and exceptional elongated sizes; Part 5: Test procedures for duplicating diazo microfilm images in aperture cards; Part 6: Enlargement from 35 mm microfilm, quality criteria and control. Annex A, Annex B, Annex C and Annex D form an integral part of this part ofISO 327
19、2.iv blankISO3272-2:1994(E) BSI 03-1999 1 Introduction Drawing offices produce, in addition to drawings, documents which differ in purpose, form and intention. Easy exchanges of such documentation between organizations should be possible without ambiguities arising from the use of the information th
20、ey contain. Microfilming enables the information contained in drawing office documents to be reduced to small dimensions thus facilitating survey, transport, handling and storage. Faithful reconstitution of a microform can only be accomplished readily if the microform satisfies precise requirements
21、with respect to dimensions and quality. The quality requirements themselves can be fulfilled readily only if the original document is prepared in accordance with strict specifications adapted to microform size and the selected reduction ratios. This part of ISO 3272 specifies particular aspects of m
22、icrofilming technical drawings and other drawing office documents on black-and-white 35mm silver microfilm. 1 Scope This part of ISO 3272 specifies the procedures for maintaining and checking the quality and reproducibility of 35 mm silver-gelatin-type microfilm in black-and-white. It is applicable
23、to first generation, second generation and distribution silver copies, processed in accordance with ISO 10602 and produced on microfilm cameras from hard copy. It is applicable to the microfilming of all documents prepared by drawing offices, such as technical drawings, architects plans, calculation
24、 notes, specifications and parts lists. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO3272. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and pa
25、rties to agreements based on this part of ISO3272 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 5-2:1991, Photography Density measurements
26、Part 2: Geometric conditions for transmission density. ISO 5-3:1984, Photography Density measurements Part 3: Spectral conditions. ISO 446:1991, Micrographics ISO character and ISO test chart No. 1 Description and use. ISO 3272-1:1983, Microfilming of technical drawings and other drawing office docu
27、ments Part 1: Operating procedures. ISO 3272-3:1975, Microcopying of technical drawings and other drawing office documents Part 3: Unitized 35mm microfilm carriers. ISO 3272-4:1994, Microfilming of technical drawings and other drawing office documents Part 4: Microfilming of drawings of special and
28、exceptional elongated sizes. ISO 3334:1989, Micrographics ISO resolution test chart No. 2 Description and use. ISO 4330:1987, Photography Determination of the curl of photographic film. ISO 5466:1992, Photography Processed safety photographic films Storage practices. ISO 6196-1:1993, Micrographics V
29、ocabulary Part 01: General terms. ISO 6196-2:1993, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 02: Image positions and methods of recording. ISO 6196-3:1983, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 03: Film processing. ISO 6196-4:1987, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 04: Materials and packaging. ISO 6196-5:1987, Micrographic
30、s Vocabulary Part 05: Quality of images, legibility, inspection. ISO 6196-6:1992, Micrographics Vocabulary Part 06: Equipment. ISO 10602:1993, Photography Processed silver-gelatin type black-and-white film Specifications for stability. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO3272, the defi
31、nitions given in ISO6196 apply. 4 Quality requirements 4.1 General The quality of each image recorded on the microfilm shall be such that every line and character of the document microfilmed is recorded with sufficient contrast and definition to be legible and reproducible up to and including the di
32、stribution copy. 4.2 Rejection Any microimage frame not complying with the requirements of this part of ISO3272 shall be suitably defaced. 4.3 Processing To give a stable image, the microfilm shall be processed in accordance with ISO10602.ISO3272-2:1994(E) 2 BSI 03-1999 4.4 Defects The microfilm sha
33、ll be free from scratches, finger marks, drying marks or any other defects which would impair either the quality of a reproduction made from the film or its legibility when used in a microfilm reader. 4.5 Curl The microfilm shall be free from excessive curl, when measured in accordance with method A
34、 of ISO4330. When using samples equal to the dimensions of the piece of film to be mounted in the aperture card, the maximum curl of microfilm, after exposure and processing, shall not exceed the following limits: transverse curl: 6; longitudinal curl: 8. 4.6 Protective coating If a protective coati
