1、National Technical Report of Canada CAN/CSA-ISO/TR 14061 -00 (ISO/TR 14061:1998) Technical Report ISO/TR 14061:1998 (first edition, 199 this remains the continuing responsibility of the accredited standards-development organization. Those who have a need to apply standards are encouraged to use Nati
2、onal Standards of Canada whenever practicable. These standards are subject to periodic review; therefore, users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition from the organization preparing the standard. The responsibility for approving National Standards of Canada rests with the Standards Council of C
3、anada 45 OConnor Street, Suite 1200 Ottawa, Ontario, K1 P 6N7 Canada A National Standard of Canada is a standard which National Standards of Canada are published in English and french. Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it
4、remains the responsibility of the users to judge its suitability for their particular purpose. CAN/CSA-ISO/TR 7 406 7 -00 Information to assist forestry organizations in the use of Environmental Manaaement Svstem standards IS0 7 4001 and 150 74004 CAN/CSA-ISO/TR 14061 -00 Infomation to assist forest
5、ry organizations in the use of EnvironmentaZ Management Systenz standards IS0 14001 and IS0 14004 CSA Preface This is the first edition of CSA Technical Report CAN/CSA-ISO/TR 14061, Information to assist forestry organizations in the use of Environmental Management System standards IS0 14001 and IS0
6、 14004. This document is an adoption without modification of the identically titled IS0 (International Organization for Standardization) Technical Report 14061 :I 998 (first edition, 1998-1 2-1 5). It is not a Standard and was developed internationally as an informative technical report to assist in
7、 the application of IS0 14001 and IS0 1 4004 to forestry organizations. Canadian National Standards (CAN/CSA-Z808-96 and CAN/CSA-Z809-96) for sustainable forest management systems already exist. They use a management system structure consistent with IS0 14001 . However, the Canadian Standards are sp
8、ecific to defined forest areas and include performance standards for criteria and indicators of sustainability, and have additional conditions not required by IS0 14001. under the auspices of IS0 Technical Committee 207. Canada plays a major role in this area. The Secretariat of ISO/TC 207 is held b
9、y CSA on behalf of Canadas member body in ISO, the Standards Council of Canada, and the Chair of TC 207 is Canadian. Standards through the consensus-based Canadian Advisory Committees (CACs) administered by CSA. The CAC to ISO/TC 207/Working Croup 2 was the source of Canadian expertise and input in
10、the development of CAN/CSA-ISO/TR 14061. The CAC/ISO/TC 207/Working Croup 2 was responsible for developing and submitting coordinated Canadian responses, comments, and voting actions on ISO/TC 207/Working Croup 2 documents and for helping to establish the Canadian position for delegates to take in i
11、nternational meetings. The CAC/ISO/TC 207/Working Croup 2 was disbanded upon the completion of ISO/TR 14061. This document was reviewed for Canadian adoption by the CSA Technical Committee on Sustainable Forest Management. The CSA Technical Committee on Sustainable Forest Management has a multi-stak
12、eholder membership with expertise in forest-related issues, including representatives from across the country with backgrounds in industrial, regulatory, environmental, academic, labour, Aboriginal, and consumer issues. Many of the members of the CAC/ISO/TC 207/Working Croup 2 had also served on the
13、 CSA Technical Committee on Sustainable Forest Management. A list of members of the CSA Technical Committee on Sustainable Forest Management is available on request. Since it represented the best source of balanced expertise on forest management issues, the Technical Committee on Sustainable Forest
14、Management was asked by CSA to consider ISO/TR 14061 for adoption in Canada. National Standards on sustainable forest management, CAN/CSA-Z808-96 and CAN/CSA-Z809-96, which The IS0 14000 family of Standards was developed by environmental experts from around the world, Canadian stakeholders participa
15、te actively in the development of the IS0 14000 family of International The CSA Technical Committee on Sustainable Forest Management had already developed Canadas February 2000 CSA/1 Information to assist forestry organizations in the use of Environmental Management System standards IS0 14001 and IS
16、0 14004 CAN/CSA-ISO/TR 14061 -00 were recognized as National Standards of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada in 1996. CAN/CSA-Z808-96 and CAN/CSA-Z809-96 incorporate the critical elements of the criteria developed by the Canadian Council of Forest Ministers (CCFM). The Standards also adopt th
17、e definition of “sustainable forest management“ developed by the CCFM in 1 992. CAN/CSA-Z808-96 and CAN/CSA-Z809-96 are intended to be compatible with the IS0 14001 management system, while going further by incorporating such things as the CCFM criteria, a performance component, and a mandatory publ
