1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015Information technology Sensor networks:Sensor Network ReferenceArchitecture (SNRA)Part 7: Interoperability guidelinesBS ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation ofISO/IEC 29182-7:2015.The UK p
2、articipation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee IST/70, Sensor Networks.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible
3、 for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 72481 7 ICS 35.110 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Poli
4、cy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedInformation technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 7: Interoperability guidelinesTechnologies de linformation Rseaux de capteurs: Architecture de rfren
5、ce pour rseaux de capteurs Partie 7: Lignes directrices pour linteroprabilitINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO/IEC 29182-7Reference number ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015(E)First edition 2015-02-15 ISO/IEC 2015BS ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015All rights
6、reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from eithe
7、r ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandISO/IEC 29182-7:2015(E)BS ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015ISO/IEC 29182-7:2
8、015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Symbols (and abbreviated terms) 15 Overview of interoperability between heterogeneous sensor networks 25.1 General . 25.2 Interoperability in sensor network service framework 26 Guidelines for interoperabi
9、lity between heterogeneous sensor networks 46.1 General . 46.2 Interoperability between the user and the service provider (Interface 1) . 56.3 Interoperability between the gateway and the service provider (Interface 3) . 56.4 Interoperability between the sensor network and the gateway (Interface 4)
10、. 76.5 Interoperability between sensor nodes (Interface 5) . 7Bibliography 8 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved iiiBS ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized
11、 system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committe
12、es collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.International St
13、andards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publicat
14、ion as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pa
15、tent rights.ISO/IEC 29182-7 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology.ISO/IEC 29182 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA): Part 1: General overview and requir
16、ements Part 2: Vocabulary and terminology Part 3: Reference architecture views Part 4: Entity models Part 5: Interface definitions Part 6: Applications Part 7: Interoperability guidelinesiv ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015(E)IntroductionA wide range of appl
17、ications has been proposed for sensor networks. In practice, however, sensor networks have been built and deployed for a relatively small number of applications. This is partly due to the lack of a business case for certain applications and partly due to technical challenges in building a non-trivia
18、l sensor network of reasonable complexity. The main reason for this impediment is multi-disciplinary expertise such as sensors, communications and networking, signal processing, electronics, computing, and cyber security is required to design a sensor network. Presently, the design process is so com
19、plex that one can leverage little from one sensor network design to another. It appears as if one has to start from almost scratch every time one wishes to design and deploy a sensor network. Yet, upon closer inspection, there are many commonalities in instantiations of sensor networks that realize
20、various applications. These commonalities include similarities in the choice of network architecture and the entities/functional blocks that are used in the architecture.The purpose of the ISO/IEC 29182 series is to provide guidance to facilitate the design and development of sensor networks, improv
21、e interoperability of sensor networks, and make sensor networks plug-and-play, so that it becomes fairly easy to add/remove sensor nodes to/from an existing sensor network.The ISO/IEC 29182 series can be used by sensor network designers, software developers, and service providers to meet customer re
22、quirements, including any applicable interoperability requirements.The ISO/IEC 29182 series is comprised of seven parts. Brief descriptions of these parts are given next.ISO/IEC 29182-1 provides a general overview and the requirements for the sensor network reference architecture.ISO/IEC 29182-2 pro
23、vides definitions for the terminology and vocabulary used in the reference architecture.ISO/IEC 29182-3 presents the reference architecture from various viewpoints, such as business, operational, system, technical, functional, and logical views.ISO/IEC 29182-4 categorizes the entities comprising the
24、 reference architecture into two classes of physical and functional entities and presents models for the entities.ISO/IEC 29182-5:2013 provides detailed information on the interfaces among various entities in the reference architecture.ISO/IEC 29182-6 provides detailed information on the development
25、 of International Standardized Profiles.ISO/IEC 29182-7 provides design principles for the reference architecture that take the interoperability requirements into account.There are no requirements for compliance in ISO/IEC 29182-1 to ISO/IEC 29182-7. Users are to ensure that the sensor nodes and the
26、 related sensor network are compliant with the application or deployment governing body. ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015BS ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 7: Interoperability guidelines1 ScopeThis
27、 part of ISO/IEC 29182 provides a general overview and guidelines for achieving interoperability between sensor network services and related entities in a heterogeneous sensor network.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
28、are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO/IEC 29182-1, Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA)
29、Part 1: General overview and requirementsISO/IEC 29182-2, Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 2: Vocabulary and terminologyISO/IEC 29182-5:2013, Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 5: Interfac
