1、Acoustics Methods for calculating loudnessPart 2: Moore-Glasberg methodBS ISO 532-2:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 ISO 2017Acoustics Methods for calculating loudness Part 2: Moore-Glasberg methodAcoustique Mthode de calcul disosonie Partie 2: Mt
2、hode Moore-GlasbergINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO532-2First edition2017-06Reference numberISO 532-2:2017(E)National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 532-2:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/1, Acoustics.A list of organizations
3、 represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 97
4、8 0 580 81404 4ICS 17.140.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH
5、STANDARDBS ISO 5322:2017 ISO 2017Acoustics Methods for calculating loudness Part 2: Moore-Glasberg methodAcoustique Mthode de calcul disosonie Partie 2: Mthode Moore-GlasbergINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO532-2First edition2017-06Reference numberISO 532-2:2017(E)BS ISO 5322:2017ISO 532-2:2017(E)ii ISO 201
6、7 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the in
7、ternet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47cop
8、yrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 5322:2017ISO 532-2:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, ele
9、ctronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Verni
10、er, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgISO 532-2:2017(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 General 55 Specifications of signals 55.1 General . 55.2 Complex tone 55.3 Noise consisting of bands of
11、 pink or white noise of defined width . 55.4 Mixture of discrete sinusoidal components and bands of pink or white noise . 65.5 Sound specified in terms of the sound pressure levels in 29 adjacent one-third-octave bands 66 Instrumentation 67 Description of the method 77.1 Introduction 77.2 Determinat
12、ion of sound spectrum at the tympanic membrane . 77.2.1 General 77.2.2 Free field and diffuse field transfer functions for sound picked up by a single microphone 87.2.3 Earphones 87.2.4 Signal recorded at eardrum 87.2.5 Head and torso simulator . 87.2.6 Interpolation and extrapolation . 87.3 Determi
13、nation of sound spectrum at the oval window . 97.4 Transformation of sound spectrum into excitation pattern .107.5 Transformation of excitation pattern into specific loudness .137.5.1 Introduction 137.5.2 Reference excitation at the reference threshold of hearing .147.5.3 Gain of the cochlear amplif
14、ier for inputs with low sound pressure levels .147.5.4 Calculation of specific loudness from excitation when ETHRQ/E0 E/E0.157.5.5 Calculation of specific loudness from excitation when ETHRQ/E0 E/E0.157.5.6 Calculation of specific loudness from excitation when E 1010158 Calculation of loudness and l
15、oudness level .168.1 Calculation of monaural and binaural loudness (diotic and dichotic stimuli) 168.2 Relationship between loudness level and loudness 178.3 Calculation of the reference threshold of hearing .189 Uncertainty of calculated loudness for stationary sounds 1810 Data reporting 19Annex A
16、(informative) Comments regarding binaural loudness20Annex B (informative) Results for specific test signals 21Annex C (informative) Software for the calculation of loudness .26Bibliography .27 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 5322:2017ISO 532-2:2017(E)ForewordISO (the Internationa
17、l Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been es
18、tablished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardi
19、zation.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance w
20、ith the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
21、any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endors
22、ement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following U
23、RL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .htmlThis document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics.A list of all parts in the ISO 532- series, published under the general title Acoustics Methods for calculating loudness, can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO
24、 5322:2017ISO 532-2:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested
25、in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commi
26、ssion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents sh
27、ould be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible fo
28、r identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for th
29、e convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in t
30、he Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .htmlThis document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics.A list of all parts in the ISO 532- series, published under the general title Acoustics Methods for calculating loudness, can be found
31、on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 532-2:2017(E)IntroductionLoudness and loudness level are two perceptual attributes of sound describing absolute and relative sensations of sound strength perceived by a person under specific listening conditions. Due to inherent individual diffe
