1、BSI Standards PublicationPD CEN/TR 15339-4:2014Thermal spraying Safetyrequirements for thermalspraying equipmentPart 4: Gas and liquid fuel supplyPD CEN/TR 15339-4:2014 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR15339-4:2014.The UK participation in i
2、ts preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee STI/40, Thermal spraying and thermally sprayed coatings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users ar
3、e responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 78898 7ICS 25.220.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of theS
4、tandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedPD CEN/TR 15339-4:2014TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 15339-4 December 2014 ICS 25.220.20 English Version Thermal spraying - Safety requirements for thermal s
5、praying equipment - Part 4: Gas and liquid fuel supply Projection thermique - Exigences de scurit relatives au matriel de projection thermique - Partie 4: Alimentation en gaz et en combustible liquide Thermisches Spritzen - Sicherheitsanforderungen fr Einrichtungen fr das thermische Spritzen - Teil
6、4: Gas- und Flssigbrennstoffversorgung This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 16 September 2014. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 240. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
7、Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION CO
8、MIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 15339-4:2014 EPD CEN/TR 15339-4:2014CEN/TR 15339-
9、4:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Function of thermal spraying equipment 4 3.1 General 4 3.2 Gases for thermal spraying 5 3.3 Safety related features of gas, liquid fuel, and cooling water supply 6 4 Potential hazards .6 5 Safety requirements Protection measu
10、res 7 5.1 General requirements and measures 7 5.2 Safety requirements and protection measures for gas storage .7 5.3 Safety requirements and protection measures for high pressure gas supply .7 5.4 Safety requirements and protection measures for liquid fuel supply 8 5.5 Safety requirements and protec
11、tion measures for cooling media supply 8 5.6 Gas detection .8 5.7 Measures in the case of a gas leakage 9 5.8 Leak test Pressure test 9 5.9 Finishing the installation - Inspections .9 6 Requirements for manufacture, supply, operation and maintenance 9 6.1 Requirements for the manufacturer.9 6.2 Requ
12、irements for the integrator .9 6.3 Requirements for the user . 10 6.4 Requirements for the gas supplier . 10 7 National rules 10 Annex A (informative) Schematic representations of equipment for supply of gas and liquid fuel 11 Bibliography . 14 PD CEN/TR 15339-4:2014CEN/TR 15339-4:2014 (E) 3 Forewor
13、d This document (CEN/TR 15339-4:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 240 “Thermal spraying and thermally sprayed coatings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.
14、CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. CEN/TR 15339, Thermal spraying - Safety requirements for thermal spraying equipment is composed of the following parts: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Gas control units (published as a European Stan
15、dard) Part 3: Torches for thermal spraying and their connection and supply units Part 4: Gas and liquid fuel supply Part 5: Powder and wire feed units Part 6: Spray booth, Handling system, Dust collection, Exhaust system, Filter PD CEN/TR 15339-4:2014CEN/TR 15339-4:2014 (E) 4 1 Scope This Technical
16、Report specifies safety requirements of equipment for thermal spraying, in this case of gas supply including supply of liquid fuels. It deals with safety requirements for storage and the high pressure piping system from storage to the gas control unit or pressure regulator equipment. Safety requirem
17、ents for gas hoses, hose assembly and torches are presented in CEN/TR 15339-3. This document should be used in conjunction with CEN/TR 15339-1, which deals with general aspects of designing, manufacturing, and/or putting into service of machines or equipment and with the responsibility to issue the
18、CE Conformity Declaration. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced do
19、cument (including any amendments) applies. EN 657, Thermal spraying Terminology, classification EN 15339-2, Thermal spraying Safety requirements for thermal spraying equipment Part 2: Gas control units EN ISO 3821, Gas welding equipment Rubber hoses for welding, cutting and allied processes (ISO 382