35、ng is applied to the film, it shall not impair the quality required by this part of ISO3272 or the archival quality (see ISO5466). 4.7 Gross background density When determined by the method given in Annex A, the background density of the document image area of a negative-appearing or positive-appear
36、ing silver microfilm shall be within the appropriate range given in Table 1. All densities shall be visual diffuse transmission densities specified in ISO5-2 and ISO5-3. Table 1 Background density requirements 4.8 Base-plus-fog density Base-plus-fog density shall not exceed 0,12 determined as visual
37、 diffuse transmission density specified in ISO5-2 and ISO5-3. 5 Legibility When a microimage of a test chart on a first or second generation or a distribution microform is examined in accordance with the method given in ISO446 (ISO test chart No. 1) or ISO3334 (ISO test chart No. 2), the characters
38、or patterns corresponding to the values given in Table 2 shall be legible. When tested by the method given in Annex B, the quality of all processed microfilm shall be such that the character sizes or the pattern numbers shown in Table 2 for the appropriate generations and reduction ratios are resolv
39、ed (see ISO446 or ISO3334). 6 Test target At the start of the roll, the test target shall be microfilmed once at the lowest reduction ratio that is used, for example 1 : 15 or 1 : 16. It shall also be microfilmed either at the end of the roll, once for each reduction ratio used within the roll, or e
40、ach time the reduction ratio is changed. Advice on the use of the test chart with other systems is given in Annex D. The test target shall comprise the following features, arranged as shown in Figure 1: a) five ISO test charts of the same type eitherISONo. 1 (see ISO 446) or ISO No. 2 (seeISO 3334);
41、 b) a card showing the reduction ratio used for filming the target, having white numerals atleast 25mm high on a black background; c) reflectance patches, i.e. a grey, spectrally neutral, matt-finished patch atleast150mm 150mm with a reflectance factor within the range 47% to 53% and a dark, spectra
42、lly neutral, matt-finished patch with a reflectance factor within the range 5,6%to 6,4% (see Annex C); d) a reduction ratio test strip of sufficient contrast to the background to permit easy measurement of the length of the image recorded on the microform, and having a length, in millimetres, numeri
43、cally equal to ten times the reduction factor to be used. There shall be test target formats for each reduction ratio. They shall either be microfilmed separately or several formats shall be combined and microfilmed on one test target. The centre of the array of test patterns in the centrally placed
44、 ISO test chart No. 1 or No. 2 shall be placed within 6mm of the centre of the target, with the edges of the test chart parallel to the edges of the test frame and with the legend of the test chart in the same orientation as any other printed matter on the test target. First generation Second genera
45、tion Distribution copy Negative- appearing Positive- appearing 0,9 to 1,2 0,16 max. 0,9 to 1,2 0,16 max. 0,9 to 1,3 0,20 max.ISO3272-2:1994(E) BSI 03-1999 3 The test charts placed at the corners shall be positioned so that the centre of the array of test patterns in ISO test chart No. 1 or No. 2 is
46、within6mm of a test target diagonal line, at a distance (19,4 R) mm from the centre. If the reduction ratios do not conform to the values inTable 2, for example those used for documents of sizes other than those in the A series, the test charts shall be positioned on the diagonal at the same radial
47、distance. The corner charts shall be oriented so that one edge of the chart is parallel to the diagonal of the test target and the legend reads from left to right, viewed from the centre of the test target. NOTE 1The use of a test target indicates that the whole system used for filming, processing a
48、nd duplication is consistent with the requirements of this part of ISO3272 but it does not guarantee the quality of every microimage. Table 2 Legibility requirements Reduction ratio ISO test chart No. 1 character size ISO test chart No. 2 pattern number 1st generation 2nd generation Distribution 1st
49、 generation 2nd generation Distribution 1 : 30 1 : 24 1 : 21,2 1 : 16 1 : 15 90 80 71 56 56 100 90 80 63 63 112 100 90 71 71 4,5 5,0 5,6 7,1 7,1 4,0 4,5 5,0 6,3 6,3 3,6 4,0 4,5 5,6 5,6ISO3272-2:1994(E) 4 BSI 03-1999 Figure 1 Test targetISO3272-2:1994(E) BSI 03-1999 5 Annex A (normative) Measurement of background density A.1 Sampling Microfilm shall be passed over an illuminated panel to be examined for any noticeable density changes. Densitometer readings shall be taken of fram
