1、 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 3888-1:1999 ICS 43
2、020 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Passenger cars Test track for a severe lane-change manoeuvre Part 1: Double-lane changeThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of
3、 the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 November 1999 BSI 11-1999 ISBN 0 580 35348 6 BS ISO 3888-1:1999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 3888-1:1999 and implements it as the UK national standard. T
4、he UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AUE/15, Safety related to vehicles, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for cha
5、nge, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or E
6、uropean publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the n
7、ecessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page
8、 pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 5 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.A Referencenumbe r ISO38881:1999 (E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 38881 Firstedition 19991001 PassengercarsTesttrackforasevere lanechangemano
9、euvre Part1: Doublelanechange VoituresparticuliresPistedessaidedbotementlatralbrusque Partie1:DoubledbotementISO38881:1999(E) ii Foreword ISO (the InternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISO memberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisn
10、ormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnical committees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhas therighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnongovernmental,in liaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInt
11、ernationalElectrotechnical Commission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization. InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3. DraftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtoth ememberbodiesforvoting. PublicationasanInter
12、nationalStandardrequiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote. InternationalStandardISO 38881waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC 22,Roadvehicles , SubcommitteeSC9, Vehicledynamicsandroadholdingability . ItcancelsandreplacesISO/TR 3888:1975.Duetothesubjectivenatureofthetest,onlyth edime
13、nsionsfora severedoublelanechangetrackhavebeenretainedfromISO/TR3888forthispar t of ISO 3888. This should result inmorecomparablemeasurementswhenuse d for investigations on vehicle dynamics. Theprincipleandexamples oftestsonseverelanechangemanoeuvresspecifiedinISO/TR3888havebeenincludedinISO38881for
14、 information(seeannexA). ISO 3888consistsofthefollowingparts,underth e general title, RoadvehiclesTestprocedureforaseverelane changemanoeuvre: Part1:Doublelanechange Part2:Obstacleavoidance AnnexAofthispartofISO3888isforinformationonly. ISO38881:1999(E) iii Introduction Theseverelanechangemanoeuvrei
15、sawellknowntestmethodwhichisgenerallyusedforsubjectiveevaluation ofvehicledynamics. TheseverelanechangemanoeuvretestmethodwaspreviouslydescribedinaTechnicalReport(ISO/TR),and untilnowhasnotbeendealtwithinanInternationalStandard.Thereasonforthiswasthatthedriverhasagreat influenceontestresults.Thetest
16、methoditselfhasnowbeenplacedinaninformativeannex,permittingthe specificationforthetesttracktobepublishedasanInternationalStandard.Noclosedlooptesthassofarbeen specifiedinanInternationalStandardforthepurposeofinvestigatingvehicledynamics. Sincetestperformedontheseverelanechangetrackquantifiesonlyasma
17、llpartofcompletehandling characteristics, the results obtained on thistesttrackcanonlybeconsideredsignificantforacorrespondinglysmall aspectofoverallvehicledynamicsbehaviour.Therefore,itisnotpossiblet ousethispartofISO 3888andtest resultsforregulationpurposes.INTERNATIONALSTANDARD ISO38881:1999(E) 1
18、 PassengercarsTesttrackforaseverelanechange manoeuvre Part1: Doublelanechange 1Scope ThispartofISO3888specifiesthedimensionsofthetesttrackforaclosedlooptestmethodtosubjectively determineadoublelanechangewhichisonepartofthevehicledynamicsandroadholdingabilityofpassenger cars.Itisapplicabletopassenger
19、carsasdefinedinISO 3833.Itisalsoapplicabletoligh tcommercialvehiclesup toagrossvehiclemassof3,5t. 2Normativereference Thefollowingnormativedocumentcontainsprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthis text, constitute provisions of this partofISO 3888.F or datedr eferences,s ubsequentamendmentsto,orrevisio
20、nsof,anyofthesepublicationsdonot apply.However,partiestoagreementsbasedon this part of ISO 3888 are encouragedtoinvestigateth e possibility of applying themostrecenteditionofthenormativedocumentindicatedbelow.Forundatedreferences,thelatestedition ofthenormativedocumentreferredtoapplies.MembersofISOa
21、ndIECmaintainregistersofcurrentlyvalid InternationalStandards. ISO3833:1977, RoadvehiclesTypesTermsanddefinitions . 3Termanddefinition ForthepurposesofthispartofISO3888thefollowingtermanddefinitionapply. 3.1 vehiclewidth overallwidthofthevehiclewithoutrearviewmirrorsISO38881:1999(E) 2 4Specification
