1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 5667-22:2010Water quality SamplingPart 22: Guidance on the design andinstallation of groundwater monitoringpointsBS ISO 5667-22:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis
2、British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 5667-22:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/3/6, Sampling (of technical committee EH/3 - Waterquality).A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.Thi
3、s publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 59819 7ICS 13.060.45Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under
4、the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 5667-22:2010Reference numberISO 5667-22:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO5667-22First edition2010-08-15Water quality Sampling Part 22: Guidance on the
5、design and installation of groundwater monitoring points Qualit de leau chantillonnage Partie 22: Lignes directrices pour la conception et linstallation de points de contrle des eaux souterraines BS ISO 5667-22:2010ISO 5667-22:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In a
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8、rinting. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2010 All rights reserved. Unless other
9、wise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright
10、 office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 5667-22:2010ISO 5667-22:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introductionvi 1 Sco
11、pe1 2 Terms and definitions .1 3 Principle4 3.1 General .4 3.2 Monitoring objectives .4 4 Design.6 4.1 Introduction6 4.2 Conceptual model .6 4.3 Drilling method and installation size.8 4.4 Installation design .11 4.5 Construction material selection.14 4.6 Headworks .21 4.7 Surface environment.22 5 C
12、onstruction phase.23 5.1 General .23 5.2 Record keeping23 5.3 Borehole drilling practice .24 5.4 Installation practice.25 5.5 Borehole development26 6 Post-construction activities .27 6.1 Routine inspections and maintenance27 6.2 Rehabilitation.28 7 Safety precautions 28 8 Quality assurance and qual
13、ity control 28 Annex A (informative) Common drilling techniques used in GQMP installation .30 Annex B (informative) Headwork completion design examples 33 Bibliography36 BS ISO 5667-22:2010ISO 5667-22:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardiza
14、tion) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
15、represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standard
16、s are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Interna
17、tional Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 5667-22 w
18、as prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Sampling (general methods). ISO 5667 consists of the following parts, under the general title Water quality Sampling: Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes and sampling techniques Part 3: Guidance on the
19、 preservation and handling of water samples Part 4: Guidance on sampling from lakes, natural and man-made Part 5: Guidance on sampling of drinking water from treatment works and piped distribution systems Part 6: Guidance on sampling of rivers and streams Part 7: Guidance on sampling of water and st
20、eam in boiler plants Part 8: Guidance on the sampling of wet deposition Part 9: Guidance on sampling from marine waters Part 10: Guidance on sampling of waste waters Part 11: Guidance on sampling of groundwaters Part 12: Guidance on sampling of bottom sediments Part 13: Guidance on sampling of sludg
21、es from sewage and water treatment works Part 14: Guidance on quality assurance of environmental water sampling and handling Part 15: Guidance on the preservation and handling of sludge and sediment samples Part 16: Guidance on biotesting of samples BS ISO 5667-22:2010ISO 5667-22:2010(E) ISO 2010 Al
22、l rights reserved v Part 17: Guidance on sampling of bulk suspended solids Part 19: Guidance on sampling of marine sediments Part 20: Guidance on the use of sampling data for decision making Compliance with thresholds and classification systems Part 21: Guidance on sampling of drinking water distrib
23、uted by tankers or means other than distribution pipes Part 22: Guidance on the design and installation of groundwater monitoring points Part 23: Determination of priority pollutants in surface water using passive sampling BS ISO 5667-22:2010ISO 5667-22:2010(E) vi ISO 2010 All rights reservedIntrodu
24、ction The guidance contained in this part of ISO 5667 covers design and installation of groundwater quality monitoring points (GQMPs). It should be used in parallel with other guidance on sampling groundwater and for investigating contaminated or potentially contaminated sites, as any groundwater sa
25、mpling from such sites is likely to form part of a much wider investigation programme. Groundwater sampling, in general, is carried out to determine whether or not the groundwater in or beneath a site is contaminated. It can also be used to: a) establish whether any migration of contaminants, derive
26、d from the site, is occurring and characterize the spatial extent (both laterally and vertically) of any contamination and its form; b) determine the direction, rate and variability of groundwater flow and contaminant migration; c) provide data for undertaking a risk assessment; d) provide an early
27、warning system for the impact of contaminants on the quality of groundwater resources, surface waters and other potential receptors in the vicinity of the site; e) monitor the performance and effectiveness of remedial measures or facility design; f) demonstrate compliance with licence conditions, or
28、 collect evidence for regulatory purposes; g) assist in the selection of remedial measures and remediation process design. The design and installation of groundwater monitoring points is critical to ensure that representative measurements are to be made of groundwater quality. A wide range of method
29、s and materials is currently used with no, or very little, guidance on their applicability to the issues being addressed. This results in data and information that are at best difficult to interpret as well as being highly misleading; at worst, they are completely useless. The costs involved in inst
