1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 4433-1:1997 BS 2782-11: Method 1161A: 1998 Thermoplastics pipes Resistance to liquid chemicals Classification Part 1: Immersion test method ICS 23.040.20BSISO 4433-1:1997 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Board forMaterials and Chem
2、icals, waspublished under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 March 1998 BSI 06-1999 ISBN 0 580 29134 0 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO 4433-1:1997 BSI 06-1999 i Contents Page National foreword ii Foreword iii Text of ISO 4433-1 1BSISO 443
3、3-1:1997 ii BSI 06-1999 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 4433-1:1997 and implements it as the UK national standard. This international standard is incorporated into BS 2782 Methods of testing plastics: Part 11: Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and valves, as Method 1161A
4、, for association with related test methods for plastics materials and plastics piping components. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/61, Plastics piping systems and components, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; prese
5、nt to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be
6、 obtained on request to its secretary. NOTE 1The UK Technical Committee considers that users of this standard need to apply care to select or agree what thickness of test piece is to be used, for the following reasons. a) According to 3.1, test pieces “are taken from pipes, of wall thickness prefera
7、bly between 1,8 mm and 3,2 mm, made from the material to be tested”. In 6.3, the 1,8 mm to 3,2 mm range has become normative: the preferred range is now 2,2 mm 0,3mm. b) According to Figure 1, the wall thickness shall conform to ISO 6259-2 and ISO 6259-3, as applicable. For the concurrent 1st editio
8、ns of these standards (December 1997), the test piece thickness is the full wall thickness of the pipe. For raw material tests, use of a comparable arbitrary thickness is appropriate, and used for the purposes of ISO 175. In principle however, the UK Technical Committee considers that it is the full
9、 wall thickness that should be tested for the purposes of ISO 4433, which is for assessing pipes, and supports the conformity to ISO 6259 required by Figure 1. In practice, very few pipes have a wall thickness of less than 3 mm, which makes the thickness range and preferred range in 6.3 impracticabl
10、e in most instances. In such cases use of the wall thickness in the manufacturers range nearest to3mm might be the most appropriate. NOTE 2In 4.2, “Auxiliary materials” should be read as “Ancillary materials”. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publicati
11、ons referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. WARNING NOTE. This British Standard, which is identical with ISO 4433-1:1
12、997, does not necessarily detail all the precautions necessary to meet the requirements of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. Attention should be paid to any appropriate safety precautions and the method should be operated only by trained personnel. A British Standard does not purport to i
13、nclude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pa
14、ges i and ii, theISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 10 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BSISO4433-1:1997 ii BSI 06-1999 Contents Page Forewor
15、d iii Introduction 1 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Principle 1 4 Materials 2 5 Apparatus 2 6 Test pieces 2 7 Immersion procedure 3 8 Determination of the change in mass as a function of the immersion period 4 9 Determination of changes in tensile properties 5 10 Test report 6 Annex A (informa
16、tive) Example of a suitable format for the change in mass plot 8 Annex B (informative) Change in mass with time of immersion Types of curve 9 Annex C (informative) Bibliography 10 Figure 1 Test piece 3 Table 1 Test temperatures 4 Table 2 Test speed for properties other than elastic modulus 5BSISO443
17、3-1:1997 BSI 06-1999 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested i
18、n a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commis
19、sion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least75% of the member bodies casting a vote. Internationa
20、l Standard ISO 4433-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fittings and valves for the transport of fluids, Subcommittee SC 3, Plastics pipes and fittings for industrial applications. Together with the other parts (see below), this part of ISO 4433 cancels and replaces ISO
21、 4433:1984, which has been technically revised. ISO 4433 consists of the following parts, under the general title Thermoplastics pipes Resistance to chemical fluids Classification: Part 1: Immersion test method; Part 2: Polyolefin pipes; Part 3: Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), high-impac
22、t poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-HI) and chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) pipes; Part 4: Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) pipes. Annex A to Annex C of this part of ISO 4433 are for information only. Descriptors: Pipes (tubes), thermoplastic resins, plastic tubes, tests, immersion tests, determina
23、tion, chemical resistance, classification.iv blankBSISO 4433-1:1997 BSI 06-1999 1 Introduction Because of their varied applications, thermoplastics pipes are frequently required to convey or be in contact with materials such as chemical products, fuels, lubricants, and sometimes their vapours. Under
24、 the action of a liquid, the wall of a thermoplastics pipe can be the location for several concurrent phenomena; on the one hand, absorption of liquid and/or extraction of its soluble constituents from the pipe walls into the liquid; on the other hand, a chemical reaction usually involving a signifi
25、cant change in the properties of the pipe. The phenomena also differ according to the external and internal stresses affecting the pipes conveying the products (e.g. temperature, pressure, wall thickness). By stresses are meant those forces caused by internal or external factors such as temperature,
26、 variation of temperature, inside pressure, bending, internal stresses. Internal stresses could be caused, for instance, by fast quenching of thick-walled pipes. As the conditions of use vary a great deal, it is important to carry out a preliminary determination of the chemical resistance of thermop
27、lastics pipes by means of simple, straightforward tests. The purpose of this International Standard is to provide a procedure for the experimental test methods. Some liquids (e.g. wetting agents) may cause cracking in specimens subject to tensile stress, whilst not affecting the properties of specim
