1、National Standard of CanadaCAN/CSA-ISO/IEC TR 10032:04(ISO/IEC TR 10032:2003)Technical Report ISO/IEC TR 10032:2003 (first edition, 2003-11-01) has been adopted withoutmodification (IDT) as CSA Standard CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC TR 10032:04, which has been approved as aNational Standard of Canada by the Stand
2、ards Council of Canada.ISBN 1-55397-806-4 December 2004Reference numberISO/IEC TR 10032:2003(E)ISO/IEC 2003Information technology Reference Model of Data Management Technologies de linformation Modle de rfrence pour la gestion de donnes The Canadian Standards Association (CSA), under whose auspices
3、this National Standard has been produced, was chartered in 1919 and accredited by the Standards Council of Canada to the National Standards system in 1973. It is a not-for-profit, nonstatutory, voluntary membership association engaged in standards development and certification activities. CSA standa
4、rds reflect a national consensus of producers and users including manufacturers, consumers, retailers, unions and professional organizations, and governmental agencies. The standards are used widely by industry and commerce and often adopted by municipal, provincial, and federal governments in their
5、 regulations, particularly in the fields of health, safety, building and construction, and the environment. Individuals, companies, and associations across Canada indicate their support for CSAs standards development by volunteering their time and skills to CSA Committee work and supporting the Asso
6、ciations objectives through sustaining memberships. The more than 7000 committee volunteers and the 2000 sustaining memberships together form CSAs total membership from which its Directors are chosen. Sustaining memberships represent a major source of income for CSAs standards development activities
7、. The Association offers certification and testing services in support of and as an extension to its standards development activities. To ensure the integrity of its certification process, the Association regularly and continually audits and inspects products that bear the CSA Mark. In addition to i
8、ts head office and laboratory complex in Toronto, CSA has regional branch offices in major centres across Canada and inspection and testing agencies in eight countries. Since 1919, the Association has developed the necessary expertise to meet its corporate mission: CSA is an independent service orga
9、nization whose mission is to provide an open and effective forum for activities facilitating the exchange of goods and services through the use of standards, certification and related services to meet national and international needs.For further information on CSA services, write toCanadian Standard
10、s Association5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100Mississauga, Ontario, L4W 5N6CanadaThe Standards Council of Canada is the coordinating body of the National Standards system, a federation of independent, autonomous organizations working towards the further development and improvement of voluntary standardiz
11、ation in the national interest. The principal objects of the Council are to foster and promote voluntary standardization as a means of advancing the national economy, benefiting the health, safety, and welfare of the public, assisting and protecting the consumer, facilitating domestic and internatio
12、nal trade, and furthering international cooperation in the field of standards. A National Standard of Canada is a standard which has been approved by the Standards Council of Canada and one which reflects a reasonable agreement among the views of a number of capable individuals whose collective inte
13、rests provide to the greatest practicable extent a balance of representation of producers, users, consumers, and others with relevant interests, as may be appropriate to the subject in hand. It normally is a standard which is capable of making a significant and timely contribution to the national in
14、terest. Approval of a standard as a National Standard of Canada indicates that a standard conforms to the criteria and procedures established by the Standards Council of Canada. Approval does not refer to the technical content of the standard; this remains the continuing responsibility of the accred
15、ited standards development organization. Those who have a need to apply standards are encouraged to use National Standards of Canada whenever practicable. These standards are subject to periodic review; therefore, users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition from the organization preparing the s
16、tandard.The responsibility for approving National Standards of Canada rests with theStandards Council of Canada270 Albert Street, Suite 200Ottawa, Ontario, K1P 6N7CanadaAlthough the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is importantto note that it remains the respo
17、nsibility of the users to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.Registered trade-mark of Canadian Standards AssociationCAN/CSA-ISO/IEC TR 10032:04 Information technology Reference Model of Data ManagementDecember 2004 Canadian Standards Association CSA/1CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC TR 10032:04Inform
18、ation technology Reference Model of Data ManagementCSA PrefaceStandards development within the Information Technology sector is harmonized with international standards development. Through the CSA Technical Committee on Information Technology (TCIT), Canadians serve as the Canadian Advisory Committe
19、e (CAC) on ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1 on Information Technology (ISO/IEC JTC1) for the Standards Council of Canada (SCC), the ISO member body for Canada and sponsor of the Canadian National Committee of the IEC. Also, as a member of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Canada pa
20、rticipates in the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (ITU-T).This Standard supersedes CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC 10032-96 (adoption of ISO/IEC 10032:1995).This Technical Report was reviewed by the CSA TCIT under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Information Techn
21、ology and deemed acceptable for use in Canada. (A committee membership list is available on request from the CSA Project Manager.) From time to time, ISO/IEC may publish addenda, corrigenda, etc. The CSA TCIT will review these documents for approval and publication. For a listing, refer to the CSA I
22、nformation Products catalogue or CSA Info Update or contact a CSA Sales representative. This Standard has been formally approved as a National Standard of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada.December 2004 Canadian Standards Association 2004All rights reserved. No part of this publication may b
23、e reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission ofthe publisher. ISO/IEC material is reprinted with permission. Where the words “this Technical Report” appear in the text, they should be interpreted as “this National Standard of Canada”.Inquiries regarding this National Standard of
24、Canada should be addressed toCanadian Standards Association5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N61-800-463-6727 416-747-4044www.csa.caReference numberISO/IEC TR 10032:2003(E)ISO/IEC 2003TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/IECTR10032First edition2003-11-01Information technology Reference
25、 Model of Data Management Technologies de linformation Modle de rfrence pour la gestion de donnes ISO/IEC TR 10032:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the ty
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29、g photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org ii ISO/IEC
30、 2003 All rights reservedISO/IEC TR 10032:2003(E) ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword vi Introduction vii 1 Scope 1 2 Terms and definitions. 1 3 Symbols and abbreviations . 7 3.1 Symbols . 7 3.1.1 Persistent data 7 3.1.2 Communications linkage 7 3.1.3 Processing linkage . 7 3.
