1、National Standard of CanadaCAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 12087-3-01(ISO/IEC 12087-3:1995)International Standard ISO/IEC 12087-3:1995 (first edition, 1995-02-15), has been adopted withoutmodification as CSA Standard CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 12087-3-01, which has been approved as a NationalStandard of Canada by the Standard
2、s Council of Canada.ISBN 1-55324-319-6 February 2001The Canadian Standards Association, which The Standards Council of Canada is theoperates under the name CSA International coordinating body of the National Standards system, (CSA), under whose auspices this National Standard a federation of indepen
3、dent, autonomoushas been produced, was chartered in 1919 and organizations working towards the furtheraccredited by the Standards Council of Canada to the development and improvement of voluntaryNational Standards system in 1973. It is a not-for-profit, standardization in the national interest.nonst
4、atutory, voluntary membership association The principal objects of the Council are to foster engaged in standards development and certification and promote voluntary standardization as a means activities. of advancing the national economy, benefiting theCSA standards reflect a national consensus of
5、health, safety, and welfare of the public, assisting producers and users including manufacturers, and protecting the consumer, facilitating domestic consumers, retailers, unions and professional and international trade, and furthering internationalorganizations, and governmental agencies. The cooper
6、ation in the field of standards.standards are used widely by industry and commerce A National Standard of Canada is a standard whichand often adopted by municipal, provincial, and federal has been approved by the Standards Council ofgovernments in their regulations, particularly in the Canada and on
7、e which reflects a reasonablefields of health, safety, building and construction, and agreement among the views of a number of capablethe environment. individuals whose collective interests provide to theIndividuals, companies, and associations across greatest practicable extent a balance ofCanada i
8、ndicate their support for CSAs standards representation of producers, users, consumers, anddevelopment by volunteering their time and skills to others with relevant interests, as may be appropriateCSA Committee work and supporting the Associations to the subject in hand. It normally is a standardobj
9、ectives through sustaining memberships. The more which is capable of making a significant and timelythan 7000 committee volunteers and the 2000 contribution to the national interest.sustaining memberships together form CSAs total Approval of a standard as a National Standard ofmembership from which
10、its Directors are chosen. Canada indicates that a standard conforms to theSustaining memberships represent a major source of criteria and procedures established by the Standardsincome for CSAs standards development activities. Council of Canada. Approval does not refer to theThe Association offers c
11、ertification and testing services technical content of the standard; this remains thein support of and as an extension to its standards continuing responsibility of the accrediteddevelopment activities. To ensure the integrity of its standards-development organization.certification process, the Asso
12、ciation regularly and Those who have a need to apply standards arecontinually audits and inspects products that bear the encouraged to use National Standards of CanadaCSA Mark. whenever practicable. These standards are subject In addition to its head office and laboratory complex to periodic review;
13、 therefore, users are cautioned in Toronto, CSA has regional branch offices in major to obtain the latest edition from the organizationcentres across Canada and inspection and testing preparing the standard.agencies in eight countries. Since 1919, the Association The responsibility for approving Nat
14、ional Standards has developed the necessary expertise to meet its of Canada rests with thecorporate mission: CSA is an independent service Standards Council of Canadaorganization whose mission is to provide an open and 270 Albert Street, Suite 200effective forum for activities facilitating the excha
15、nge of Ottawa, Ontario, K1P 6N7goods and services through the use of standards, Canadacertification and related services to meet national andinternational needs.For further information on CSA services, write toCSA International178 Rexdale BoulevardToronto, Ontario, M9W 1R3CanadaAlthough the intended
16、 primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is importantto note that it remains the responsibility of the users to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.Registered trade-mark of Canadian Standards AssociationInformation technology Computer graphics and imageprocessi