32、rences among people, both loudness and loudness level have the nature of statistical estimators characterized by their respective measures of central tendency and dispersion determined for a specific sample of the general population.The object of the ISO 532- series is to specify calculation procedu
33、res based on physical properties of sound for estimating loudness and loudness level of sound as perceived by persons with otologically normal hearing under specific listening conditions. Each procedure seeks single numbers that can be used in many scientific and technical applications to estimate t
34、he perceived loudness and loudness level of sound without conducting separate human observer studies for each application. Because loudness is a perceived quantity, the perception of which may vary among people, any calculated loudness value represents only an estimate of the average loudness as per
35、ceived by a group of individuals with otologically normal hearingISO 532-1 and ISO 532-2 specify two different methods for calculating loudness which may yield different results for given sounds. Since no general preference for one or the other method can presently be stated, it is up to the user to
36、 select the method which appears most appropriate for the given situation. Some major features of each of the methods are described below to facilitate the choice.This document is limited to calculation of loudness and loudness level of stationary sounds and the calculations are based on the spectra
37、l properties of a sound. This calculation method is based on Moore-Glasberg loudness calculation algorithms 14-17. It starts by converting a specified signal spectrum into a series of sinusoidal components representing that spectrum. This series is then transformed into a specific loudness pattern b
38、y applying four consecutive transformations, each of which is directly related to physiological and psychological characteristics of the human hearing system. Loudness is calculated from the specific loudness pattern.This document describes the calculation procedures leading to estimation of loudnes
39、s and loudness level and provides an executable computer program and code. The software provided with this document is entirely informative and provided for the convenience of the user. Use of the provided software is not required for conformance with this document.The Moore-Glasberg method is limit
40、ed to stationary sounds and can be applied to tones, broadband noises and complex sounds with sharp line spectral components. The method in this document differs from those in ISO 532:1975. Method A of ISO 532:1975 (Stevens loudness18) was removed as this method was not often used and its prediction
41、s were not accurate for sounds with strong tonal components. The method described in this document also improves the precision of calculated loudness in the low frequency range and allows for calculation of loudness under conditions where the sound differs at the two ears. It has been shown that thi
42、s method provides a good match to the contours of equal loudness level as defined in ISO 226:2003 and the reference threshold of hearing as defined in ISO 389-7:2005.The Zwicker method in ISO 532-1 can be applied for stationary and arbitrary non-stationary sounds. The method for stationary sounds in
43、 ISO 532-1 differs slightly from the methods included in the previous ISO 532:1975, method B, by specifying corrections for low frequencies and by restricting the description of the approach to numerical instructions only, thus allowing a unique software description. For reasons of continuity, the m
44、ethod given in ISO 532-1 is in accordance with ISO 226:1987 instead of the later revised version, ISO 226:2003.NOTE Equipment or machinery noise emissions/immissions can also be judged by other quantities defined in various International Standards (see e.g. ISO 1996-1, ISO 3740, ISO 9612 and ISO 112
45、00). ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO 5322:2017BS ISO 5322:2017Acoustics Methods for calculating loudness Part 2: Moore-Glasberg method1 ScopeThis document specifies a method for estimating the loudness and loudness level of stationary sounds as perceived by otologically normal adult persons und
46、er specific listening conditions. It provides an algorithm for the calculation of monaural or binaural loudness for sounds recorded using a single microphone, using a head and torso simulator, or for sounds presented via earphones. The method is based on the Moore-Glasberg algorithm.NOTE 1 Issues of
47、 binaural calculations are discussed in Annex A.NOTE 2 Users who wish to study the details of the calculation method can review or implement the source code, which is entirely informative and provided with this document for the convenience of the user.This method can be applied to tones, broadband n
48、oises and complex sounds with sharp line spectral components, for example transformer hum or fan noise.NOTE 3 It has been shown (see Reference 15) that this method provides a good match to the contours of equal loudness level as defined in ISO 226:2003 and the reference threshold of hearing as defin
49、ed in ISO 389-7:2005.The evaluation of the harmful effect of sound events is outside the scope of this document.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.IEC 61260-1:2014, Electroacoustics Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters
