1、Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Guidance on the use of ecotoxicity tests applied to construction productsPD CEN/TR 17105:2017Incorporating corrigendum October 2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06TECHNICAL REPORT
2、 RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 17105 June 2017 ICS 91.100.01 English Version Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Guidance on the use of ecotoxicity tests applied to construction products Produits de construction - Evaluation de lmission de substance
3、s dangereuses Prconisations concernant lutilisation des essais visant valuer lcotoxicit desproduits de construction Bauprodukte - Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefhrlichen Stoffen - Leitfaden fr die Anwendung von kotoxikologischen Untersuchungen auf BauprodukteThis Technical Report was approved by C
4、EN on 14 May 2017. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 351. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ir
5、eland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Mana
6、gement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 17105:2017 ENational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 17105:2017.BSI, as a member of CEN, i
7、s obliged to publish CEN/TR 17105:2017. However, attention is drawn to the fact that during development of this Technical Report, the UK committee voted against its approval.The UK, in common with Austria, Denmark, Finland, France and the Netherlands voted against this Technical Report (TR) at draft
8、 stage, however it attracted sufficient support from other national standards bodies to gain acceptance and publication. The UK committee is of the opinion that the scope of this TR is not in line with the original mandate for the work. The scope of CEN/TR 17105 gives the impression that the TR is a
9、pplicable to any construction product with a harmonised European Standard falling within the scope of CEN/TC 351, where this was never the intention. The UK committee also advises that the tests are only for use when other methods of assessment (based on leaching, emissions or content) are not viabl
10、e and also that products excluded from the scope of the leaching tests adopted by CEN/TC 351 are not to be tested using these ecotoxicity tests.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/557, Construction products - Assessment of dangerous substances.A list of org
11、anizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2
12、017ISBN 978 0 580 51921 5ICS 91.100.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text
13、affected31 October 2017 Missing text in national foreword addedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN/TR 17105:2017TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 17105 June 2017 ICS 91.100.01 English Version Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Guidance on the use
14、 of ecotoxicity tests applied to construction products Produits de construction - Evaluation de lmission de substances dangereuses Prconisations concernant lutilisation des essais visant valuer lcotoxicit desproduits de construction Bauprodukte - Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefhrlichen Stoffen - L
15、eitfaden fr die Anwendung von kotoxikologischen Untersuchungen auf BauprodukteThis Technical Report was approved by CEN on 14 May 2017. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 351. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Repu
16、blic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
17、EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 17105:20
18、17 EPD CEN/TR 17105:2017CEN/TR 17105:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction 5 1 Scope 6 2 Terms and definitions . 6 3 General information on ecotoxicity assessment 8 3.1 Basic approaches for ecotoxicity estimation 8 3.2 Principles for ecotoxicity testing . 8 3.3 Information on t
19、he biological test battery . 9 4 Sampling and transport of construction products . 10 5 Leaching procedures for ecotoxicological testing 10 5.1 Suitable leaching tests and selection of fractions from leaching tests . 10 5.1.1 General . 10 5.1.2 Dynamic Surface Leaching Test (DSLT) CEN/TS 16637-2 . 1
20、0 5.1.3 Horizontal up-flow percolation test (CEN/TS 16637-3) 11 5.1.4 Further leaching tests . 11 5.2 Sampling, transport and storage of eluates 11 5.3 Pre-treatment of eluates 12 6 Aquatic ecotoxicological testing . 12 6.1 Purpose of aquatic ecotoxicity testing 12 6.2 Selection of ecotoxicity tests
21、 and minimum test battery . 13 6.3 Testing strategy and conditions . 13 6.3.1 General . 13 6.3.2 Consideration of additional blank samples 14 6.3.3 pH adjustment . 14 6.3.4 Test concentrations . 14 6.3.5 Colour and turbidity 14 6.3.6 Unstable substances 15 6.4 Limitations of aquatic ecotoxicity test
22、s . 15 7 Assessment of biodegradability 15 8 Terrestrial ecotoxicological testing 15 8.1 Purpose of terrestrial ecotoxicity testing 15 8.2 Pre-treatment of construction products for terrestrial tests 16 8.3 Selection of ecotoxicity tests and minimum test battery . 17 8.4 Test report and quality assu
23、rance procedure . 17 Annex A (informative) CEN/TC 351 workshop on Ecotoxicity, biodegradability and construction products on 10 April 2014 in Brussels Conclusions and recommendations 19 Annex B (informative) Interface with information derived from REACH . 21 Annex C (informative) Information on regu
24、lations and guidelines with relevance for ecotoxicological assessment of construction works with implications on construction products 22 PD CEN/TR 17105:2017CEN/TR 17105:2017 (E) 3 Annex D (informative) Results from a European round robin test “Ecotoxicological characterisation of eluates from cons
25、truction products” 24 Annex E (informative) Evaluation of test results . 27 E.1 Aquatic tests . 27 E.2 Terrestrial tests . 28 E.3 Example: LID approach in German regulation . 28 Bibliography . 29 PD CEN/TR 17105:2017CEN/TR 17105:2017 (E) 4 European foreword This document (CEN/TR 17105:2017) has been
26、 prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 351 “Construction Products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held re
27、sponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This Technical Report gives guidance for the combination of the recommended horizontal leaching tests harmonized b
28、y CEN/TC 351 with existing biological test methods for the assessment of ecotoxicological properties of eluates of construction products. Guidance regarding biological tests for the effects of construction products on soil organisms is also included. This document takes into account relevant informa