30、allation, sampling and analysis are significant and the potential impacts of incorrect decisions made on poor quality data even greater. There is therefore a need to develop best practice guidance to establish a framework that can be adopted to ensure a much greater level of confidence in groundwate
31、r quality data. Prescriptive guidance on methods and applications is not possible. Therefore, this guidance provides information on the most commonly applied and available techniques, and lists their advantages, disadvantages and limitations of use where these are known. When considering design of s
32、ampling strategies, the properties of potential sources of contaminants, pathways for migration, receptors, the purpose of the investigation and the environment into which the installations are to be emplaced need to be considered. BS ISO 5667-22:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5667-22:2010(E) ISO 20
33、10 All rights reserved 1Water quality Sampling Part 22: Guidance on the design and installation of groundwater monitoring points 1 Scope This part of ISO 5667 gives guidelines for the design, construction and installation of groundwater quality monitoring points to help ensure that representative sa
34、mples of groundwater can be obtained. Within the guidance consideration is given to: a) the impact of installation materials on the environment; b) the impact of the installation on sample integrity; c) the impact of the environment on the installation and the materials used in its construction. The
35、se guidelines allow the impacts to be considered and accounted for when designing a groundwater sampling programme. They also allow an informed assessment of data and results obtained from existing installations, the construction of which can potentially have an impact on sample integrity. These gui
36、delines are intended for installations and monitoring in different environments including those where background or baseline groundwater conditions are being established or monitored and those in which impacts of contamination are being investigated. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this
37、document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 annulus void between any piping, tubing or casing and the piping, tubing or casing immediately surrounding it 2.2 aquifer geological formation (bed or stratum) of permeable rock or unconsolidated material (e.g. sand and gravels) capable of yie
38、lding significant quantities of water NOTE Adapted from ISO 6107-3:19938, 6. 2.3 bentonite clay, formed by the decomposition of volcanic ash, that swells as it absorbs water NOTE 1 Adapted from ISO 6707-1:20049, 3.2.18. NOTE 2 Refined bentonite is used to make a watertight seal. Sodium is often adde
39、d in the refining process to enhance the swelling properties. BS ISO 5667-22:2010ISO 5667-22:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved2.4 dense non-aqueous phase liquids DNAPL organic compounds that have low water solubility and a density greater than that of water, e.g. chlorinated hydrocarbons such a
40、s trichloroethane ISO 6107-2:20067, 34 2.5 effective porosity proportion of saturated openings or pores within a water-bearing formation which contribute directly to the flow of groundwater ISO 6107-2:20067, 43 NOTE Effective porosity is represented as the ratio of this volume of pore spaces to the
41、total volume of rock. 2.6 geotextile wrap synthetic inert woven material wrapped around the outside of the screen to prevent entry of solid particles into the borehole or piezometer without restricting flow of water 2.7 groundwater water which is being held in, and can usually be recovered from, a s
42、aturated or unsaturated underground formation or artificial deposit such as made ground NOTE Adapted from ISO 6107-1:20046, 41. 2.8 hydraulic conductivity property of a water-bearing formation that relates to its capacity to transmit water through its internal, interconnected pathways ISO 6107-2:200
43、67, 53 2.9 light non-aqueous phase liquid LNAPL organic compounds which have low water solubility and a density less than that of water, e.g. petroleum products ISO 6107-2:20067, 59 2.10 multi-level sampler single installation for sampling groundwater from discrete depths within the subsurface ISO 6
44、107-2:20067, 67 NOTE The device can be driven directly into the ground, installed in a pre-existing borehole or installed in a purpose-drilled hole. When installed in a borehole, integral packers are used to isolate individual sample ports. 2.11 multiple boreholes group of individual boreholes or pi
45、ezometers installed separately to form a monitoring network adequate for the purposes of an investigation BS ISO 5667-22:2010ISO 5667-22:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 32.12 nested piezometers group of piezometers installed within a single larger diameter borehole ISO 6107-2:20067, 69 NOTE In
46、general, each piezometer is designed to allow sampling over a specific depth interval within the aquifer. Piezometer tips are surrounded by a sand pack which in turn is isolated from adjacent sampling points by installing a permanent impermeable seal between them to eliminate leakage between sample
47、points. 2.13 packer device or material for temporarily isolating specified vertical sections within boreholes in order to perform groundwater sampling from discrete zones or locations within the borehole or aquifer ISO 6107-2:20067, 75 2.14 perched groundwater isolated body of groundwater, which is
48、limited in lateral and vertical extent, located within the unsaturated zone overlying a much more extensive groundwater body NOTE Adapted from ISO 6107-2:20067, 79, “perched water table”. 2.15 piezometer device consisting of a tube or pipe with a porous element or perforated section (surrounded by a
49、 filter) on the lower part (piezometer tip), which is installed and sealed into the ground at an appropriate level within the saturated zone for the purposes of water level measurement, hydraulic pressure measurement or groundwater sampling NOTE Adapted from ISO 6107-2:20067, 81. 2.16 receptor sampling of ground water entity that is vulnerable to the adverse effect(s) of a hazardous substance or agent ISO 6107-2:20067, 100 NOTE An entity is some
