1、Reference numberISO/IEC 13751:2001(E)ISO/IEC 2001Information technology Programminglanguages, their environments andsystem software interfaces Programming language Extended APLTechnologies de linformation Langages de programmation, leursenvironnements et interfaces logiciel systme Langage deprogramm
2、ation APL tenduNational Standard of CanadaCAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 13751:02(ISO/IEC 13751:2001)International Standard ISO/IEC 13751:2001 (first edition, 2001-02-01) has been adopted withoutmodification (IDT) as CSA Standard CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 13751:02, which has been approved as a NationalStandard of Canada by
3、the Standards Council of Canada.ISBN 1-55324-977-1 December 2002The Canadian Standards Association (CSA), The Standards Council of Canada is theunder whose auspices this National Standard has been coordinating body of the National Standards system, produced, was chartered in 1919 and accredited by a
4、 federation of independent, autonomousthe Standards Council of Canada to the National organizations working towards the furtherStandards system in 1973. It is a not-for-profit, development and improvement of voluntarynonstatutory, voluntary membership association standardization in the national inte
5、rest.engaged in standards development and certification The principal objects of the Council are to foster activities. and promote voluntary standardization as a means CSA standards reflect a national consensus of of advancing the national economy, benefiting theproducers and users including manufac
6、turers, health, safety, and welfare of the public, assisting consumers, retailers, unions and professional and protecting the consumer, facilitating domestic organizations, and governmental agencies. The and international trade, and furthering internationalstandards are used widely by industry and c
7、ommerce cooperation in the field of standards.and often adopted by municipal, provincial, and A National Standard of Canada is a standard whichfederal governments in their regulations, particularly has been approved by the Standards Council ofin the fields of health, safety, building and Canada and
8、one which reflects a reasonableconstruction, and the environment. agreement among the views of a number of capableIndividuals, companies, and associations across individuals whose collective interests provide to theCanada indicate their support for CSAs standards greatest practicable extent a balanc
9、e ofdevelopment by volunteering their time and skills to representation of producers, users, consumers, andCSA Committee work and supporting the Associations others with relevant interests, as may be appropriateobjectives through sustaining memberships. The to the subject in hand. It normally is a s
10、tandardmore than 7000 committee volunteers and the 2000 which is capable of making a significant and timelysustaining memberships together form CSAs total contribution to the national interest.membership from which its Directors are chosen. Approval of a standard as a National Standard ofSustaining
11、memberships represent a major source of Canada indicates that a standard conforms to theincome for CSAs standards development activities. criteria and procedures established by the StandardsThe Association offers certification and testing Council of Canada. Approval does not refer to theservices in
12、support of and as an extension to its technical content of the standard; this remains thestandards development activities. To ensure the continuing responsibility of the accreditedintegrity of its certification process, the Association standards-development organization.regularly and continually aud
13、its and inspects products Those who have a need to apply standards arethat bear the CSA Mark. encouraged to use National Standards of CanadaIn addition to its head office and laboratory complex whenever practicable. These standards are subject in Toronto, CSA has regional branch offices in major to
14、periodic review; therefore, users are cautioned centres across Canada and inspection and testing to obtain the latest edition from the organizationagencies in eight countries. Since 1919, the preparing the standard.Association has developed the necessary expertise to The responsibility for approving
15、 National Standards meet its corporate mission: CSA is an independent of Canada rests with theservice organization whose mission is to provide an Standards Council of Canadaopen and effective forum for activities facilitating the 270 Albert Street, Suite 200exchange of goods and services through the
16、 use of Ottawa, Ontario, K1P 6N7standards, certification and related services to meet Canadanational and international needs.For further information on CSA services, write toCanadian Standards Association5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100Mississauga, Ontario, L4W 5N6CanadaAlthough the intended primary app
17、lication of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is importantto note that it remains the responsibility of the users to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.Registered trade-mark of Canadian Standards AssociationCAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 13751:02 system software interfaces Programming langua
18、ge Extended APLInformation technology Programming languages, their environments andDecember 2002 Canadian Standards Association CSA/1CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 13751:02Information technology Programming languages, theirenvironments and system softwareinterfaces Programming languageExtended APLCSA PrefaceStanda
19、rds development within the Information Technology sector is harmonized with internationalstandards development. Through the CSA Technical Committee on Information Technology (TCIT),Canadians serve as the Canadian Advisory Committee (CAC) on ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 onInformation Technolog
20、y (ISO/IEC JTC1) for the Standards Council of Canada (SCC), the ISO memberbody for Canada and sponsor of the Canadian National Committee of the IEC. Also, as a member of theInternational Telecommunication Union (ITU), Canada participates in the International Telegraph andTelephone Consultative Commi
21、ttee (ITU-T).This International Standard was reviewed by the CSA TCIT under the jurisdiction of the StrategicSteering Committee on Information Technology and deemed acceptable for use in Canada. (Acommittee membership list is available on request from the CSA Project Manager.) From time to time,ISO/
22、IEC may publish addenda, corrigenda, etc. The CSA TCIT will review these documents for approvaland publication. For a listing, refer to the CSA Information Products catalogue or CSA Info Update orcontact a CSA Sales representative. This Standard has been formally approved, without modification, byth
23、e Technical Committee and has been approved as a National Standard of Canada by the StandardsCouncil of Canada.December 2002 Canadian Standards Association 2002All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the priorpermission of the publisher. ISO/
24、IEC material is reprinted with permission. Where the words “thisInternational Standard” appear in the text, they should be interpreted as “this National Standard ofCanada”. Inquiries regarding this National Standard of Canada should be addressed to Canadian Standards Association 5060 Spectrum Way, S