31、1.4 Process class 7 3.1.5 Processor class. 8 3.1.6 Processor class with service interface. 8 3.1.7 Class names 8 3.2 Abbreviations 8 4 Data Management Requirements 9 4.1 Purpose 9 4.2 Information systems . 9 4.2.1 Context of Data Management in an Information System 9 4.3 Database and schema 10 4.4 D
32、ata Modelling Facility . 11 4.5 Data independence . 11 4.6 Data management services 11 4.7 Processors and interfaces . 12 4.8 Access control 12 4.8.1 Definition and modification of access control privileges . 12 4.8.2 Enforcement of access control . 12 4.8.3 Security external to data management . 13
33、 4.9 Operational requirements to support data management 13 4.9.1 Information systems life cycle support 13 4.9.2 Configuration management, version control and variants. 14 4.9.3 Concurrent processing. 14 4.9.4 Database transaction management 14 4.9.5 Performance engineering. 15 4.9.6 Referencing da
34、ta . 15 4.9.7 Extensible Data Modelling Facility 15 4.9.8 Support for different Data Modelling Facilities at user interface. 15 4.9.9 Audit trails 15 4.9.10 Recovery 15 4.9.11 Logical data restructuring 15 4.9.12 Physical storage reorganization 16 4.10 Additional operational requirements to support
35、data management in a distributed information system . 16 4.10.1 Distribution control. 17 4.10.2 Database transaction management 18 4.10.3 Communications . 18 4.10.4 Export/import. 18 4.10.5 Distribution independence. 18 4.10.6 System autonomy . 18 4.10.7 Recovery of a distributed database 18 4.11 Di
36、ctionary systems . 18 ISO/IEC TR 10032:2003(E) iv ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved5 Concepts for data level pairs and related processes19 5.1 Purpose 19 5.2 Level pairs19 5.2.1 Interlocking level pairs .19 5.2.2 Recursive use of level pairs .20 5.2.3 Operations on level pairs .21 5.3 Dependence of l
37、evel pairs on a Data Modelling Facility .21 5.3.1 Level pairs and data structuring rules 21 5.3.2 Level pairs and data manipulation rules.21 5.4 Level pairs and associated processes22 5.5 Access control for level pairs 24 5.6 Schema modification 24 6 Architectural model.24 6.1 Purpose 24 6.2 Modelli
38、ng concepts.24 6.2.1 Characteristics of Reference Model processors25 6.2.2 Levels of abstraction 25 6.2.3 Notation for processors25 6.3 The generic model of data management 26 6.3.1 Generic Database Controller27 6.3.2 User Processor27 6.3.3 User.28 6.4 Specialization of the model in different enviro
39、nments28 6.5 Database environment28 6.6 Distributed data management29 6.6.1 Distribution Controller 31 6.6.2 Role of Distribution Controller and level pairs.31 6.7 Export/Import model .31 6.8 Access Control for Data Management 32 7 Objectives and principles for data management standardization .33 7.
40、1 Purpose 33 7.2 Technical objectives associated with data management standardization34 7.2.1 Support for all distributed scenarios 34 7.2.2 Location independence 34 7.2.3 Standardized database transaction management .35 7.2.4 Export and import of databases 35 7.2.5 Reduced complexity of handling da
41、ta.36 7.2.6 Overall performance in distributed scenarios36 7.2.7 Data independence36 7.2.8 Application portability 36 7.2.9 Extensible Data Modelling Facility 36 7.2.10 Flexible presentation of data to users 36 7.3 Means of achieving objectives.36 7.3.1 Same data modelling facility for each level pa
42、ir 37 7.3.2 Same interchange mechanism for all level pairs .37 7.3.3 Same processors usable for all level pairs 37 7.3.4 Standardized services at Database Controller interface.38 7.3.5 Standardized approach to access control38 7.3.6 Standardized representation of data needed to facilitate interopera
43、bility38 7.3.7 Support data fragmentation .38 7.3.8 Separation of logical and physical structures .38 7.3.9 Access to schema during execution.38 7.3.10 User data modelling facility different from interchange data modelling facility 39 7.4 Aspects of data management standards 39 7.4.1 Categories of d
44、ata management standard .39 7.4.2 Role of a data modelling facility in standardization 40 7.4.3 Standardization styles 40 Annex A (informative) Related International Standards .41 ISO/IEC TR 10032:2003(E) ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reserved vAnnex B (informative) Relationship of existing and developing
45、 database standards to the architecture of the Reference Model of Data Management 42 ISO/IEC TR 10032:2003(E) vi ISO/IEC 2003 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for w
46、orldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborat
47、e in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are
48、drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an I
49、nternational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, the joint technical committee may propose the publication of a Technical Report of one of the following types: type 1, when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts; type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or where for any other reason there is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an