17、ng Image Processing and Interchange (IPI) CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 12087-3-01 Functional specification Part 3: Image Interchange Facility (IIF)February 2001 CSA/1CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 12087-3-01Information technology Computergraphics and image processing Image Processing and Interchange(IPI) Functional specificati
18、on Part 3: Image Interchange Facility(IIF)CSA PrefaceStandards development within the Information Technology sector is harmonized with internationalstandards development. Through the CSA Technical Committee on Information Technology (TCIT),Canadians serve as the Canadian Advisory Committee (CAC) on
19、ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 onInformation Technology (ISO/IEC JTC1) for the Standards Council of Canada (SCC), the ISO memberbody for Canada and sponsor of the Canadian National Committee of the IEC. Also, as a member of theInternational Telecommunication Union (ITU), Canada participates in
20、the International Telegraph andTelephone Consultative Committee (ITU-T).This International Standard was reviewed by the CSA TCIT under the jurisdiction of the StrategicSteering Committee on Information Technology and deemed acceptable for use in Canada. (Acommittee membership list is available on re
21、quest from the CSA Project Manager.) From time to time,ISO/IEC may publish addenda, corrigenda, etc. The CSA TCIT will review these documents for approvaland publication. For a listing, refer to the CSA Information Products catalogue or CSA Info Update orcontact a CSA Sales representative. This Stan
22、dard has been formally approved, without modification, bythese Committees and has been approved as a National Standard of Canada by the Standards Council ofCanada.February 2001 CSA International 2001All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the
23、 prior permission ofthe publisher. ISO/IEC material is reprinted with permission. Inquiries regarding this National Standard of Canada shouldbe addressed to CSA International, 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, M9W 1R3.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/lEe 12087-3 First edition 1995-02-15 Information
24、 technology - Computer graphics and image processing - Image Processing and Interchange (lPI) Functional specification -Part 3: Image Interchange Facility (IIF) Technologies de Iinformation - Infographie et traitement de (image -Traitement de Iimage et echange (IPI) - Specification fonctionnelle -Pa
25、rtie 3: Accessoires pour Iechange dimages (IIF) Reference number ISO/lEe 12087-3:1995(E) ISOIIEC 12087-3:199S(E) Contents Foreword . IV Introduction . . . . . v I Scope 2 Nonnative references 3 3 Definitions and abbreviations . 5 3.1 Definitions 3.2 Abbreviations 5 5 4 The IPI-IIF architecture 6 4.1
26、 The IPI-IIF Data Fonnat and the IPI-IIF Gateway 6 4.2 Interworking between IPI-IIF Gateway and IPI-PIKS 7 5 The IIF data format (IIF-DF) 9 9 5.1 Basic features of the I1F-DF 5.1.1 Objects that are expressed in the IIF-DF . 9 5.1.2 Syntax notation . 9 5.1.3 Encoding of syntax entities 10 5.1.4 Rules
27、 that are not formally expressed within the lIF syntax . 10 5.2 Structure of the IIF-DF syntax 5.2.1 Overall structure 5.2.2 Image structures . 5.2.3 Placement of pixel fields . 5.2.4 Encoding of pixel fields . 5.2.5 Attributes, annotations, and image-related data 5.3 Syntax entities of the IIF-DF I
28、I 11 12 14 14 14 16 5.3.1 Entities for the description of the entire IIF-DF 19 5.3.2 Entities for the description of images 27 5.3.3 Entities for the description of the representation of pixel values 46 5.3.4 Entities for the description of image-related data 59 5.3.5 Entities for the description of
29、 image attributes 79 5.3.6 Entities for the description of image annotations III 5.3.7 Entities for the description of basic data objects . 114 ISO/lEC 1995 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic, or mechanical, includin
30、g photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISO/IEC Copyright Office 0 Case Postale 56 0 CH-1211 Geneve 20 0 Switzerland ii 6 IPI-IIF Confonnance 6.1 Standardized profiles for the IIF-DF 6.1.1 Full PIKS profile of the IIF-DF 6.1.2 Foundation profile of the IIF-DF
31、6.2 Registered profiles for the IIF-DF ISO/lEe 12087-3:1995(E) 121 121 122 125 128 6.2.1 Application-specific semantics 128 6.2.2 Constraining methods . . 129 6.3 Extension methods 7 IPI-IIF Gateway functionality 7.1 Basic categories of IPI -IIF Gateway functions 130 131 131 7.1.1 Gateway control an
32、d error handling . . 131 7.1.2 Import and export functionality . 132 7.1.3 Parse and generate functionality 132 7.1.4 Data structure access functionality 133 7.1.5 Data structure manipulation functionality . 134 7.1.6 Compression and decompression functionality . ,. 134 7.1.7 Application-oriented fu
