1、Governmentof CanadaCanadian GeneralStandards BoardExperience and excellenceExprience et excellenceGouvernementdu CanadaOffice des normesgnrales du Canada CAN/CGSB-3.0 No. 140.1-2005 Supersedes CAN/CGSB-3.0 No. 140.1-95 Methods of Testing Petroleum and Associated Products Low Temperature Flow Test (L
2、TFT) for Diesel Fuels ICS 71.040.50 National Standard of Canada The CANADIAN GENERAL STANDARDS BOARD (CGSB), The STANDARDS COUNCIL OF CANADA is the co-ordinatingunder whose auspices this National Standard of Canada has been body of the National Standards System, a federation ofdeveloped is a governm
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16、.The testing and evaluation of a product against this standard mayrequire the use of materials and/or equipment that could behazardous. This document does not purport to address all thesafety aspects associated with its use. Anyone using this standardhas the responsibility to consult the appropriate
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18、r as the result of tests, 1-800-665-2472wherever performed.by fax (819) 956-5644Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements ofthis Canadian standard may be the subject of patent rights. CGSBby mail CGSB Sales Centreshall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pat
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20、btained from:Gatineau, QuebecThe ManagerStrategic Standardization Divisionby email ncr.cgsb-ongcpwgsc.gc.caCanadian General Standards BoardGatineau, Canada on the Web www.ongc-cgsb.gc.caK1A 1G6NATIONAL STANDARD OF CANADA CAN/CGSB-3.0 No. 140.1-2005 Supersedes CAN/CGSB-3.0 No. 140.1-95 METHODS OF TES
21、TING PETROLEUM AND ASSOCIATED PRODUCTS LOW TEMPERATURE FLOW TEST (LTFT) FOR DIESEL FUELS Prepared by the Approved by the Canadian General Standards Board Standards Council of Canada Published July 2005 by the Canadian General Standards Board Gatineau, Canada K1A 1G6 HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN IN RIGHT OF
22、 CANADA as represented by the Minister of Public Works and Government Services, the Minister responsible for the Canadian General Standards Boad, (2005) No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission of the publisher. Acknowledgment is made for the translation
23、 of this National Standard of Canada by the Translation Bureau of Public Works and Government Services Canada. CAN/CGSB-3.0 No. 140.1-2005 CANADIAN GENERAL STANDARDS BOARD COMMITTEE ON PETROLEUM TEST METHODS (Membership at date of approval) Wispinski, D. Chairperson Alberta Research Council Gaudet,
24、N. National Defence Jacula, T. Maxxam Analytics Inc. Lee, S.W. Natural Resources Canada McRae, M. Canadian Redwood Management Mathoney, B.J. Imperial Oil, Products and Chemicals Division Melnyk, S. Shell Canada Products Pickard, A.L. Consultant Porter, S. Suncor Energy Products Inc. Purificati, D. P
25、etro-Canada Samiullah, M. Sentinel Canada Tharby, R.D. Tharby Technology, Consultants Turle, R. Environment Canada Newman, M. Secretary Canadian General Standards Board 1 National Standard of Canada METHODS OF TESTING PETROLEUM AND ASSOCIATED PRODUCTS CAN/CGSB-3.0 Gatineau Canada K1A 1G6 Low Tempera
26、ture Flow Test (LTFT) for Diesel Fuels No. 140.1-2005 Supersedes CAN/CGSB-3.0 No. 140.1-95 1. SCOPE 1.1 This method describes a procedure for determining the filter plugging tendency of diesel fuels at low temperature usually due to the formation of wax crystals (see Note after par. 6.1). 1.2 The me
27、thod applies to all distillate diesel fuels. Fuels passing this test are expected to provide satisfactory fuel flow in automotive equipment at temperatures equal to or higher than that of the test. 1.3 This method is referenced and compared in ASTM D 4539. 1.4 The testing and evaluation of a product
28、 against this method may require the use of materials and/or equipment that could be hazardous. This document does not purport to address all the safety aspects associated with its use. Anyone using this method has the responsibility to consult the appropriate authorities and to establish appropriat
29、e health and safety practices in conjunction with any applicable regulatory requirements prior to its use. 2. REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS 2.1 The following publications are referenced in this method: 2.1.1 Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB) CAN/CGSB-3.0 Methods of Testing Petroleum and Associated P
30、roducts: No. 0 Prologue to the Petroleum Test Methods and Table of Contents. 2.1.2 ASTM International D 341 Standard Viscosity Temperature Charts for Liquid Petroleum Products D 2500 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products D 3117 Standard Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Di
31、stillate Fuels D 4539 Standard Test Method for Filterability of Diesel Fuels by Low-Temperature Flow Test (LTFT) D 5771 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method) D 5772 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Linear Cool
32、ing Rate Method) D 5773 Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Constant Cooling Rate Method). 2.1.3 Coordinating Research Council (CRC) Report 528 Diesel Fuel Low-Temperature Operability Field Test. 2.2 A dated reference in this method is to the issue specified. An undated refer