18、ic consultation process. A uniquely Canadian approach, CAN/CSA-Z808-96 and CAN/CSA-Z809-96 represent the best recommendations of the CSA Technical Committee on Sustainable Forest Management for developing a sustainable forest management system in a Canadian context, and continue to be National Stand
19、ards of Canada. The CSA Technical Committee on Sustainable Forest Management, in reviewing the content of this Technical Report for adoption as a National Technical Report of Canada, has considered the context of CAN/CSA-Z808-96 and CAN/CSA-Z809-96 as well as CAN/CSA-IS0 14001. While this document r
20、elates to the implementation of IS0 14001 in Canada, it is not a Standard in its own right. However, it was believed that it does provide useful information, and that it clearly illustrates a link to the IS0 systems approach. It is hoped that the adoption of CANPA-ISO/TR 14061 will provide informati
21、on that may assist forest organizations in developing more rigorous sustainable forest management systems compatible with CAN/CSA-Z809-96. This Technical Report has been formally approved as a National Technical Report of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada. February 2000 O CSA International -
22、 2000 All rights resewed. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher. IS0 material is reprinted with permission. Inquiries regarding this National Technical Report of Canada should be addressed to CSA International, 7 78 Rexdale
23、 Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M9W 1 R3. CSA/2 February 2000 TECHNICAL REPORT ISOITR 14061 First edition 1998-1 2-1 5 Information to assist forestry organizations in the use of Environmental Management System standards IS0 14001 and IS0 14004 Information pour assister les organismes forestier
24、s dans lutilisation des normes IS0 f 400 f et IS0 f 4004 relatives aux systmes de management en vironmental Reference number ISOTTR 14061 : 1998(E) ISO/TR 14061 :1998(E) Contents 1 Scope . 2 Terms and definitions . 1 3 The IS0 14000 series of standards 3 4 Reference material for forestry organizatio
25、ns 4 5 Relationship between SFM principles, intergovernmental Criteria - type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or where for any other reason there is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an international standard; - type 3, when a technical committee ha
26、s collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an international standard (“state of the art”, for example). Technical Reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of publication, to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standard
27、s. Technical Reports of type 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they provide are considered to be no longer valid or useful. ISO/TR 14061, which is a Technical Report of type 3, was prepared by Technical Committee ISOTTC 207, Environmental management, Working Group 2, Forestry.
28、The following excerpt from Resolution 11/96 of TC 207 identifies the relationship between this Technical Report and other important normative aspects of the subject: “The report must be consistent with the following: It must not specify performance levels for forestry, and therefore the Report in it
29、self cannot form the basis for performance claims. It must not create a product label.” The Working Group was directed to conduct its work through an open and inclusive consensus process and in liaison with ISOTTC 207/SC 1. iv o IS0 ISO/TR 14061 :1998(E) Introduction Sustainable forest management (S
30、FM) has emerged as a major global issue. Forest management issues came into sharp focus during the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). A non-legally- binding authoritative statement of principles for a global consensus on the management, conservation, and sustainab
31、le development of all types of forests was adopted. Since UNCED, there have been numerous govern- mental and non-governmental initiatives involving interested parties addressing forest management, including the development of SFM principles, and intergovernmental Criteria and IS0 1 4004, Environment
32、al management systems - General guidelines on principles, systems and supporting techniques. IS0 14001 shares common management system principles with the international quality assurance standards IS0 9001, IS0 9002, and IS0 9003. The IS0 14001 specification provides and describes the required core
33、elements of an EMS, based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act principle (see Figure l), and thus incorporates the concept of continual improvement. Organizations can use IS0 14001 for internal purposes and self-declaration of conformance with the standard. IS0 14001 is the only standard in the IS0 14000 series
34、 against which an organizations environmental management system can be certified following an independent third-party audit. The IS0 14004 Guideline provides additional background on what an environmental management system comprises, and may also prove useful for organizations that do not have an en
35、vironmental management system in place, or that wish to improve an existing system. The IS0 14004 Guideline is not a specification document, and is not intended to be used for auditing and certification purposes. However, it may prove to be useful for organizations which choose to go beyond the requ
36、irements of IS0 14001. 3 ISO/TR 14061 :1998(E) o IS0 Continuai improvement I Pianning II - Environmental aspects - Objectives and targets - Environmental management Management review - Legal and ather requirements prograrmes Irnpiementation and operation Checking and corrective action - Structures a
37、nd responsibility Monitoring and measurement Non-conformance and corrective and preventive action Records 1 EMS audits Emergency preparedness and Training. awareness and competence Cammunication EMS documentation Oocument control Operational control response Figure 1 - Environmental management syste
38、m model from IS0 14001:1996 4 Reference material for forestry organizations 4.1 General This clause highlights reference material that can assist a forestry organization which has chosen to incorporate SFM principles into its IS0 14001 policy, objectives and targets. Sustainable forest management is
39、sues including ecological, social, and economic aspects have developed progressively over the past two decades and have addressed concerns at the global, regional, national and sub-national levels. The reference material in annex B is intended to provide information on a range of policy options for
40、forest managers that are most appropriate for their organization. Annex B presents this information in a manner ranging from general global and intergovernmental forestry initiatives to information appropriate for a specific forest area. 4.2 Intergovernmental initiatives There has been significant d
41、evelopment of multi-lateral agreements among nations addressing environmental issues and the sustainable management of natural resources. The movement gained momentum with the 1980 publication of the World Conservation Strategy and the 1987 report of the Commission on Environment and Development, “O
42、ur Common Future,“ often referred to as the Brundtland Report. The forestry debate came into sharper focus during the UNCED process with “Agenda 21“ and a set of “Forest Principles“ being adopted at the Earth Summit in June 1992. These documents embrace the concept of sustainable management of the w
43、orlds forests. 4 o IS0 ISO/TR 14061 :1998(E) The United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) has the task of promoting the implemen- tation of Agenda 21. An ad hoc Intergovernmental Panel on Forests (IPF) was established in 1995. One of its functions was to facilitate international
44、cooperation in developing Criteria b) the implementation of communication programs involving environmental education and training; c) the promotion of policy objectives with suppliers and contractors. 7 ISO/TR 14061 :1998(E) o IS0 Figure 3 - Application of SFM principles and intergovernmental Criter
45、ia as part of the commitment to comply with other requirements that are subscribed to; as a result of consideration of the views of interested parties. 5.4.1 General Planning relates to the following EMS elements: environmental aspects, legal and other requirements, objectives and targets, and envir
46、onmental management programs (IS0 14001 :1996, 4.3). 5.4.2 Environmental aspects IS0 14001 requires that an organization identify the environmental aspects of its activities, products and services, in order to determine those which have, or can have, a significant impact on the environment, whether
47、adverse or beneficial. These significant aspects must be considered when setting the environmental objectives and control procedures of the organization. Environmental aspects outside an organizations control and influence are excluded from the scope of the EMS (IS0 14001:1996, 4.3.1) Some examples
48、of potentially significant environmental aspects and related impacts specific to forest organizations include: a) b) c) d) Annex B contains a number of references that can help a forestry organization identify its environmental aspects that can have a significant impact on the environment. harvestin
49、g - changes in extent of forest, species composition, and wildlife habitat; site preparation - changes in soil conditions and soil conservation; road construction - changes in water flows, fish habitat, drainage structures; reforestation - changes in species composition and genetic diversity. 5.4.3 Legal and other requirements IS0 14001 requires an organization to identify and have access to all relevant legal and other requirements to which it subscribes (IS0 14001 :1996, 4.3.2). The scope and complexity of laws, regulatory requirements, permits, and government policy for forest manag