20、1) CEN/TR 15339-1, Thermal spraying Safety requirements for thermal spraying equipment Part 1: General requirements CEN/TR 15339-3, Thermal spraying Safety requirements for thermal spraying equipment Part 3: Torches for thermal spraying and their connections and supply units CEN/TR 15339-6, Thermal
21、spraying Safety requirements for thermal spraying equipment Part 6: Spray booth, Handling system, Dust collection, Exhaust system, Filter 3 Function of thermal spraying equipment 3.1 General Thermal spraying processes are described and schematically represented in EN 657. Thermal spraying processes
22、as flame, plasma or HVOF (high velocity oxygen fuel) spraying use inert, flammable and oxidizing gases which possess a significant potential of danger. Oxygen is considered as a dangerous gas because hardly inflammable material will burn in the presence of a certain concentration of oxygen. Pressuri
23、sed air, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide (CO2) are applied for cooling the substrates surface or the part to be sprayed. Fuel gases and oxygen are used for fusing of sprayed coatings made out of self fluxing alloys. For such applications, an appropriate and safe supply shall be ensured by gases from man
24、ifold cylinder banks, cryogenic gas tanks or public piping systems (natural gas). The installation of the gas delivery system, taken in conjunction with control measures, such as gas detection flow rates, and interlocking of the thermal spray equipment, forms a crucial part of the HAC. The respectiv
25、e class shall be considered. For details, see CEN/TR 15339-1 and CEN/TR 15339-6. PD CEN/TR 15339-4:2014CEN/TR 15339-4:2014 (E) 5 3.2 Gases for thermal spraying Table 1 Gases for thermal spraying Thermal spraying process Gases and mixtures used - Remarks Flame spraying acetylene (C2H2) propane (C3H8)
26、apropylene (C3H6) hydrogen (H2) oxygen (O2) air carbon dioxide (CO2)cHigh Velocity Oxygen Fuel spraying (HVOF) acetylene (C2H2) ethene (C2H4) propane (C3H8)aCNG (natural gas)bhydrogen (H2) oxygen (O2) nitrogen (N2) air carbon dioxide (CO2)cCold spraying helium (He) nitrogen (N2) and their mixtures a
27、ir Detonation spraying acetylene (C2H2) propylene (C3H6) oxygen (O2) nitrogen (N2) air carbon dioxide (CO2)cArc spraying argon (Ar) nitrogen (N2) argon or nitrogen mixtures air carbon dioxide (CO2)cPlasma spraying argon (Ar) helium (He) hydrogen (H2) nitrogen (N2) and their mixtures air carbon dioxi
28、de (CO2)cLaser spraying, Laser cladding helium (He) nitrogen (N2) argon (Ar) PD CEN/TR 15339-4:2014CEN/TR 15339-4:2014 (E) 6 Thermal spraying process Gases and mixtures used - Remarks and their mixtures air carbon dioxide (CO2)caPropane is applied as a liquid gas containing =95 % C3H8and remnants or
29、 traces of butane (C4H10), ethane (C2H6), ethene (C2H4) or butane-isomers bCNG (natural gas) contains mainly methane (CH4), however its content varies between 80 and more than 95 %. Further constituents are inert gases, ethane, propane, butane, pentane (C5H12). The PCI (BTU) can be kept constantly a
30、djusted by the N2content. cCO2can be applied beside of pressurized air or nitrogen for cooling the substrate or the coating itself. 3.3 Safety related features of gas, liquid fuel, and cooling water supply Storage of burnable and inflammable gases. Storage of liquid fuels. Supply of high pressure ga
31、ses in the high pressure gas supply system ( 20 bar) running from the storage to the spraying equipment, e.g. to the gas control cabinet (for details, see EN 15339-2) or to the stop and control fitting of the torch hose (for details, see CEN/TR 15339-3). Supply of liquid fuel from the storage to the
32、 control cabinet (for details, see EN 15339-2). Supply of oxygen or air for acceleration the combustion of the spray jet. Storage, supply and distribution of cooling media for thermal spraying. 4 Potential hazards For a safe operation and supply of gaseous and liquid fuels, the following hazards sha
33、ll be considered for normal operation or foreseeable abnormal circumstances. Risk of fire or explosion: if leakage occurs on the connections in the piping system; if the distance between gas cylinders or bundles of different gases is not appropriate; if leakages are produced when changing the connec
34、tions. Risk of over-heating or damage by impairment of ice, snow, direct sunlight to the gas supply. Release of gases or liquids under high pressure. Impairment of the environment by gases and/or liquids. Risk of anoxia in the spray cabin by release of inert gases (e.g. Ar) or CO2, if the ventilatio
