1、BSI Standards PublicationPD CEN/TR 16638:2014Non-destructive testing Penetrant and magneticparticle testing using blue lightPD CEN/TR 16638:2014 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR16638:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrust
2、ed to TechnicalCommittee WEE/46, Non-destructive testing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The Brit
3、ish Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 83137 9ICS 19.100Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February
4、 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedPD CEN/TR 16638:2014TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 16638 February 2014 ICS 19.100 English Version Non-destructive testing - Penetrant and magnetic particle testing using blue light Essais non destructifs - Essa
5、is par ressuage et essais par magntoscopie la lumire bleue Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Eindring- und Magnetpulverprfung unter Anwendung von blauem Licht This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 9 December 2013. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 138. CEN members are the national
6、 standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovaki
7、a, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means r
8、eserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 16638:2014 EPD CEN/TR 16638:2014CEN/TR 16638:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Safety precautions .5 5 General principles5 5.1 General 5 5.2 Penetrant testing: description of
9、 the sub-method .5 5.3 Magnetic particle testing .7 6 Equipment 8 6.1 Magnetic particle testing equipment .8 6.2 Penetrant testing equipment 8 6.3 Actinic blue light sources .9 6.4 Viewing equipment 9 6.5 Measurement equipment . 10 7 Test products 10 7.1 General . 10 7.2 Penetrant testing. 10 7.3 Ma
10、gnetic particle testing 11 8 Viewing conditions . 11 8.1 General . 11 8.2 Visual acuity 12 8.3 Viewing conditions . 12 9 Verification and calibration of instruments . 12 10 Qualification records 13 11 Test report . 13 Annex A (normative) Measurement of fluorescent coefficient 14 A.1 Apparatus 14 A.2
11、 Preparation of filter paper specimens, penetrant material test . 14 A.3 Method . 14 A.4 Calculation . 15 Bibliography . 16 PD CEN/TR 16638:2014CEN/TR 16638:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TR 16638:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing”, the secret
12、ariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. PD CEN/TR 16638:2014CEN/TR 16638:2014 (E) 4 1 Scope T
13、his Technical Report specifies the requirements for penetrant and magnetic particle testing, the materials and viewing conditions when using fluorescent detection media excited by actinic blue light. It is not intended that this “sub-method” technique is used as a substitute for the existing colour
14、contrast and fluorescent techniques standardised in the EN ISO 3452 series and EN ISO 9934 series. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited
15、applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1330-7:2005, Non-destructive testing - Terminology - Part 7: Terms used in magnetic particle testing CEN/TR 14748, Non-destructive testing - Methodology for qualification of non-dest
16、ructive tests EN ISO 3059, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing and magnetic particle testing - Viewing conditions (ISO 3059) EN ISO 3452-1:2013, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 1: General principles (ISO 3452-1:2013) EN ISO 3452-2:2013, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant
17、testing - Part 2: Testing of penetrant materials (ISO 3452-2:2013) EN ISO 3452-4, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 4: Equipment (ISO 3452-4) EN ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT personnel (ISO 9712) EN ISO 9934-1, Non-destructive testing - M
18、agnetic particle testing - Part 1: General principles (ISO 9934-1) EN ISO 9934-2, Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing - Part 2: Detection media (ISO 9934-2) EN ISO 9934-3, Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing - Part 3: Equipment (ISO 9934-3) EN ISO 12706:2009, Non-dest
19、ructive testing - Penetrant testing - Vocabulary (ISO 12706:2009) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12706:2009, EN 1330-7:2005 and the following apply. 3.1 actinic blue light monochromatic blue light in a specific range which excites
20、 fluorescent penetrants and fluorescent magnetic particles used for the purpose of non-destructive testing PD CEN/TR 16638:2014CEN/TR 16638:2014 (E) 5 4 Safety precautions Actinic blue light has the potential to rapidly cause injury to the retina. Precautions shall therefore be taken to avoid direct