33、nctionality 137 7.2 IPI-IIF gateway-internal tables 137 7.3 Survey of IPI-IIF Gateway functions 138 7.4 IPI-IIF Gateway functionality by manual pages 139 7.5 PIKS-IIF interworking protocol 193 Annexes A List of IIF-DF syntax entities and component names (nonnative) B List of IPI-IIF Gateway function
34、-caused errors (infonnative) C Typical IIF image interchange scenario (infonnative) D Examples of IIF-DF images (infonnative) D.l Simple binary image D.2 Colour image with colourimetric attributes D.3 Tiled image E Example program for the use of the IPI-IIF Gateway (infonnative) F IIF-DF syntax diag
35、rams (infonnative) G Bibliography 194 208 210 212 213 214 216 218 221 243 iii ISOIIEC 12087-3:1995(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies t
36、hat are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees, established by the respective organization, to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other int
37、ernational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of international technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC I. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical commit
38、tee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO/IEC 12087-3 was prepared by the Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology. ISO/IEC 120
39、87 initially consists of three parts, under the general title Information technology Computer graphics and image processing - Image Processing and Interchange (/PI) - Functional specification: Part 1: Common architecture for imaging Part 2: Programmers imaging kernel system application program inter
40、face Part 3: Image Interchange Facility (IIF) Annex A forms an integral part of this part of ISO/IEC 12087. Annexes B to G are for information only. iv ISOIIEC 12087-3:1995(E) Introduction ISO/IEC 12087-1 establishes the conceptual and architectural framework for ISO/IEC 12087. In particular, it def
41、ines the types of all image data objects, image-related data objects, and attributes that may be interchanged by means of the IPI-lIF. ISO/IEC 12087-2 establishes the specification of the Programmers Imaging Kernel System (IPI-PIKS). ISO/IEC 12087-3 provides a data format specification and an applic
42、ation program interface specification. The lIF data format may be used for image data interchange in open, heterogeneous environments. It may also serve as a local file format for imaging applications, especially in conjunction with ISO/IEC 12087-2. In future, the IIF data format could be used by te
43、lecommunication standards. Examples are future versions of File Transfer, Access, and Management (FT AM), ISO/IEC 8571; the Message Oriented Text Interchange Systems (MOTIS), ISO/IEC 10021 (also known as Message Handling System (MHS), CCnT Recommendation X.400). Thus the IIF data format could become
44、 part of application-oriented OSI communications protocols. Within the IIF data format (IIF-DF), compressed images may be specified and interchanged. For this purpose, the following standards are referenced: CCITT Recs. T.4 and T.6 (Facsimile) ISO/IEC 11544 (JBIG) ISO/IEC 109 18 (JPEG) ISO/IEC I 1 1
45、72 (MPEG-I ) Image data streams that conform to the encoded representation of compressed image data specified by these standards may be included in the IIF-DF. For instance, a time series image can be represented as an array of time slices, each of which is encoded according to the JPEG Standard. Fu
46、rthermore, the IIF-DF allows images to be represented through the combination of compressed parts with uncompressed parts. It is also possible to use multiple compression methods within a single IIF-DF-conformant image. For instance, a colour image can be represented as tiled images whereby some til
47、es are encoded according to the lossy mode of the JPEG Standard and others according to the lossless mode. For detailed information concerning compressed data streams and compression/decompression functionality, refer to 5.3.3 and 7.1.6, respectively. There are various possibilities for interaction
48、and data exchange between the IPI-PIKS domain and the IPI IIF domain. Both domains are controlled by the application via application program interfaces (APIs). For a detailed description of the interworking between the IPI-PIKS and the IPI-IIF refer to clause 4 (the IPI IIF architecture) and clause
49、7 (the IPI-IIF Gateway functionality). For a description of the relation between the types of objects that may be interchanged by means of the IPI-IIF and those types of objects that may be processed by the IPI-PIKS, refer to clause 6 (the profiles for the IIF data format). Refer also to ISO/IEC 12087-1. v ISOIIEC 12087-3:1995(E) vi INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISOIIEC ISOIIEC 12087-3:1995(E) Information technology - Computer graphics and image processing - Image Processing and Interchange (IPI) Functional specification Part 3: Image Interchange Facility (II