35、n is not working, or if the operator enters the cabin before sufficient venting occurred (refer to 5.7) Risk and increase of fire by release of oxygen. Risk of flashback, if the stop valve or the gas pressure reducing fitting does not operate sufficiently. PD CEN/TR 15339-4:2014CEN/TR 15339-4:2014 (
36、E) 7 5 Safety requirements Protection measures 5.1 General requirements and measures Specific safety conditions and protective measures are required by European, national or local regulations. These requirements shall be fulfilled predominantly. The following equipment is covered by this Technical R
37、eport. Gas cylinders, manifold cylinder bundles and cryogenic gas tanks, storage receptacle for liquid fuel, piping systems for gases, liquid fuel and cooling media. Appropriate devices and equipment to fulfil the requirements are: gas stop valves; gas pressure regulator; shutt-off valve; gas pressu
38、re control; pressure reducing valves; pipes for the connection of the gas cylinders from the storage receptacle to the control cabinet, or within the control cabinet; fittings, connecting parts; pressure gauges; flashback arresters; non-return valves. 5.2 Safety requirements and protection measures
39、for gas storage Wherever possible, stores for cryogenic liquid gas tanks, bulk supply of gases and/or tanks for liquid fuels shall be located outside the work area, in purpose-built bays that can be locked. The storage area shall be well ventilated, kept clean and the cylinders shall be protected ag
40、ainst ice and snow and direct sunlight. Access shall be given for the delivery and removal of bundles or cylinders by lorries. Fuel gases and oxygen shall be stored separately, either by a distance or by a fire resistant wall. The limits of the permissible quantity of LPG, propane and acetylene stor
41、ed together shall be considered. Heating and/or gasification of the LPG piping may be necessary to avoid liquefaction of the LPG in the piping and/or feeding the spraying system. This phenomenon may appear at high pressures and low temperatures Annex A represents schematically layouts for gas and li
42、quid fuel supply for several thermal spraying processes. 5.3 Safety requirements and protection measures for high pressure gas supply A fixed installation of this gas supply system (more than 20 bar gas pressure) shall be applied for thermal spraying using solid piping as far as possible. Hoses of s
43、uitable material and pressure range shall be used in order to reduce the risk of damages and leakage. A sufficient flow shall be available. PD CEN/TR 15339-4:2014CEN/TR 15339-4:2014 (E) 8 A solid piping shall be routed on the outside and inside of the building as far as possible and shall contain a
44、minimum number of connections. Any connections shall either be welded or brazed (for pipes made out of copper). Soft soldered joints or crimp connectors are not permitted. The piping shall be visible and accessible for inspection and maintenance purposes. Installation in ducts, roof spaces and enclo
45、sed spaces should be avoided. All pipes and hoses shall be suitably marked, indicating the type of gas and its direction of flow. To avoid the risk of fire or explosion, no organic materials such as oil or grease shall come into contact with oxygen. Flashback arresters and non-return valves shall be
46、 used to protect the piping and storage system against flashbacks. Gas stop valves, automatically or manually operated, pressure reducing valves and gas pressure control devices shall be applied on the cylinder, bundle, or tank. 5.4 Safety requirements and protection measures for liquid fuel supply
47、For systems based on liquid fuels, e.g. kerosene, the possibility of producing an explosive mixture exists although the flash point of kerosene is higher than the one of gaseous fuels such as acetylene or propane, but the flash point varies widely depending upon the specific product. An atomized ker
48、osene spray can explode in the presence of an ignition source. Usually, the fuel is fed via a pressurized line to the console. A leakage in this system can create an explosive atmosphere. Thus, the high-pressure side shall be equipped with an all-metal pipe or a metal reinforced rubber hose designed
49、 for the liquid fuel, its pressure and pressure peak load conditions, for example according to EN ISO 3821. The barrels should be placed on a collecting container according to national rules. The installation shall be leak tested. For details, see 5.8. 5.5 Safety requirements and protection measures for cooling media supply Cooling media are applied for cooling the part to be sprayed, the coating and the spray torches. Usually, pressurized air or water is applied for cooling the spray
