1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO/TS 12927:1999 ISO/
2、TS 12927:1999 ICS 75.100 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) Family M (Metalworking) Guidelines for establishing specificationsThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector C
3、ommittee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 July 2000 BSI 07-2000 ISBN 0 580 36120 9 BS ISO/TS 12927:1999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments National foreword This British Standard reproduces v
4、erbatim ISO/TS 12927:1999 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PTI/7, Lubricants and process fluids, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/
5、European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretar
6、y. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards El
7、ectronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This
8、 document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO/TR title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 33 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Referencenumber ISO/TS12927:1999(E) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION IS
9、O/TS 12927 Firstedition 1999-12-01 Lubricants,industrialoilsandrelated products(classL)FamilyM (Metalworking)Guidelinesfor establishingspecifications Lubrifiants, huiles industrielles et produits connexes (classe L) Famille M (Travail des mtaux) Lignes directrices pour ltablissement de spcifications
10、ISO/TS12927:1999(E) ii ISO/TS12927:1999(E)iii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normativereferences1 3 Explanationsofsymbolsused.2 4 Specificationsguide3 5 Non-exhaustivelistsofcharacteristicstoestablishspecifications.5 AnnexA(informative)Water-misciblemachiningfluids.Anti-corrosiv
11、epropertiesincontactwithnon- ferrousmetals8 AnnexB(informative)Water-misciblemachiningfluidsEvaluationofgummingtendency12 AnnexC(informative)Water-misciblemachiningfluidsEvaluationofthebiologicalstability.24ISO/TS12927:1999(E) iv Foreword ISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwi
12、defederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISO memberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnical committees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhas therighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,gove
13、rnmentalandnon-governmental,in liaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnical Commission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization. InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3. Themaintaskoftechnic
14、alcommitteesistoprepareInternationalStandards.DraftInternationalStandardsadopted bythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtothememberbodiesforvoting.PublicationasanInternational Standardrequiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote. Inothercircumstances,particularlywhenthereisanurgentmarketr
15、equirementforsuchdocuments,atechnical committeemaydecidetopublishothertypesofnormativedocument: anISOPubliclyAvailableSpecification(ISO/PAS)representsanagreementbetweentechnicalexpertsinan ISOworkinggroupandisacceptedforpublicationifitisapprovedbymorethan50%ofthemembersofthe parentcommitteecastingav
16、ote; anISOTechnicalSpecification(ISO/TS)representsanagreementbetweenthemembersofatechnical committeeandisacceptedforpublicationifitisapprovedby2/3ofthemembersofthecommitteecastinga vote. AnISO/PASorISO/TSisreviewedeverythreeyearswithaviewtodecidingwhetheritcanbetransformedintoan InternationalStandar
17、d. AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisISO/TS12927maybethesubjectofpatent rights.ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights. ISO/TS12927waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC28, Petroleum products and lubricants, SubcommitteeSC4, Classifications and spec
18、ifications. AnnexesA,BandCofthisTechnicalSpecificationareforinformationonly.ISO/TS12927:1999(E)v Introduction Consideringthedifficultiesencounteredinestablishinganinternationalspecificationformetalworkingfluids, particularlybecauseofthediversityoftheapplicationsandconditionsofuse,andbecauseoftheprob
19、lemsof simulatingtheactualconditionsofuseinthelaboratoryandhenceofdevelopingreliablelaboratorymethodsand testingstandards,ithasbeendecidedtopublishguidelinesforestablishingspecificationsintheformofaTechnical Specification.Therefore,allinformationprovidedbythisTechnicalSpecificationisonlyinformative,
20、exceptthe classificationsbyfamilyandviscosity. ThisTechnicalSpecificationcontains,inannexesAtoC,suggestedmethodstoevaluatesomepropertiesof metalworkingfluidswhicharenotyetstandardizedorstillsubjecttodiscussions.TECHNICALSPECIFICATION ISO/TS12927:1999(E)1 Lubricants,industrialoilsandrelatedproducts(c
