1、National Standard of Canada CAN/CSA-ISO/!lEC 12087-1 -00 (I SO/I EC 1 2087- 1 : 1 995) CSA INTERNATIONAL / International Standard ISO/IEC 12087-1:1995 (first edition 1995-04-15) has been adopted without modification as CSA Standard CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 2087-1-00, which has been approved as a National Sta
2、ndard of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada. ISBN 1-55324-003-0 February 2000 Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing - Image Processing and Interchange (IPI) - Functional specification - Part 1: Common architecture for imaging Technologies de /information - infographi
3、e et traitement de Iimage - Traitement de Iimage et echange (/PI) - Specification fonctionnelle - Partie 7: Architecture commune pour /image (Reaffirmed 2004) Reference number ISO/IEC 12087-1 11 995(E) The Canadian Standards Association, which operates under the name CSA International (CSA), under w
4、hose auspices this National Standard has been produced, was chartered in 191 9 and accredited by the Standards Council of Canada to the National Standards system in 1973. It is a not-for-profit, nonstatutory, voluntary membership association engaged in standards development and certification activit
5、ies. and users - including manufacturers, consumers, retailers, unions and professional organizations, and governmental agencies. The standards are used widely by industry and commerce and often adopted by municipal, provincial, and federal governments in their regulations, particutarly in the field
6、s of health, safety, building and construction, and the environment. indicate their support for CSAs standards development by volunteering their time and skills to CSA Committee work and supporting the Associations objectives through sustaining memberships. The more than 7000 committee volunteers an
7、d the 2000 sustaining memberships together form CSAs total membership from which its Directors are chosen. Sustaining memberships represent a major source of income for CSAs standards development activities. in support of and as an extension to its standards development activities. To ensure the int
8、egrity of its certification process, the Association regularly and continually audits and inspects products that bear the CSA Mark. Toronto, CSA has regional branch offices in major centres across Canada and inspection and testing agencies in eight countries. Since 191 9, the Association has develop
9、ed the necessary expertise to meet its corporate mission: CSA is an independent service organization whose mission is to provide an open and effective forum for activities facilitating the exchange of goods and services through the use of standards, certification and related services to meet nationa
10、l and international needs. For futher information on CSA services, write to CSA International 178 Rexdale Boulevard Toronto, Ontario, M9W 1 R3 Canada CSA standards reflect a national consensus of producers Individuals, companies, and associations across Canada The Association offers certification an
11、d testing services In addition to its head office and laboratory complex in CSA INTERNATIONAL - The Standards Council of Canada is the coordinating body of the National Standards system, a federation of independent, autonomous organizations working towards the further development and improvement of
12、voluntary standardization in the national interest. The principal objects of the Council are to foster and promote voluntary standardization as a means of advancing the national economy, benefiting the health, safety, and welfare of the public, assisting and protecting the consumer, facilitating dom
13、estic and international trade, and furthering international cooperation in the field of standards. has been approved by the Standards Council of Canada and one which reflects a reasonable agreement among the views of a number of capable individuals whose collective interests provide to the greatest
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15、 as a National Standard of Canada indicates that a standard conforms to the criteria and procedures established by the Standards Council of Canada. Approval does not refer to the technical content of the standard; this remains the continuing responsibility of the accredited stand a rds-deve lop me n
16、 t organ izati on. Those who have a need to apply standards are encouraged to use National Standards of Canada whenever practicable. These standards are subject to periodic review; therefore, users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition from the organization preparing the standard. The responsib
17、ility for approving National Standards of Canada rests with the Standards Council of Canada 45 OConnor Street, Suite 1200 Ottawa, Ontario, K1 P 6N7 Canada A National Standard of Canada is a standard which Q AIthough the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is impo