29、tion that had become available by March 2016. This document is intended as easy-to-use guidance especially for the Group of Notified Bodies, test laboratories and EOTA. Technical committees for construction products (product TCs) are expected to benefit from the information given in the report, if t
30、hey have been mandated to address ecotoxicity in their product standards or if they are interested to include ecotoxicity in a dossier prepared in the context of qualifications for a “without testing” status. PD CEN/TR 17105:2017CEN/TR 17105:2017 (E) 5 Introduction Ecotoxicological analysis of const
31、ruction products and their eluates and biodegradability of the organic substances in eluates belong to the essential characteristics covered by the basic requirement for construction works “hygiene, health and the environment” from Annex 1 of the Construction Products Regulation 1. Under the Europea
32、n Commissions mandate M/366 (see mandate database at http:/ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/mandates) and according to the Indicative List (see https:/www.nen.nl/ under search term CEN/TC 351) which specifies the mandated parameters, CEN/TC 351 has been assigned to deal with these essential chara
33、cteristics. Now that the mandated leaching tests from CEN/TC 351 (CEN/TS 16637-2, CEN/TS 16637-3) 2, 3 are available and also work on the methods for the chemical analysis of eluates has progressed, CEN/TC 351 has included a Technical Report on ecotoxicity / biodegradability in its active programme
34、of work. The background for the decision to cover this topic was presented in an open expert workshop in Brussels in April 2014. The conclusions and recommendations of the workshop are presented in Annex A. The regulatory background for the work is explained in Annex B and information on its possibl
35、e interface with data generated under the REACH Regulation is given in Annex C. In the context of harmonized specifications for construction products currently only Germany requests performance data on ecotoxicity/biodegradability in certain cases, i.e. when and where a chemical analysis and assessm
36、ent of the eluates of construction products is considered to be too onerous or not possible due to the lack of analytical methods/data. Examples of products addressed are fire protective products and fire stopping and fire sealing products depending on their ingredients. Ecotoxicity assessment is co
37、nsidered to be especially relevant for the building and for the demolition phase in the life cycle of construction works. These life cycle phases have been covered by the framework of the Construction Products Regulation since 2013. The majority of existing internationally harmonized ecotoxicity tes
38、ts were developed firstly to assess the ecotoxic potential of chemicals, waste water or contaminated soils. More recently, these tests have been successfully applied to waste and waste eluates 4 to 7. These methods can be applied with some modifications for the ecotoxicological characterization of c
39、onstruction products and their eluates. Several studies as well as an international round robin test have been conducted to validate some test methods for construction product eluates and the results have been used as background information 8 to 13. The validation of the methods for construction pro
40、ducts is not yet complete. Further validation of the recommended test procedure is needed, if this TR is intended to be further developed into a CEN/TS or EN (to be decided later). PD CEN/TR 17105:2017CEN/TR 17105:2017 (E) 6 1 Scope This Technical Report gives information on existing methods to test
41、 ecotoxicity of construction products. Information is given on how to combine recommended leaching tests with biological tests for the aquatic environment and how to avoid possible problems, when performing biological tests. Also suitable terrestrial tests on granular construction products diluted w
42、ith artificial soil are proposed for a minimum test battery. Reference has been made as far as possible to existing International and European Standards and guidelines. The test procedure described in this Technical Report is technically suitable for all construction product eluates and for terrestr
43、ial tests on granular or paste-like construction products. However, from the point of view of test efficiency it is recommended mainly for products containing organics or polymers in case chemical analysis alone is not deemed to be sufficient. For inorganic products the chemical analysis is seen as
44、straightforward in construction product eluates and therefore the added value of data received through ecotoxicity tests is seen as limited. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 biodegradation mineralization of organic compounds by
45、 bacteria and fungi to carbon dioxide, water and inorganic compounds 2.2 control mixture of control medium and organisms used in the test without test sample 2.3 control medium combination of water and additives (e.g. nutrients, salts) used in the test 2.4 dilution level D reciprocal value of the vo
46、lume fraction of test sample in dilution water in which the test is conducted EXAMPLE 250 ml of test sample in a total volume of 1 000 ml (volume fraction of 25 %) represents dilution level D = 4. SOURCE: EN ISO 15088:2008 14, 3.2, modified - “waste water“ replaced by “test sample“ 2.5 dilution soil
47、 soil added to the test sample to prepare a series of defined dilutions Note 1 to entry: The origin and composition of the soil is specified in the specific test. PD CEN/TR 17105:2017CEN/TR 17105:2017 (E) 7 2.6 dilution water water added to the test sample to prepare a series of defined dilutions SO
48、URCE: EN ISO 20079:2006 15, 3.7 Note 1 to entry: The composition of the water is specified in the specific test. 2.7 effective concentration ECxconcentration of the test material in water or sediment that causes x % change in response during a specified time interval SOURCE: ISO/TS 20281:2006 16, 3.
49、8.1 2.8 eluate aqueous solution recovered from a leaching test SOURCE: CEN/TR 16110:2010 4, 3.2 2.9 leaching test laboratory test during which a construction product is put into contact with a leachant under strictly defined conditions for the determination of the release of substances into water 2.10 lowest ineffective dilution dilution factor LID lowest ineffective dilution tested, expressed as dilution level D (2.4), at which no inhibition, or only effects not exceeding the test-specific variability, are observe