21、lassL) FamilyM(Metalworking)Guidelinesforestablishing specifications WARNINGThehandlinganduseofproductsasspecifiedinthisTechnicalSpecificationmaybe hazardous,ifsuitableprecautionsarenotobserved.ThisTechnicalSpecificationdoesnotpurportto addressallofthesafetyproblemsassociatedwithitsuse.Itistherespon
22、sibilityoftheuserofthis TechnicalSpecificationtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicability ofregulatorylimitationspriortouse. 1 Scope ThisTechnicalSpecificationhasbeenpreparedwiththefollowingpurposes: tofacilitatetheapplicationoftheISO6743-7classificationstandardandtopr
23、eciselystatethecharacteristicsto betakenintoaccounttoestablishspecificationsforagivenapplication; thesecharacteristicscouldserveasabasisfordiscussionbetweentheenduserandthesupplier. ThisTechnicalSpecificationdoesnotcoverspecifiedrequirementswhichshouldbeexaminedseparatelywitha viewtoacommonagreement
24、betweentheenduserandtheproductsupplier. ThisTechnicalSpecificationalsodoesnotcoverthehealth,safety,disposalandenvironmentalareaswhichshould bedealtwithseparately,accordingtotheregulationsorlawsinforceineachcountry. 2 Normativereferences Thefollowingnormativedocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughref
25、erenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsof thisTechnicalSpecification.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentsto,orrevisionsof,anyofthese publicationsdonotapply.However,partiestoagreementsbasedonthisTechnicalSpecificationareencouragedto investigatethepossibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionsofthenormat
26、ivedocumentsindicatedbelow.For undatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthenormativedocumentreferredtoapplies.MembersofISOandIEC maintainregistersofcurrentlyvalidInternationalStandards. ISO2049:1996, Petroleum products Determination of colour (ASTM scale) ISO2160:1998, Petroleum products Corrosiveness to
27、 copper Copper strip test ISO2592: 1) Petroleum products Determination of flash and fire points Cleveland open cup method ISO2719:1988, Petroleum products and lubricants Determination of flash point Pensky-Martens closed cup method ISO3016:1994, Petroleum products Determination of pour point 1)Tobep
28、ublished.(RevisionofISO2592:1973)ISO/TS12927:1999(E) 2 ISO3104:1994, Petroleum products Transparent and opaque liquids Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity ISO3448:1992, Industrial liquid lubricants ISO viscosity classification ISO3675:1998, Crude petroleum and l
29、iquid petroleum products Laboratory determination of density Hydrometer method ISO3771:1994, Petroleum products Determination of base number Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method ISO6247:1998, Petroleum products Determination of foaming characteristics of lubricating oils ISO6293:1983, Pet
30、roleum products Determination of saponification number ISO6320:1995, Animal and vegetable fats and oils Determination of refractive index ISO6618:1997, Petroleum products and lubricants Determination of acid or base number Colour-indicator titration method ISO6743-0:1981, Lubricants, industrial oils
31、 and related products (class L) Classification Part 0: General ISO6743-7:1986, Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) Classification Part 7: Family M (Metalworking) ISO7120:1987, Petroleum products and lubricants Petroleum oils and other fluids Determination of rust- preventing c
32、haracteristics in the presence of water NFT60-187:1991, Aqueous machining fluids Emulsifying and solubilising suitability and stability at rest NFT60-195:1993, Aqueous machining fluids Opacity under diluted form NFT60-196:1994, Non aqueous machining fluids Assessment of the tendency to form oil spra
33、ys NFT60-197:1993, Aqueous and non aqueous metal working fluids Short and long term storage stability 3 Explanationsofsymbolsused 3.1 General Inthecolumnheaded“ISO-L“,inthefollowingtables,thevariouscategoriesaredesignatedunderabbreviated form.WherethecompletedesignationshouldbeISO-L-MHAorISO-L-MAA,i
34、tisgenerallypermissibletodesigna productunderabbreviatedformL-MHA,L-MAAorevenMHA,MAA. Inthecompletedesignation,theprefixletter“L“designatestheclass“Lubricants,industrialoilsandrelated products“accordingtoISO6743-0.Theletter“M“indicatesthefamily“Metalworking“accordingtoISO6743-7. 3.2 Straight(non-aqu