18、rtant to note that it remains the responsibility of the users to judge its suitability for their particular purpose. CA/V/CSA-lSO/IEC 12087-7-00 Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing - Image Processing and Interchange IPl) - Functional specification - Part 7 : Common archit
19、ecture for imaaina CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 12087-1 -00 Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing - Image Processing and Interchange (IPI) - Functional specification - Part 1: Common architecture for imaging CSA Preface Standards development within the Information Technology sector is h
20、armonized with international standards development. Through the CSA Technical Committee on Information Technology (TCIT), Canadians serve as the Canadian Advisory Committee (CAC) on 1SO/tEC joint Technical Committee 1 on Information Technology (ISO/IEC JTCI ) for the Standards Council of Canada (SCC
21、), the IS0 member body for Canada and sponsor of the Canadian National Committee of the IEC. Also, as a member of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Canada participates in the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (ITU-T). This International Standard was reviewed
22、 by the CSA TClT under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Information Technology and deemed acceptable for use in Canada. (A committee membership list is available on request from the CSA Project Manager.) From time to time, ISO/IEC may publish addenda, corrigenda, etc. The CSA
23、TClT will review these documents for approval and publication. for a listing, refer to the CSA Information Products catalogue or CSA lnfo Update or contact a CSA Sales representative. This Standard has been formally approved, without modification, by these Committees and has been approved as a Natio
24、nal Standard of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada. February 2000 0 CSA International - 2000 A/ rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher. tSO/lEC material is reprinted with permission. Inquiries regardi
25、ng this National Standard of Canada should be addressed to CSA international, 7 78 Rexdale Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, M9 W 7 R3. february 2000 CSA/I I N T E R N AT I 0 N A L STANDARD lSO/IEC 12087-1 First edition 1995-04-1 5 Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing - Image P
26、rocessing and Interchange (IPI) - Functional specification - Part 1: Com mon architecture for imaging Technologies de /information - lnfographie et traitement de /image - Traitement de Iimage et echange (/PI) - Specificatiun fonctionnelie - Partie 7: Architecture commune pour limage Reference number
27、 ISO/IEC 12087-1 11 995(E) ISO/IEC 12087-1 11 995 (E) Contents 4 5 Scope Normative References . 1 3 Definitions and abbreviations 4 3.3 Diagrammatic Conventions . 5 3.1 Definitions 4 5 3.2 Abbreviations . The IPI architecture 7 4.1 IPI imaging architecture 7 4.1.1 IPI imaging model 7 4.2 IPI basic d
28、ata types 9 4.2.2 IPI compound data types 10 4.3 IPI image data types 11 4.1.2 IPI operator processing model 8 4.2.1 IPI elementary data types . 10 4.3.1 IPI derived elementary image data types . 11 4.3.2 IPI derived compound image data types 11 4.4 IPI derived non-image data types 14 4.4.2 IPI deri
29、ved image-related non-image data types 14 . 4.3.3 IPI derived image attributes 13 14 4.4.1 IPI derived image annotation data types IPI-PIKS architecture 16 16 16 5.1.2 IPI-PIKS image control 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 5.1 IPI-PIRS imaging model . 5.1.1 IPI-PIKS neighbourhood control 5.2 IPI-PIKS system co
30、ntrol . 5.2.1 Data object management 5 -2.2 5.2.3 Element chaining . 5.2.4 Error management IPI-PIKS basic data types . 5.3.1 IPI-PIKS elementary data types . 5.3.2 IPI-PIKS compound data types . 19 IPI-PIKS derived image data descriptions 22 IPI-PIKS derived data types 22 IPI-PIKS compound image da
31、ta types . 22 5.4.3 Composite images 23 IPI-PIKS image object attributes 24 5.5 IPI-PIKS derived non-image data structures 26 Operational synchronicity 18 5.3 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.4 5.6 IPI-PIKS data pragmata 34 0 ISO/IEC 1995 All rights reserved . Unless otherwise specified. no part of this publicat
32、ion may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means. electronic or mechanical. including photocopying and microfilm. without permission in writing from the publisher . ISO/IEC Copyright Office Case postale 56 . CH-1211 Genkve 20 Switzerland 11 ISOAEC ISO/IEC 12087-1 :I995 (E) 6 IPI-IIF-spe
33、cific architecture . 35 6.1 IPI-IIF imaging model 35 6.2 IPI-IIF basic data types 35 6.3.1 IPI-IF derived image data types . 36 6.3.2 IPI-IIF image attributes . 36 . 6.3 IPI-IIF derived data types 36 . 6.3.3 IPI-IIF derived non-image data types . 37 6.3.3.1 IPI-IIF image annotation data types 37 6.3