22、s 4.1Dimensionsofthedoublelanechangetrack Track dimensions for adoublelanechangearerepresentedinFigur e 1andspecifiedinTabl e 1.Thevehicletobe testedisdriventhroughthistrack. Thelengthsoftracksectionsarefixed.Thewidthsareafunctionofvehicl e width. The total length of the track shall be125m. Key 1 Dr
23、ivingdirection 4 Section1 7 Section4 2 Laneoffset 5 Section2 8 Section5 3 Width 6 Section3 9 Section6 Figure1Doublelanechangetrackanddesignationofsections Table1Dimensionsofthedoublelanechangetrack Dimensionsinmetres Section Length Laneoffset Width 1 15 1,1 vehiclewidth +0,25 2 30 3 25 3,5 1,2 vehic
24、lewidth +0,25 4 25 5 15 1,3 vehiclewidth +0,25 6 15 1,3 vehiclewidth +0,25 4.2Markingofthedoublelanechangetrack The double lanechang e track shall be marked withconesofminimumheight50 0 mm;suitableconesaredepicted in Figure 2. The cones shall be placed at pointsspecifiedbyFigur e 3,andthetracklimits
25、shallbetangentialtothe basecirclesofthecones. ISO38881:1999(E) 3 Dimensionsinmillimetres Key 1 Basecircleofcone Figure2Coneusedformarkingdoublelanechangetrack Key 1 Drivingdirection 4 Section1 7 Section4 2 Laneoffset 5 Section2 8 Section5 3 Width 6 Section3 9 Section6 Figure3Placingofconesformarking
26、thedoublelanechangetrackISO38881:1999(E) 4 AnnexA (informative) Testmethod A.1Severedoublelanechangemanoeuvre A.1.1Principle Theseveredoublelanechangemanoeuvreisadynamicprocessconsistingofrapidlydrivingavehiclefromits initiallanetoanotherlaneparalleltotheinitiallane,andreturningtotheinitiallane,with
27、ou texceedinglane boundaries. A.1.2Useasanevaluationmethodforcertainaspectsofroadholdingability Thebasicideainthechoiceoftheseverelanechangemanoeuvreintheyear1970wast o create a test method for transientroadholdingabilitywithwhichtheclosedcontrolloopcouldbetestedinasituationencounteredintraffic. Ori
28、ginallytheproposedtestseemedtobesuitableforthispurposesincethedriver wasnotonlytoobservethe givenlanesbutalsotoselectthevehiclepathwithinthetracklimits. This process, which could be describedasatypeofanticipatorycontrol,isofgreatimportanceforthebehaviourof thesystem“drivervehicleenvironment ”inactua
29、ldrivingsituations.Here,thetaskisnearlyalwaystoselecta propercourseandtokeeponitwithcertainaccuracygiventhesituation. A.1.3Problems Intryingtokeepthetestmethodassimpleaspossible,thepassingtimethroughth ecoursewasfirstproposedas thesoleevaluationcriterion.Numerouscomparativetestsindifferentcountriesl
30、edtotheconclusionthatthis criterionwasinsufficient.Forthisreason,numerousmeasurementsweresubsequentlymadeinwhichth evehicle input values and the relevant responses of the vehicle,togetherwiththesubjectiveevaluationbythedrivers,were coveredbydifferentcriteria. Theevaluationofalltestsgaveindetailthefo
31、llowingresultsanddemonstratedthefollowingproblems: althoughthetestwasdevelopedfortestinglateraldynamics,itwasfoundthatthelongitudinaldynamics (usabilityoftheenginepower)hadastronginfluence,whichexplainedaconsiderableamoun t of scatter in the dataandthusreflectedontheresults; theeliminationoflongitud
32、inaldynamicsdidnotleadtothedesiredresultinthecorrelationbetweenindividual measuredvaluesandsubjectiveevaluationcriteria; thedifferentpathsfollowedindifferenttestsalsobroughtabout aconsiderableamountofscatterinthedata andthustheresults. A.1.4Consequences For the reasons given in A.1.2 toA.1.3,thisInt
33、ernationalStandarddefinesonlythedimensionsofthetesttrackfor subjectiveevaluationofvehicledynamics. ISO38881:1999(E) 5 A.2Exampleoftests A.2.1General Onlyskilleddriversshallbeallowedtoperformthetest.Apassageisfaultlesswhennoneofth econespositioned asspecifiedin4.2havebeendisplaced. Themeasuringdistan
34、ce,forinstancetoevaluatetheaveragespeed,startsatthebeginningofsection1and finishesattheendofsection5. Thegearorselectorpositionengagedduringthetestshallbestatedinthetestreport. A.2.2Test1 The recommended speedofentryintosectio n 1is(8 0 3) km/h.Higherorlowerspeedsmaybeused.Thespeed ofentryshallbemen
35、tionedinthetestreport. Overthetestcoursethethrottlepositionshallbeheldassteadyaspossible. Furtherconstraints,suchassteerstrategyused,maybeapplied. Thespeedofexitfromsection5shallbestatedinthetestreport. Sometypicalusesofthistestare: toevaluate,withrespecttotime,thesteerinputormotionparameters; toeva
36、luatedrivercontrolstrategies; tosubjectivelyevaluatethevehicle. A.2.3Test2 Thespeedofentryintosection1shallbethemaximumpossiblespeedtocompletethetestcourse. Twoalternativethrottlepositionscanbeconsidered: overthetestcoursethethrottlepositionshallbeheldassteadyaspossible;ifnecessary ,thethrottleposit
37、ion suitableforthistestconditioncanbedeterminedbypreliminarytests; anythrottlepositioncanbeusedduringthetest. Thealternativechosenshallbestatedinthetestreport.BS ISO 3888-1:1999 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
38、 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents
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