21、 vision of sources and reflections. All relevant international, regional, national and local regulations including health and safety shall be taken into account. 5 General principles 5.1 General This sub-method of non-destructive testing comprises the use of fluorescent detection media with actinic
22、blue light for the purpose of detecting material imperfections. It is recommended that qualification of this sub-method is carried out in accordance with CEN/TR 14748. The actinic blue light sub-method may be suitable under specific conditions for example penetrant testing on materials that fluoresc
23、e under UV-A irradiation or for detection of defects where some ambient light is present. Implementation of the actinic blue light sub-method for magnetic particle testing may be particularly suitable where the combination of detection media, viewing conditions and test method have been shown to pro
24、vide good contrast and defect visibility. The fluorescent response of detection media for the actinic blue light sub-method shall not be assumed to be the same as for conventional UV techniques. To ensure adequate contrast and to eliminate actinic blue light reaching the inspectors eyes inspection s
25、hall be carried out using suitable yellow or amber filters. For general inspection this is usually in the form of contrast glasses. WARNING It has been shown that fluorescent detection media not developed for the actinic blue light sub-method can show different behaviour in terms of sensitivity. The
26、refore sensitivity levels as determined using UV shall not be used and there will be a need to demonstrate, that the sensitivity for this sub-method is appropriate to the application. An advice is given in 5.2.3 and 5.2.4 for penetrant testing as well as in 5.3.3 for magnetic particle testing regard
27、ing tests to compare the flaw detecting capability with other methods or techniques using components containing natural defects, with known defect standards. Tests shall be qualified by an appropriate method, for example according to CEN/TR 14748. It shall also be demonstrated that for the applicati
28、on the actinic blue light does not damage the detecting media or the fluorescent stability. Tests shall be documented. 5.2 Penetrant testing: description of the sub-method 5.2.1 General requirements Penetrant testing within this sub-method is basically carried out as described in EN ISO 3452-1 but u
29、sing detection media specifically qualified for the application and actinic blue light for producing indications under the viewing conditions defined herein. It is important to carry out techniques, and implement any referenced standards, only to the extent covered by the qualification previously ca
30、rried out. PD CEN/TR 16638:2014CEN/TR 16638:2014 (E) 6 5.2.2 Process sequence The sequence of operations is generally as illustrated in EN ISO 3452-1:2013, Annex A. However, only penetrants qualified to this Technical Report shall be used. Testing proceeds through the following stages: a) preparatio
31、n and precleaning: see EN ISO 3452-1:2013, 8.2; b) application of penetrant: see EN ISO 3452-1:2013, 8.4; c) excess penetrant removal and drying: see EN ISO 3452-1:2013, 8.5 except: 1) use blue light of a minimum of 3 W/m2with no more than 150 lx ambient light at the surface of the part, when the bl
32、ue source is off; blue fluorescent tubes or domestic architectural LEDs luminaries are convenient; 2) for the purpose of penetrant removal the blue light shall have a peak emission from 440 nm to 450 nm and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of not more than 50 nm; d) application of developer: see
33、EN ISO 3452-1:2013, 8.6; e) inspection: see EN ISO 3452-1:2013, 8.7 except 8.7.1 and 1) light sources shall be in accordance with 6.3; 2) viewing equipment shall be in accordance with 6.4; 3) viewing conditions shall be in accordance with 8.1; 4) for recording, if a camera is used, a filter similar
34、to that described in 6.4.1 is needed; f) postcleaning and protection: see EN ISO 3452-1:2013, 8.8; g) retesting: see EN ISO 3452-1:2013, 8.9. 5.2.3 Effectiveness The effectiveness of penetrant testing depends upon many factors including: a) the types of penetrant materials; b) the testing equipment;
35、 c) surface preparation, condition and temperature; d) the material under examination e) expected discontinuities; f) penetration and development time; g) viewing conditions. A substantiation test shall be carried out to demonstrate that the correct parameters are used. PD CEN/TR 16638:2014CEN/TR 16