25、uite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6 1-800-463-6727 416-747-4044www.csa.caReference numberISO/IEC 13751:2001(E)ISO/IEC 2001INTERNATIONALSTANDARDISO/IEC13751First edition2001-02-01Information technology Programminglanguages, their environments andsystem software interfaces Programming langu
26、age Extended APLTechnologies de linformation Langages de programmation, leursenvironnements et interfaces logiciel systme Langage deprogrammation APL tenduISO/IEC 13751:2001(E)PDF disclaimerThis PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be pri
27、nted or viewed but shall notbe edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading thisfile, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no lia
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29、able for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely eventthat a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO/IEC 2001All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by a
30、ny means, electronicor mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member bodyin the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 Gb7 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail co
31、pyrightiso.chWeb www.iso.chii ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reservedISO/IEC13751:2001(E)Contents1Scope 12 Normative References 23 Form of this International Standard 33.1 Form of Definitions BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM3.2 Named Arrays in Examples BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM
32、BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 43.3 Notes BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 53.4 Cross-References BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM3.5 General Definitions BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM4 Compliance 74.1 Conforming Impl
33、ementations BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM4.1.1 Required Behaviour for Conforming Implementations BMBMBMBMBMBMBM4.1.2 Required Documentation for Conforming Implementations BMBMBMBM 84.1.2.1 Documentation of Optional-Facilities BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM4.1.2.2 Documentation of Implementati
34、on-Defined-Facilities BMBM4.1.2.3 Consistent Extensions BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 94.2 Conforming Programs BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM4.2.1 Required Behaviour for Conforming Programs BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM4.2.2 Required Documentation for Conforming Programs BMBMBM
35、BMBMBMBMBM5 Definitions 115.1 Characters BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 115.2 Numbers BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 135.2.1 Elementary Operations BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 135.2.2 Number Constants BMBMBMB
36、MBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 145.2.3 Subsets of the Set of Numbers BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 145.2.4 Implementation Algorithms BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 165.2.5 Defined Operations BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 185.3 Objects BMBMBMBMBMBMBM
37、BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 205.3.1 Lists BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 205.3.2 Arrays BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 215.3.3 Defined-Functions BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 235.3.4 T
38、okens BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 25iiibISO/IEC2001AllrightsreservedISO/IEC13751:2001(E)5.3.4.1 Metaclasses BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 265.3.4.2 Index-List BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 295.3.5 Symbols BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM
39、BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 295.3.6 Contexts BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 295.3.7 Workspaces BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 305.3.8 Sessions BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 305.3.9 Shared-Variables BMBMBM
40、BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 325.3.10 Systems BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 335.4 Evaluation Sequences BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 355.4.1 Evaluation Sequence Phrases BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 365.4.2 Diagrams B
41、MBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 375.5 Other Terms BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 386 Syntax and Evaluation 396.1 Introduction BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 396.1.1 Evaluate-Line BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMB
42、MBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 396.1.2 Character-Diagrams BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 406.1.3 Evaluate-Statement BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 476.1.4 Bind-Token-Class BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 496.1.5 Literal-Conversion BMBMBMBMBMBMBMB
43、MBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 506.1.6 Statement-Analysis Token-Diagrams BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 506.2 Reduce-Statement BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 556.3 The Phrase Evaluators BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 606.3.1 Diagrams BMBMBMB
44、MBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 606.3.2 Remove-Parentheses BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 606.3.3 Evaluate-Niladic-Function BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 606.3.4 Evaluate-Monadic-Function BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 616.3.5 Evaluate-M
45、onadic-Operator BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 626.3.6 Evaluate-Dyadic-Function BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 636.3.7 Evaluate-Dyadic-Operator BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 656.3.8 Evaluate-Indexed-Reference BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 666.3.9 Evaluat
46、e-Assignment BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 676.3.10 Evaluate-Indexed-Assignment BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 676.3.11 Evaluate-Variable BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 686.3.12 Build-Index-List BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 686.3.1
47、3 Process-End-of-Statement BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 696.4 The Form Table BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 707 Scalar Functions 757.1 Monadic Scalar Functions BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 767.1.1 Conjugate BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMB
48、MBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 767.1.2 Negative BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 767.1.3 Direction BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 777.1.4 Reciprocal BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 777.1.5 Floor BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMB
49、MBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 787.1.6 Ceiling BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 787.1.7 Exponential BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 79ivbISO/IEC2001AllrightsreservedISO/IEC13751:2001(E)7.1.8 Natural Logarithm BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 797.1.9 Magnitude BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 807.1.10 Factorial BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM 817.1.11 Pi times BMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBMBM
