1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationDurability of wood and wood-based products Criteria for hot air processes for curative uses against wood destroying organismsPD CEN/TR 15003:2012National forewordThis Published D
2、ocument is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 15003:2012. It supersedes PD CEN/TS 15003:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/515, Wood preservation.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its s
3、ecretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012 ISBN 978 0 580 78250 3ICS 79.040Compliance with a British Standard canno
4、t confer immunity from legal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN/TR 15003:2012TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCH
5、ER BERICHT CEN/TR 15003 September 2012 ICS 79.040 Supersedes CEN/TS 15003:2005English Version Durability of wood and wood-based products - Criteria for hot air processes for curative uses against wood destroying organismsDurabilit du bois et des matriaux drivs du bois - Critres sappliquant aux procd
6、s air chaud usages curatifs contre les organismes lignivores Dauerhaftigkeit von Holz und Holzprodukten - Kriterien fr Heiluftverfahren zur Bekmpfung von Holz zerstrenden Organismen This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 13 August 2012. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 38
7、. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Pola
8、nd, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form
9、and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 15003:2012: EPD CEN/TR 15003:2012CEN/TR 15003:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Terms and definitions .5 3 Wood destroying organisms 5 3.1 Beetles 5 3.2 Dry rot fungus 6 4 Performance requirements for cu
10、rative hot air treatment .6 4.1 General 6 4.2 Health and safety considerations 6 4.3 Application against beetles 7 4.4 Application against the dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans) 7 4.4.1 General 7 4.4.2 Building investigation .8 4.4.3 Hot air treatment 8 4.4.4 Preplanning and recording .9 4.4.5 Preca
11、ution against collateral damage .9 5 Monitoring requirements . 10 6 Process validation 10 6.1 General . 10 6.2 Temperature control . 10 6.3 Equipment . 10 6.4 Locations for measuring 11 6.5 Time schedule for measuring 11 Annex A (informative) Example of a record for monitoring the hot air treatment
12、to eradicate wood attacking beetles 12 A.1 General information 12 A.2 Installation of the monitoring instruments: . 12 A.3 Monitoring record . 12 Annex B (informative) Example of a record for monitoring the hot air treatment to eradicate the dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans) 13 B.1 General informat
13、ion 13 B.2 Installation of the monitoring instruments 13 B.3 Monitoring record . 13 B.3.1 Cross section A . 14 B.3.2 Cross section B . 14 B.3.3 Cross section C . 14 B.3.4 Cross section D . 14 B.3.5 Cross section E . 15 B.3.6 Data for the heating systems . 15 Bibliography . 16 PD CEN/TR 15003:2012CEN
14、/TR 15003:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TR 15003:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 38 “Durability of wood and derived materials”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subjec
15、t of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TS 15003:2005. This Technical Report gives the criteria for hot air treatment for curative uses against wood destroying organisms. European Standard EN 141
16、28 concerns the criteria for curative wood preservatives as determined by biological tests. PD CEN/TR 15003:2012CEN/TR 15003:2012 (E) 4 Introduction This document should be used in conjunction with EN 14128 which describes the performance requirements for curative wood preservatives as determined by
17、 biological tests. The need for hot air treatment for curative use against wood destroying organisms depends upon a careful diagnosis by expert, qualified specialists to determine the precise causes of the damage to be rectified. This should include the type of wood attacking organisms involved and
18、in the case of beetles whether they are considered to be active, the environmental circumstances, the type of wood involved, the nature of the building or construction, and the structural and physical significance of the timber which is damaged or at risk of being damaged. In particular the need for
19、 hot air treatment for curative use against the true dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans) should include the precise identification of the dry rot fungus, the environmental circumstances, especially the source and nature of any wetting, and the nature of the building or construction, including the mas
20、onry in which the dry rot fungus is present. NOTE So far, no reliable methods exist to determine whether the true dry rot fungus in a building construction is dead or still alive, including dormant stage. Hot air treatment for curative use should be used in an integrated way as part of a carefully p
21、rescribed strategy involving a series of actions appropriate to the particular circumstances of each case. Associated physical measures involving appropriate building works to remedy ingress of moisture and to dry out any dampness can be an essential prerequisite for the use of any process for curat
22、ive use. Expert diagnosis should take into account all regional, practical, environmental, economical, safety and any other factors which may be relevant to the prescriptive decisions to be taken. If properly done hot air treatment does not influence the mechanical properties of the timber involved.