35、eous)fluids a) Thegroupofletters“MH“formsacodewhichindicatesastraight(neat)fluid; b) thenumericalgroupwhichappearsaftereachcodecorrespondstotheaveragekinematicviscosityoftheoil expressedaccordingtoISO3448.ISO/TS12927:1999(E)3 3.3 Water-misciblefluids a) thegroupofletters“MA“formsacodewhichindicatesa
36、concentratetobemixedwithwaterbytheenduserto formanaqueousfluid; b) thementionoftheviscositygradeoftheconcentrateisnotnecessary. 4 Specificationsguide 4.1 Introduction Generally,specificationsaremadeofsetsofcharacteristics a) identificationcharacteristics; b) performancecharacteristics. 4.2 Straight(
37、non-aqueous)fluids 4.2.1 Identificationcharacteristics Thesecharacteristicsarecommonlyusedinthecharacterizationofpetroleumproducts,forexample:viscosity, specifiedgravity,flashpoint,pourpoint,colour,appearance.Seetable1. 4.2.2 Performancecharacteristics Thesecharacteristicsareamongthemostdifficulttod
38、efinebecausetheymustberepresentativeoftheproperties requiredinnumerous,variousandspecificapplications.Unfortunately,thereisalackofstandardizedand recognizedmethodstoevaluateperformancesofproducts. Somestandardizedmethodsexistbutarenotrepresentativeofactualindustrialapplications. Amongthecriticalperf
39、ormancecharacteristicsthefollowingmaybementioned,forexample: extremepressure(EP); anti-wear; frictionreduction; anti-rust; anti-mist; filterability; compatibilitywithpaintsandsyntheticmaterials. Seetable1.ISO/TS12927:1999(E) 4 Table1Guidelinesforestablishingspecificationsofstraight(non-aqueous)metal
40、workingfluids No. Identification Units ISOL a ISOstandardsOtherstandards characteristics MHAMHBMHCMHDMHEMHFMHGMHH ormethods 1.1 Appearance rating aaaaaa Visual 1.2 Colour rating aaaaaa ISO2049 1.3 Odour rating aaaaaa Olfactory 1.4 Density kg/m 3 aaaaaa ISO3675 1.5 Viscosity mm 2 /s b aaaaaa ISO3104
41、1.6 Flashpoint c .opencup C aaaaaa ISO2592 .closedup C aaaaaa ISO2719 1.7 Pourpoint C aaaaaa ISO3016 1.8 Saponificationnumber mgKOH/g ddddddddISO6293 1.9 Totalsulfurcontent %mass eeeeeeee e 1.10 Copperstripcorrosion rating aaaaaa ISO2160 1.11 Chlorinecontent %mass ffffffff f 1.12 Elementscontent %ma
42、ss gggggggg g 2.1 Foaming ml/ml aaaaaaaaISO6247 2.2 Extremepressureproperties hhhhhhhh h 2.3 Filterability iiiiiiii i 2.4 Anti-rustproperties rating aaaaaaaaISO7120A 2.5 Anti-mistproperties %mass jjjjjjjj NFT60-196 2.6 Friction-reductionproperties rating - a -aa k 2.7 Storagestability rating aaaaaa
43、l NFT60-197 2.8 Machiningperformance rating mmmmmmmm m a Thischaracteristicappliestothetypeofproduct. b Indicatethetemperature. c Selectthemostrelevantmethodaccordingtotheproducttypeandflash-pointvalue. d Thedeterminationofthischaracteristicmaybeaffectedbythepresenceofsomechemicalcompounds,forexampl
44、e:chlorinated paraffins,sulfurizedesters. e Precisethemethodused,forexample:XRay,combustion.Thesulfurcontentcomingfromtheadditivesmaybeindicatedbythe supplierifnecessary(addedsulfur,totalsulfur,sulfurofbasestocks). f Precisethemethodused.Theabsenceofthiselementmayberequestedfromtheenduser,fordisposa
45、lorenvironmentalreasons. g Formetallurgicalcompatibilityreasons,oranyotherjustifiedreason,theendusermaywishtoknowthenatureandcontentofspecific elements.Disclosureofthelimitsofnatureandcontentoftheseelementsmaybenegotiatedbetweentheenduserandthesupplier. h Numeroustestsexisttoevaluatetheextremepressu
46、repropertiesoffluids,forexample:Shell4-ball,Falex,Reichert,Timken.These areexamplesofsuitableproductsavailablecommercially.ThisinformationisgivenfortheconvenienceofusersofthisTechnical SpecificationanddoesnotconstituteanendorsementbyISOoftheseproducts.Theendusermayasktodocumentresultsingiventests, b
47、utthepresenceofextremepressureadditivesdoesnotnecessarilymeangoodmachiningperformance.Moreover,noclearcorrelationhas beenestablisheduntilnow,betweenthelaboratoryextremepressurescreentestsandthemachiningperformance. i Thischaracteristicrepresentstheabilityofthefluidtobefilteredbythefiltrationequipmen
48、toftheenduser,withoutmodificationofits physico-chemicalcharacteristics.Thischaracteristiccanonlybeevaluatedinactualuse. j Thischaracteristicpermitstheverificationofthepresenceofmistsuppressorsandtheirefficiency.Englishtranslationisavailablefrom AFNOR. k Testmethodandlimitstobenegotiatedbetweentheend
49、userandthesupplier.Thischaracteristicisnotnecessaryorusefulinall cases. l Shortdurationtest.Temperaturetobenegotiatedbetweentheenduserandthesupplier.0Cmaybetoolowatemperatureforactive sulfur-containingoils.EnglishtranslationisavailablefromAFNOR. m Canonlybeevaluatedinactualmachiningoperations.Thecriteriatobetakenintoaccountaretobenegotiatedbetweentheenduser andthesupplier.ISO/TS12927:1999(E)5 4.3 Water-misciblefluids 4.3.1 Identificationcharacteristics Thesecharacteristicsarerela