36、638:2014 (E) 7 Effectiveness can be best demonstrated using known defect standards containing defects or artificial defects of various sizes (e.g. EN ISO 3452-3, type 2) comparing the results obtained using the conventional UV method with the results of this blue light sub-method (see Figure 1). Oth
37、er test panels (e.g. EN ISO 3452-3, type 1) may be adequate for use, but may provide less information. a) UV-A b) actinic blue light Figure 1 UV-A vs. actinic blue light showing acceptable results 5.2.4 Sensitivity Sensitivity levels shall be specifically defined for this sub-method. Sensitivity lev
38、els defined using UV-A light in EN ISO 3452-2 do not apply. The fluorescence of the detection media will have an effect on sensitivity. The fluorescent coefficient can be measured in cd/W and, if appropriate, compared with the fluorescent coefficient using UV radiation to obtain a fluorescent factor
39、. This is of particular relevance when considering viewing conditions (see Clause 8). Known defect standards containing defects or artificial defects of various sizes (e.g. EN ISO 3452-3, type 2) can be used to monitor the relative sensitivity of different penetrants and to compare the behaviour of
40、a penetrant when using UV-A and actinic blue light. The contrast ratio will have an effect on sensitivity and shall be considered. 5.3 Magnetic particle testing 5.3.1 General requirement Magnetic particle testing within this sub-method is basically carried out as described in EN ISO 9934-1 but using
41、 detection media specifically qualified for the application and actinic blue light for producing indications PD CEN/TR 16638:2014CEN/TR 16638:2014 (E) 8 under the viewing conditions defined herein. It is important to carry out techniques, and implement any referenced standards, only to the extent co
42、vered by the qualification previously carried out. 5.3.2 Process sequence The sequence of operations is generally as in EN ISO 9934-1. However, only detection media qualified to this Technical Report shall be used. Testing proceeds through the following stages: a) preparation and precleaning: see EN
43、 ISO 9934-1; b) magnetising and applying detection media, see EN ISO 9934-1; c) inspection: 1) light sources shall be in accordance with 6.3; 2) viewing equipment shall be in accordance with 6.4; 3) viewing conditions shall be in accordance with 8.1; 4) for recording, if a camera is used, a filter s
44、imilar to that described in 6.4.1 is needed. d) demagnetisation, post cleaning and protection: see EN ISO 9934-1. 5.3.3 Effectiveness Before testing begins, an overall performance test is recommended to reveal discrepancies in either the procedure, the magnetisation technique or the detection media.
45、 The most reliable test is to inspect a representative part containing natural or artificial discontinuities of a known type, location, size and size distribution. Test parts shall be demagnetised and free from indications resulting from previous tests. In the absence of actual production parts with
46、 known discontinuities, fabricated test pieces with artificial discontinuities, e.g. flux shunting indicators of the cross- or shim-type may be used. 5.3.4 Detection media Fluorescent magnetic detection media shall be used with actinic blue light, because they fluoresce generally green, yellow orang
47、e or red. Colour contrast detection media shall not be used. The detection media shall be in accordance with 7.3. 6 Equipment 6.1 Magnetic particle testing equipment Equipment shall be in accordance with EN ISO 9934-3 except for the equipment mentioned in 6.3 to 6.5. 6.2 Penetrant testing equipment
48、Equipment shall be in accordance with EN ISO 3452-4 except for the equipment mentioned in 6.3 to 6.5. PD CEN/TR 16638:2014CEN/TR 16638:2014 (E) 9 6.3 Actinic blue light sources The actinic blue light shall meet the following requirements: a) peak wavelength: (440 5) nm; b) full width at half maximum
49、 30 nm; c) the output at less than or equal to 400 nm and greater than or equal to 480 nm shall be less than 1 % of the maximum output. An example of a suitable spectral output distribution is given in Figure 2. Key Y relative output X - wavelength Figure 2 Example of a suitable spectral output distribution 6.4 Viewing equipment 6.4.1 General For inspection or recording purposes filters shall be used to remove actinic blue light used for excitation and shall not significantly impair the visibility of indications. 6.4.2 Yellow filters Yellow filters as defined below m