23、 However, the temperature usually applied can influence materials other than wood. It is not the purpose of this document to provide a specification, or even guidance in developing specifications for remedial work to eradicate wood destroying organisms. It is intended to guide specifiers, users and
24、others in selecting and specifying hot air treatment on the basis of its effectiveness as demonstrated in accordance with the criteria given. PD CEN/TR 15003:2012CEN/TR 15003:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This Technical Report specifies the minimum performance requirements for hot air treatment intended for ap
25、plication against specific classes of wood attacking organism. It specifies the minimum performance criteria to be achieved by hot air treatment. NOTE Until now sufficient practical experience and results of scientific tests are available only for heat treatments using hot air as a medium to increas
26、e the temperature inside building components up to a threshold lethal to wood destroying organisms. Therefore, this document is restricted to hot air treatments although other measures like, for example, radio waves or electric blankets may be useful means for limited and special applications. This
27、document is applicable only to hot air treatment, in so far as it is intended to cure attack by wood destroying beetles and the dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans). This Technical Report is not applicable to eradicate an attack by termites or by fungi other than the dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans)
28、. Hot air treatment as described in this document does not provide subsequent preventive protection against attack by wood-destroying organisms. This document does not define the equipment, techniques or precise operation procedures required to achieve the parameters given in Clauses 4 and 5 for any
29、 set of practical circumstances. Specifications for particular practical circumstances have to be developed on a case by case basis by expert advisers/consultants. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 eradication treatment of infes
30、ted timber and/or masonry in order to kill the wood destroying insects and the dry rot fungus. Note 1 to entry: An eradication not necessarily includes an preventive effect against a subsequent attack. This especially concerns hot air treatment as specified in this Technical Report and which does no
31、t include any preventive effect. 2.2 lethal dose total amount of heat as a combination of a particular temperature for a particular period of time necessary to kill all stages of the wood destroying organisms in question 3 Wood destroying organisms 3.1 Beetles The wood attacking beetles to which hot
32、 air treatment can be applied are: Hylotrupes bajulus (houselonghorn beetle) in the sapwood of softwoods; Anobium punctatum (common furniture beetle) in softwoods and hardwoods; Xestobium rufovillosum (deathwatch beetle) in hardwoods and softwoods, mainly in oak wood; Lyctus brunneus (powderpost bee
33、tle) in the starch containing sapwood of hardwoods; PD CEN/TR 15003:2012CEN/TR 15003:2012 (E) 6 Hesperophanes cinnereus in the sapwood of hardwoods (occurs only in Mediterranean countries). 3.2 Dry rot fungus The dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans = true dry rot fungus) occurs in buildings, causing b
34、rown rot in timber. The fungus can develop at relatively low wood moisture contents and is able to penetrate damp masonry over long distances in order to infect further timber or to develop its fruit-bodies. Typical is its capability to survive in a so-called dormant stage where it is not active but
35、 still alive. Serpula lacrymans is very sensitive to changes in environmental conditions and can be eradicated effectively by hot air treatment. 4 Performance requirements for curative hot air treatment 4.1 General Experience indicates that the application of heat to a particular temperature for a p
36、articular period of time under particular environment conditions, can successfully kill wood attacking organisms. This includes the various stages of beetles inside wood, that is eggs, larvae, pupae and imagos, and the hyphae of the dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans) inside wood or masonry. NOTE In
37、principle any form of increased temperature can be used, providing it meets the minimum requirements given in 4.3 and 4.4. However, in practice, due to technical reasons, it is not currently possible to apply high temperature sources, such as micro waves, to large components and especially not to ma
38、sonry, to reach a sufficient dose of heat (temperature x time) within reasonable time by these techniques. Therefore, generally only hot air will be suitable to provide the temperatures required in the infested material. Structural timber will generally require treatment in situ. This will generally
39、 include masonry in the case of eradication of an attack by the dry rot fungus. Suitable precautions are necessary to keep the heat close to the infested timber or masonry respectively. If necessary the components shall be covered by suitable materials, such as tents or similar equipment. In the cas
40、e of the dry rot fungus provisions shall be made as to transfer the heat to the attacked building constructions as a whole which means from all sides, to confirm that the required temperature will be met and kept evenly in the entire construction. For small components or objects of non-structural ti
41、mber it can be more appropriate to transport them to special treating chambers, containers etc. 4.2 Health and safety considerations Hot air treatment carries with it significant risks of damage for example to animals and human beings, of heat sensitive materials or indeed ignition of vulnerable mat
42、erials and structures. There is normally no risk of ignition of materials by the heat itself. Local fire authorities shall be consulted before setting up heat units. NOTE It may be necessary to notify the insurers of the building to be treated and agree procedures with them as well as with the Fire
43、Brigade. The risk of damage depends upon the nature of the building, structure or commodity to be treated, the method of applying the hot air, the duration of the heating period and the specific material or materials associated with, or the target of the treatment. To avoid damaging buildings and ot
44、her building elements, a measuring and data collection system shall be employed which responds to the temperature and relative humidity control devices. Contractors, specifiers, users and clients shall take all necessary measures to obtain the appropriate assurances that precautions to protect again
45、st risks have been taken and are appropriate to protect their respective interests. All relevant specific national regulations shall be followed. PD CEN/TR 15003:2012CEN/TR 15003:2012 (E) 7 Before applying curative hot air treatment in the surroundings of infested timber, it is necessary to check wh
46、ether there are any animals including birds eggs in the surroundings, which either shall be removed or the treatment shall be postponed until the animals have gone before proceeding. This refers especially to protected animals (e.g. bats). Where heat source combustion gases are used directly to heat
47、 the structure, care shall be taken to ensure that toxic gases or oxygen depletion are not a problem. When operators enter a heated building the effects of the hot air on them shall be considered. Personnel can need insulated protection when entering the heated zones. Operators entering a heated zon
48、e shall be monitored by others who shall be able to evacuate an incapacitated individual if necessary. 4.3 Application against beetles The minimum temperature requirement for eradication of beetle infestation is 55 C for not less than 60 min in the centre of each timber component. After completion o
49、f hot air treatment no ventilation shall be provided but only normal cooling down according to the natural surrounding conditions. Hot air treatment provides no residual preventive effect. If a preventive effect is required, additional measures shall be used.NOTE 1 Experience from practice has shown that timber of an age of more than 60 years which has been treated with hot air will normally not become attacked again by Hylotrupes bajulus. This observation is not valid for Anobiidae (Anobium and Xestobium). NOTE 2 Prevention against new infesta
