1、BS ISO/IEC24751-3:2008ICS 03.100.30; 35.240.99NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDInformationtechnology Individualizedadaptability andaccessibility in e-learning, educationand training -Part 3: “Access for all” digital resourcedescriptionThis British
2、 Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStrategy Committee on 31 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 56062 0Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 24751-3.The UK parti
3、cipation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee IST/43, Information technology for learning, education andtraining.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provision
4、sof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.December 2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008Reference numberISO/IEC 24751-3:2008(E)ISO/IEC 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC24751-3First edition2008-10-01Informa
5、tion technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training Part 3: “Access for all” digital resource description Technologies de linformation Adaptabilit et accessibilit individualises en e-apprentissage, en ducation et en formation Partie 3: Description des
6、ressources numriques relatives accs pour tous BS ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are
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9、ting to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
10、 photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published i
11、n Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Symbols and abbreviations5 5 Basic Principles.6 5.1 Assumptions6
12、5.2 Original and Adapted Resources.6 5.3 Access For All Resource Metadata .7 5.4 Access Mode7 5.5 Adaptability 8 5.6 The Importance of Interoperability and Consistent Implementation .9 6 Access For All Digital Resource Description (DRD) Information Model .10 6.1 Access For All Digital Resource Descr
13、iption .10 6.2 Access Mode Statement .10 6.3 Is Adaptation11 6.4 Adaptation Statement .11 7 Attribute Descriptions and Recommended Use.11 8 Extending the Standard 15 9 Conformance .15 Annex A (normative) Consolidated List of Terms and Definitions with Cultural Adaptability: ISO French Equivalents 16
14、 A.1 Introduction16 A.2 ISO English and ISO French.16 A.3 Cultural adaptability and quality control.16 A.4 List of Terms in French Alphabetical Order .17 A.5 Organization of Annex A.6, “Consolidated matrix of terms and definitions ISO French equivalents” 18 A.6 Consolidated Matrix of ISO/IEC 24751-3
15、 Terms and Definitions in ISO French19 Annex B (normative) Vocabulary Codes 23 B.1 Access Mode Usage Vocabulary Codes .23 B.2 Display Transformability Vocabulary Codes23 B.3 Extent Vocabulary Codes .25 Annex C (informative) Recommended Default Values 26 Annex D (informative) Bindings and Implementat
16、ions .27 Annex E (informative) Scenarios.28 E.1 Scenario 1: Discovery and Retrieval of Alternate Training Content 28 E.2 Scenario 2: Customization of Information about a Prescription28 E.3 Scenario 3: Extreme Instructional Environments 28 E.4 Scenario 4: Creating a Repository for Federated Searching
17、29 Annex F (informative) Implementation Example30 F.1 TILE Low Vision Example.30 F.2 TILE Caption Example.33 Annex G (informative) List of contributors.37 Bibliography38 BS ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008(E) iv ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for
18、 Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective org
19、anization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information techno
20、logy, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
21、 adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subje
22、ct of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 24751-3 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology for learning, education, and training. ISO/IEC 247
23、51 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training: Part 1: Framework and reference model Part 2: “Access for all” personal needs and preferences for digital delivery Part 3: “Access f
24、or all” digital resource description Future parts will address non-digital resource description, personal needs and preferences for non-digital resources, personal needs and preferences for description of events and places, digital description of events and places, and language accessibility and hum
25、an interface equivalencies (HIEs) in e-learning applications. BS ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved vIntroduction In this part of ISO/IEC 24751, the term disability is defined as a mismatch between the needs of the user and the resource offered. It is not a
26、personal trait therefore but an artifact of the relationship between the user and the resource environment or delivery. Accessible systems adjust the user interface of the learning environment, locate needed resources, evaluate the properties of the available resources to match the needs and prefere
27、nces of the user, and deliver to the learner the most accessible content available. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 defines accessibility metadata that is able to express a resources ability to match the needs and preferences of a user, as described by their access for all personal needs and preferences
28、(PNP), already defined in ISO/IEC 24751-2. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 is intended to benefit anyone experiencing a mismatch between needs and preferences and education delivered. For people with disabilities, whose choice of access modalities is restricted, the process of matching a resource with a
29、user requirement is not a matter of convenience or refinement, but one of utmost importance in ensuring access. As a result, it is necessary for systems to agree upon well-defined interfaces and usage. This closely defined approach is taken by this part of ISO/IEC 24751 to support optimum interopera