28、ens not under stress. The strip bending test as specified in ISO 45993 (see Annex C) or the constant tensile stress method as specified in ISO 62524 will give an indication of the susceptibility of the material to stress cracking. For polyolefin materials, attention is also drawn to ISO 134807. The
29、extrapolation of the results obtained with this method, expressed as: for any kind of pipe or fitting may be made only when high internal stresses are not induced in the pipe. In order to assess the behaviour of pipes and fittings for the conveyance of liquids under pressure or in the presence of ot
30、her stresses, in cases when the preliminary classification is S or L, it will be necessary to carry out further tests as specified in ISO 8584-15. NOTE 1This International Standard is also applicable to thermoplastics sheet as appropriate. NOTE 2A collection of results obtained by this method for se
31、veral types of plastics is contained in ISO/TR 10358. 1 Scope 1.1 This part of ISO 4433 specifies a method for carrying out a preliminary evaluation of the behaviour of thermoplastics pipes in relation to the liquid chemicals transported. 1.2 This method of classification provides information on the
32、 suitability of pipes for transporting liquid chemicals in the absence of pressure or stresses such as earth loads, dynamic stresses and internal stresses. 1.3 A full procedure for carrying out the test is also reported in ISO 175, which is devoted to plastics in general, and not specifically to the
33、rmoplastics pipes. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 4433. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements
34、based on this part of ISO 4433 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 175:1981, Plastics Determination of the effects of liquid chem
35、icals, including water. ISO 527-2:1993, Plastics Determination of tensile .properties Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics. ISO 5893:1993, Rubber and plastics test equipment Tensile, flexural and compression types (constant rate of traverse) Description. ISO 6259-2:, Thermopla
36、stics pipes Determination of tensile properties Part 2: Pipes made of unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U), chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-C) and high-impact poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-HI) 1) . ISO 6259-3:, Thermoplastics pipes Determination of tensile properties Part3:Polyolefin pipes 1
37、) . 3 Principle 3.1 Standard test pieces (of the type used for tensile tests see Figure 1) are taken from pipes, of wall thickness preferably between1,8 mmand3,2mm, made from the material to be tested (see ISO 527-2). satisfactory resistance S limited resistance L non-satisfactory resistance NS 1) T
38、o be published.BSISO 4433-1:1997 2 BSI 06-1999 3.2 The test pieces are completely immersed in the liquid chemical being used for the test. 3.3 The immersion periods are standardized and chosen according to the change in mass of the test pieces as a function of time, in particular to the state of sat
39、uration or equilibrium as indicated by a plateau in the curve of change in mass. NOTEAdditional information is required when the pipes are permeable to the liquids transported; electrostatic surface charges present a risk (liquids with a flash point of less than55 C; the flash point can be determine
40、d by ISO 15161 or ISO 36802); the immersion liquid can produce particular effects, such as stress cracking phenomena, which this method does not cover. 4 Materials 4.1 Test liquids 4.1.1 When information is required on the behaviour of a thermoplastic pipe used to transport a specific liquid, this l
41、iquid shall normally be used. 4.1.2 The composition of industrial liquids is not, in general, absolutely constant; whenever possible, therefore, the test shall be carried out in defined chemical liquids used on their own or in mixtures, and so that it is as representative as possible of the action o
42、f the products in question. 4.1.3 The volume of liquid required for one immersion temperature shall be about 10 l. 4.2 Auxiliary materials 4.2.1 Filter paper or similar material, for drying the test pieces. 4.2.2 Petroleum ether or ethanol, for cleaning specimens. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Containers, with a
43、cover or stopper, to hold the test liquid in cases where its vapour pressure is negligible at the immersion temperature, or containers with a reflux condenser or containers that can be sealed (e.g. autoclaves) for liquids which are volatile at the immersion temperature. 5.2 Controlled atmosphere enc
44、losure, constant-temperature bath or oven, capable of maintaining the containers at the required temperature to within 2 C. 5.3 Balance, with a limit of error of1mg. 5.4 Tall-form weighing bottle. 5.5 Micrometer or its equivalent, for measuring the test piece thickness and width to an accuracy of0,0
45、2mm. 5.6 Tensile-testing machine, with test speeds of1mm/min,25 mm/min and100mm/min, an extensometer accurate to 2,5% and a clamping device. The load capability and measurement accuracy shall be in accordance with ISO 5893. The load and elongation data shall be obtained as automatically recorded cur
46、ves or by direct observation. 6 Test pieces 6.1 Shape and dimensions The shape and dimensions of the test piece shall be as given in Figure 1. NOTEThis test piece is half the size of the type 1B test piece specified in ISO 527-2. 6.2 Number of test pieces The minimum number of test pieces to be prep
47、ared shall be 20 for each test liquid at each temperature. 6.3 Preparation of test pieces The pipes used for providing test pieces shall conform to the following conditions: they shall have been extruded at least 3 days previously except for polybutylene (PB) for which the extrusion shall have been
48、at least 10 days previously; they shall conform to the applicable specifications for thermoplastics pipes; the pipe shall have a wall thickness between1,8mm and3,2mm, preferably 2,2mm 0,3mm, and an outside diameter preferably from75mm to110mm. Test pieces shall be prepared in such a way that their a
49、xis is parallel to that of the pipe and shall be taken regularly from around its circumference. 6.4 Conditioning of test pieces before testing The immersion test and the tests on the non-immersed test pieces shall not be carried out until the test pieces have been kept at23 C 2 C and (50 5)% relative humidity for a minimum of24 h.BSISO 4433-1:1997 BSI 06-1999 3 7 Immersion procedure 7.1 General Use the general test procedure given in ISO 175 with the following more detailed require