34、.3.2 IPI-IIF image-related non-image data types 37 7 Relationship between IPI-PIKS and IPI-IIF . 41 8 Conformance 42 8.1 Conformance of functionality 42 8.2 Conformance of accuracy and precision . 42 8.3 Extensions . 42 8.4 Conformance profiles . 43 8.4.1 Types of profile 43 8.4.2 Application profil
35、e registration 44 8.4.3 Profiles defined by IPI . 44 Annexes . 46 A Structured image data types . 46 B Structure codes . 48 C The representation of colour . 49 D Language-Independent Data Types . 56 D.l Bit 56 D.2 Boolean 56 D.3 Character . 57 D.4 Complex 58 D.5 Enumerated 58 D.6 Null . 59 D.7 Integ
36、er . 59 D.8 Real . 60 D.9 State . 61 D.10Array 61 D.11Choice . 62 D.12List . 63 D.13Pointer . 64 D.14Range 65 D.15Record . 65 D.16Set 66 D.17 Character String . 67 D.18Table 68 E Bibliography . 69 . 111 ISOAEC 12087-1 11 995 (E) ISOflEC List of figures 7 8 Relationshrp of the parts of ISO/IEC 12087
37、. Diagrammatic conventions 6 Fundamental operator processing model 9 The operator model used by IPI-PIKS Aggregation of Image References into a List . 24 2 8 16 Relationship Between a Physical Volume and IPI-PIKS Horizontal. Vertical. and Depth Coordinates . 23 Colour Systems and Representations Use
38、d by IPI 50 Interfaces between application program. IPI-PIKS. and IPI-IIF iv ISO/IEC List of tables ISO/tEC 12087-1 :I 995 (E) Codes for the externally-visible representations of IPI-PIKS-specific data types 21 Dimensions of an IPI-PIKS Data Object . 22 IPI-IIF profiles that correspond to IPI-PIKS p
39、rofiles 44 IPI-PIKS profiles that correspond to IPI-IIF profiles 45 XY 2 tristimulus values for the white points of common illuminance . 51 Supported types of colour representation. and their attributes . 53 Standardized parameterisations of colours 53 Parameter values for the standardized colour re
40、presentations (non-normative) . 54 Mappings Between CoIours and Image Channels 55 V ISOAEC 12087-1 11 995 (E) ISO/IEC Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the Inter- nationaI Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization.
41、 National bodies that are members of IS0 or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. IS0 and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual int
42、erest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with IS0 and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, IS0 and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint te
43、chnical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approvaI by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO/IEC 12087- 1 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISODEC JTC 1, Information technology, S
44、ubcommittee SC 24, Computer graphics and image processing. ISOAEC 12087 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing - Image processing and interchange (IPI) - Functional specification: - Part 1: Common architecture for imag
45、ing - Part 2: Programmers imaging kernel system application programme interface - Part 3: Image Interchange Facility (IIF) Annexes A to D form an integral part of this part of ISO/IEC 12087. Annex E is for information only. vi ISOAEC ISOAEC 12087-1 :I 995 (E Introduction The processing of images is
46、a requirement of many application areas of information processing. Early work in these areas led to the development of many application program interfaces and a large number of image representations for interchange. The purpose of ISOAEC 12087 is to provide an application program interface and an im
47、age interchange representation in order to increase the portability of application software. ISOflEC 12087 provides an architectural model for the representation and manipulation of images in a digital form. Based on this model, it defines an application program interface and an image interchange fo
48、rmat. It is applicable to all application areas that involve the processing, manipulation, or transfer of image data. ISOAEC 12087 includes notes and exemplary material. Such material is non-normative: it is included solely to aid understanding and does not form part of ISOAEC 22087. ISOAEC 12087 in
49、itially comprises three parts: 1 Common architecture for imaging, which describes the common architectural material on which the entire Standard is based; 2 Programmers imaging kernel system application program inferface, which defines processing opera- tions to be carried out on image data; 3 Image Interchange Facility (IIF), which defines how images may be interchanged between application programs. Information may be interchanged between the application program, Programmers Imaging Kernel System (IPI-PIKS), and Image Interchange Facility (IPI-IF) (see figure ).