30、bility. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 is not judgmental but informative. The purpose is to facilitate the discovery and use of the most appropriate content for each user. Users of alternative access systems need to know whether a resource is compatible with their required access method, e.g. a user who
31、 is blind may need audible access to a resource as opposed to visual access. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 does not describe how to create accessible content; other work has been completed that describes how content and media objects can be made more accessible see, for example, W3C/WAI Web Content Acc
32、essibility Guidelines (W3C/WAI WCAG) for details. BS ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved 1Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training Part 3: “Access
33、for all” digital resource description 1 Scope ISO/IEC 24751 is intended to meet the needs of learners with disabilities and anyone who is disabled by their context. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 provides a common language to describe digital learning resources to facilitate matching of those resources
34、to learners accessibility needs and preferences. Metadata can be used for at least two accessibility-related purposes: to record compliance to an accessibility specification or standard (e.g. for adherence to legislated procurement policies) and to enable the delivery of resources that meet a users
35、needs and preferences. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 addresses the latter purpose. Metadata to assert compliance to an accessibility specification or standard is not within the scope of this part of ISO/IEC 24751. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 is intended to be applied in combination with ISO/IEC 24751-2,
36、 which provides a means to describe how a user desires to access online learning content and related applications. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 is intended to describe aspects of a computer system (including networked systems) that can be adjusted to improve accessibility. They are not intended to add
37、ress non-digital systems that can include physical location, other people, external processes, etc. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 focuses on the description of the characteristics of the resource that affect how it can be perceived, understood or interacted with by users, including a) what sensory moda
38、lities are used in the resource, b) ways in which the resource is adaptable, i.e. whether text can be transformed automatically, c) which methods of input the resource accepts, and d) what adaptations are available. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 provides an information model for describing learning res
39、ources so that individual learner preferences and needs (described according to ISO/IEC 24751-2) can be matched with the appropriate user interfaces, tools and learning resources within a computer-mediated learning environment. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensa
40、ble for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 639-2:1998 (E/F), Codes for the representation of names of languages Part 2: Alpha-3 code/Code
41、s pour la reprsentation des noms de langue Partie 2: Code alpha-3 BS ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (E/F), Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training Part 1: Framework
42、and reference model/Technologies de linformation Adaptabilit et accessibilit individualises en e-apprentissage, en ducation et en formation Partie 1: Cadre et modle de rfrence ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 (E), Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and
43、training Part 2: “Access for all” personal needs and preferences for digital delivery 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.01 access for all AfA approach to providing accessibility in a computer-mediated environment in which the digi
44、tal resources and their method of delivery are matched to the needs and preferences of the user ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.1) 3.02 accessibility usability of a product, service, environment or facility by individuals with the widest range of capabilities NOTE 1 Although “accessibility“ typically addres
45、ses users who have a disability, the concept is not limited to disability issues. NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO/TS 16071:2003 (3.2).1)3.03 access mode human sense perceptual system or cognitive faculty through which a user may process or perceive the content of a digital resource ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.3
46、) 3.04 adaptability e-learning ability of a digital resource or delivery system to adjust the presentation, control methods, structure, access mode, and user supports when delivered ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.4) 3.05 adaptation e-learning digital resource that presents the intellectual content of all o
47、r part of another digital resource NOTE Adaptations can also include the adjustment of the presentation, control methods, access modes, structure and user supports. ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.5) 1) The source for this adapted definition from ISO/TS 16071:2003 is now ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.2). BS ISO/I
48、EC 24751-3:2008ISO/IEC 24751-3:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved 33.06 adaptation coverage specification of the nature or genre of the adaptation EXAMPLE Caption, tactile representation, visual representation, etc. NOTE See the coded domain in ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008, B.2. 3.07 adaptation type n
49、ature or genre of an adaptation EXAMPLE Caption, tactile representation, visual representation, etc. 3.08 AfA control flexibility characteristic of a digital resource that supports control of all functionality using an input device of the users choosing, i.e. the user is not restricted to any particular input device NOTE More than one single input type can be supported by a resource. For example, a resource might support use by keyboard only and by “mouse” only. 3.09 AfA hazard ch