33、ence in this method is to the latest issue, unless otherwise specified by the authority applying this method. The sources are given in the Notes section. 2 No. 140.1-2005 3. SUMMARY OF METHOD 3.1 The temperature of a series of 200 mL samples of test fuel is gradually lowered to the desired testing t
34、emperature at a controlled cooling rate of 1C/h. At 1C intervals, a sample from the series is filtered through a 17 G28m screen at 20 kPa gauge vacuum. 3.1.1 This procedure is repeated until a sample from the series does not pass the test. The minimum pass temperature is the lowest temperature, expr
35、essed as a multiple of 1C, at which a minimum 180 mL of sample, when cooled under the prescribed conditions, can be filtered in 60 s or less. 3.2 Alternatively, a single sample may be cooled as described in par. 3.1 and tested at a specified temperature to determine if it passes or fails at that tem
36、perature. 4. SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 4.1 The Low Temperature Flow Test helps evaluate the filterability of diesel fuels at low temperatures where wax plugging of diesel fuel systems can restrict the operation of automotive equipment. Fuels passing this test usually provide satisfactory flow performance
37、 at temperatures equal to or higher than the minimum LTFT temperature (refer to CRC Report No. 528). The test method is especially useful for evaluating fuels containing flow improver additives. 4.2 This test can be used as a measure of the flow performance of diesel fuels at low temperatures by pet
38、roleum refiners, marketers, distributors, consumers, and others concerned with tailoring and handling diesel fuels for automotive use. 5. APPARATUS 5.1 Glass Bottles Several clear, heat-resistant, wide-mouthed bottles or tall form beakers having 240 to 300 mL capacity and 50 to 60 mm I.D. 5.2 Filtra
39、tion Assembly as shown in Figure 1. 5.3 Filter as shown in Figure 2. The wire filter screen1(fine wire mesh cloth, 304 SS sintered screen) is a twill Dutch weave mesh with a nominal filtration rating of 17 G28m. The mesh is 65 wires/cm (165 wires/in.) by 303 to 315 wires/cm (770 to 800 wires/in.). T
40、he wire strands have diameters of 0.0071 cm (0.0028 in.) and 0.0046 cm (0.0018 in.), respectively. The nominal filtration rating indicates a 98% removal by mass of all particles equal to or greater than 17 m. 5.4 Temperature Measuring Device Thermometer (type 114C for air baths or type 5C for liquid
41、 baths) calibrated under total immersion conditions, spanning the temperature range of the test and calibrated in at least 0.5C increments, or a thermocouple or RTD thermister. 5.5 Cooling Bath capable of cooling multiple samples to the required temperature, in a controlled manner of 1.0 0.1C/h with
42、 a maximum deviation of 0.5C from the ramp, using either refrigerated air or liquid. The size and shape of the bath are optional. In an air bath, the air should circulate around all sides of the test jar, and the jar should sit on an insulating disk. When immersed in a liquid coolant, the top of the
43、 test jar should be at or below the liquid coolant level, the jar should not touch the sides of the well, and it should sit on an insulating disk. A lid or cover should be placed over the bottles during the cooling to prevent condensation. _ 1Bulk filter screen material not verified according to App
44、endix A is available in sheets from Pall Canada Limited, 7205 Millcreek Drive, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 3R3, telephone (905) 542-0330. The catalogue description is: Rigimesh Sintered Woven Wire Mesh, Grade M, 304 SS. Suitable wire filter screens (17 m, 16 mm O.D.) verified according to Appendix A ar
45、e available from the Alberta Research Council, Fuels & Lubricants Group, 250 Karl Clark Road, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6N 1E4, telephone (780) 450-5108, fax (780) 988-9053, Web site www.arc.ab.ca. No. 140.1-2005 3 5.6 Stop Watch or Electric Timer capable of measuring tenths of a second. 5.7 Vacuum
46、 System capable of maintaining a constant vacuum of 20 0.2 kPa gauge (150 1.5 mm Hg) and containing a surge tank with a minimum volume of 4 L. 6. PROCEDURE 6.1 Filter a fresh sample of test fuel (CAUTION: combustible liquid.) through dry, lintless filter paper, at 15C or higher, to remove any foreig
47、n material, sediment and/or water. Whatman No. 1 filter paper or equivalent is suitable for this purpose. Note: The purpose of this filtration step is to remove any contaminants that interfere with the effectiveness of low temperature flow improver additives. However, this pre-filtration step may re
48、move contaminants that affect the low temperature flow properties of the fuel in actual service. Users of this test method may omit the pre-filtration step in order to evaluate potential service problems, but shall identify that they modified the test procedure, and that the precision of this test m
49、ethod will not apply. 6.2 Clean and inspect the filter assembly before each test. Verify filters before initial use and after every 20 tests as specified in Appendix A. 6.2.1 Clean the assembled filter with two solvents, using vacuum to draw the solvents through the screen: first use three successive washes of at least 50 mL of heptane (CAUTION: flammable.) followed by three successive washes of at least 50 mL of acetone (CAUTION: extremely flammable.). Air-dry the filters after washing. 6.2.2 Visually inspect each filter a