30、e definitions3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 29182-2 apply.4 Symbols (and abbreviated terms)This part of ISO/IEC 29182 uses the following abbreviations and acronyms.ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber LineAPI Application Programming
31、 InterfaceGSM Global System for Mobile CommunicationICT Information and Communication TechnologiesSNRA Sensor Network Reference ArchitectureTCP/IP Transfer Control Protocol/Internet ProtocolUWB Ultra WidebandWCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple AccessINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015(E) I
32、SO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015(E)5 Overview of interoperability between heterogeneous sensor networks5.1 GeneralA sensor network is a system of spatially distributed sensor nodes interacting with each other and, depending on applications, with ICT infras
33、tructures, in order to acquire, process, and provide information about the physical world and optionally react to such information ISO/IEC 29182-1.There are many different sensor network applications in a variety of domains such as environment monitoring, logistics management, industrial automation,
34、 intelligent highway system, and perimeter protection. From one sensor network service domain to another, significant differences exist in service requirements, service types, processing functions, interfaces, operational attributes, data formats, and so on. These differences influence the interoper
35、ability of sensor networks.Due to these differences, a sensor network may be classified into two different types of sensor network, a homogeneous sensor network and a heterogeneous sensor network.The differentiation of the homogeneous and heterogeneous sensor networks can be viewed from sensor type
36、perspective and from communication protocol perspective. From the sensor type perspective, the homogeneous sensor networks can be classified as having the same type or functionally identical sensor nodes while the heterogeneous sensor networks can be classified as having different types or functiona
37、lly different sensor nodes. From the communication protocol perspective, the homogeneous sensor networks can be classified as having the same or interoperable protocols while the heterogeneous sensor networks can be classified as having different or not interoperable types of protocols. In this stan
38、dard, the communication protocol perspective is used to differentiate the types of sensor networks.The typical difference is the communication protocol. There are various communication protocols for sensor networks, such as IEEE 802.15.4x series, IETF 6LoWPAN, ZigBee, Bluetooth, and UWB.From the com
39、munication protocol perspective, homogeneous sensor networks are by definition interoperable with each other, because they use the same communication protocol between entities of their service domains. On the other hand, heterogeneous sensor networks are not able to interwork with each other due to
40、the differentiation of the communication protocols they use.Heterogeneity is a common feature of sensor networks, but it may cause various problems. A sensor network application may rely on different sub-networks of a heterogeneous sensor network.Therefore, the interoperability between heterogeneous
41、 sensor networks is a great challenge in the Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA).5.2 Interoperability in sensor network service frameworkFrom a service-oriented viewpoint, the flow of information from sensor nodes to service providers for providing specific sensor network services to users,
42、 the overall architecture of sensor network can be represented in the hierarchical architecture.This hierarchical architecture, which is called the sensor network service framework, is illustrated in Figure 1. It is the same as Figure 7 in ISO/IEC 29182-5. It has been reproduced in this document for
43、 ease of reference.2 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015(E)Figure 1 Interfaces and entities of the sensor network service frameworkThere are various communication protocols or interfaces for each entity in Figure 1. Interoperability implies an internetworking
44、capability between the entities in the sensor network service framework. Figure 2 is a graphical representation of an interoperable sensor network service framework with the arrows representing the interfaces that enable seamless interoperability between the entities.Figure 2 Graphical representatio
45、n of an interoperable sensor network service frameworkInteroperability also needs to exist vertically so that information may be exchanged seamlessly within the hierarchical structure of the sensor networks supporting a complex system of systems. Therefore, ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO/I
46、EC 29182-7:2015ISO/IEC 29182-7:2015(E)various cases for the interoperability of sensor networks need to be considered. Figure 3 illustrates the complexity of interoperability within this system of systems.Figure 3 Interoperability of sensor network service framework in detailVarious entities of the
47、sensor network service framework shown in Figure 3 may use different communication technologies, protocols and data formats. Therefore, data flow between various entities must be interoperable.The advantages of interoperability between heterogeneous sensor networks are: Improving sensor network serv
48、ice scalability Extending sensor network functionality Reusability Potential cost and development/implementation time reduction Interchangeability of components for ease of maintenance and upgrade6 Guidelines for interoperability between heterogeneous sensor networks6.1 GeneralThis clause describes
49、ways of maintaining interoperability within the sensor network service framework. Also, It provides guidelines for interoperability.Interoperability can be achieved by a standard development process that promotes open architectures and a standardization of interfaces between subdivisions (both subsystems and sensor networks), layered structures in sensor networks and its applications. For the reference architecture to fulfill the requirements of interoperability, existing interoperability standards should
