1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationSynthetic sport systems Leaching testPD CEN/TS 16384:2012National forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TS 16384:2012. The UK participation in its prepa
2、ration was entrusted to Technical CommitteePRI/57, Surfaces for sports areas.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct
3、application. The British Standards Institution 2012 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012 ISBN 978 0 580 77054 8 ICS 97.220.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strat
4、egy Committee on 31 August 2012.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN/TS 16384:2012TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 16384 August 2012 ICS 97.220.10 English Version Synthetic sport systems - Leaching test S
5、ystmes sportifs synthtiques - Essai de lixiviation Synthetische Sportsysteme - Auslaugungsprfung This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 17 June 2012 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the membe
6、rs of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level
7、in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cypr
8、us, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kin
9、gdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 16384:2012: EP
10、D CEN/TS 16384:2012CEN/TS 16384:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4Introduction .51 Scope 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions .64 Symbols and abbreviations 65 Principle 76 Apparatus and reagents 76.1 General 76.2 Tank .76.3 Watering system 76.4 Choice and quantity of tested materials 10
11、7 Procedure 107.1 Testing conditions 107.1.1 Frequency/duration of the spraying/non-spraying periods and the flow rate . 107.1.2 Experiment duration . 117.1.3 Kind of sprayed water as leachant 117.1.4 Taking and sampling of collected percolates 117.1.5 Temperature and humidity conditions and storage
12、 117.2 Preliminary tests . 118 Synthetic sport systems for outdoor with no permeability capabilities . 119 Performance characteristics . 1210 Report 1210.1 General . 1210.2 Sample preparation and testing facility . 1210.3 Production of leachate . 1210.4 Characterisation of leachates 1210.5 Presentat
13、ion of the test results . 13Annex A (normative) Test of component (e.g. granule) of a synthetic sport system for outdoor use 14A.1 Introduction . 14A.2 Indirect methods with percolation and wet-dry sequences . 14A.3 Indirect methods with percolation and without wet-dry sequences (column test) . 15A.
14、3.1 General . 15A.3.2 Principle . 15A.3.3 Apparatus and reagents . 15A.3.4 Procedure 16A.3.5 Test report . 20A.4 Indirect methods without percolation and without wet-dry sequences (one stage batch test) 21A.4.1 General . 21A.4.2 Procedure 21Annex B (informative) Construction specification for the te
15、sting apparatus 22B.1 General . 22B.2 Tank 22PD CEN/TS 16384:2012CEN/TS 16384:2012 (E) 3 B.3 Spaying feed 23B.4 Watering system 24B.5 Preparation of synthetic sport . 25B.6 Nozzle . 27Bibliography 28PD CEN/TS 16384:2012CEN/TS 16384:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 16384:2012) has been prepa
16、red by Technical Committee CEN/TC 217 “Sport surfaces”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pa
17、tent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Mace
18、donia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. PD CEN/TS 16384:2012CEN/TS 16384:2012 (E) 5 Introduction To respond t
19、o the needs of buyers, end users and installers of synthetic sport systems for outdoor as well as to respond to the needs of producers of granulate as system constituents, CEN/TC 217 Working Group “Environmental Aspects“ (WG 10) has worked on the following principles: Firstly, define a laboratory te
20、st designed to assess the release of substances in ground water from a complete “synthetic sport system for outdoor“. The method of this test is based on the principle of large-scale in-situ tests (lysimeters). This test uses a sample of a sport surface similar to the sample used for laboratory type
21、 tests and representative of the system that will be installed. Secondly, make it possible for integrators to assess specific leaching characteristics of relevant components and anticipate the results of the above laboratory test, specifying testing standards for a relative leaching assessment of sy
22、stems constituents of different origins or nature, for instance granules (see Annex A). NOTE This Technical Specification is based on the available knowledge and expertise. It is expected that it will be used in a harmonised way by the European Laboratories during the first three-years period and th
23、at this will result in an extended experience. Based on such experience, it is expected that the Technical Specification could be improved and transformed into an EN standard. This document includes one normative annex and one informative annex. Additional information will be found in a guidance doc
24、ument in preparation. PD CEN/TS 16384:2012CEN/TS 16384:2012 (E) 6 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies testing methods concerning the release from synthetic sport systems for outdoor of substances in ground water, surface water and drainage water by performing a dedicated leaching test on
25、a sample of a “synthetic sport“ system for outdoor. In addition, this Technical Specification provides tools for a relative leaching assessment of systems components (e.g. granules) of different origin or nature. This Technical Specification does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if
26、 any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively refer
27、enced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use specification and test me
28、thods (ISO 3696) EN ISO 5667-3, Water quality Sampling Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water samples (ISO 5667-3) EN 12506, Characterization of waste Analysis of eluates Determination of pH, As, Ba, Cd, Cl-, Co, Cr, Cr Vl, Cu, Mo, Ni, NO2-, Pb, total S, SO42-, V and Zn EN 13370,
29、 Characterization of waste Analysis of eluates Determination of Ammonium, AOX, conductivity, Hg, phenol index, TOC, easily liberatable CN-, F- EN 14877, Synthetic surfaces for outdoor sports areas Specification EN 15330-1, Surfaces for sports areas Synthetic turf and needle-punched surfaces primaril
30、y designed for outdoor use Part 1 : specification for synthetic turf 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following term and definition applies. 3.1 synthetic sport system system above groundwater level used as “synthetic sport“ and incorporating all the components needed b
31、etween the support layer and the atmosphere 4 Symbols and abbreviations None PD CEN/TS 16384:2012CEN/TS 16384:2012 (E) 7 5 Principle The principle of this test is to simulate the phenomena observed on outdoor synthetic sport systems. It ensures, in particular, a short contact time between the synthe
32、tic sport system and water, corresponding to the draining function of this surfaces. The spraying system is conventionally adjusted to alternate particularly dry and wet periods. Prior to the test performance, the sample may be submitted to standardised aging. Therefore in the testing report, it has
33、 to be noted if the sample was subjected to aging or not. If the sample was subjected to aging, the test used for the aging has to be mentioned as well. NOTE The sample is of the same type as the one used for mechanical test and ensures testing on significant quantities of tested materials (EN 15306
34、). 6 Apparatus and reagents 6.1 General This clause defines the apparatus and reagent to be used. This is mainly done in normative terms. Therefore the informative Annex B provides an example of apparatus that meet the requirements specified in this clause. 6.2 Tank The tank (see Figure 1) and the v
35、ertical supports that allow the adjustment of rods and guide rods of the watering ramp are made of stainless steel or polycarbonate. The materials and fabrication method has to be such that the result of the blank test fulfils the requirements specified in 7.2. The tank dimensions are as follows: L
36、= 800 mm (+/- 5 mm), W = 400 mm (+/- 5 mm), H = 150 mm and 160 mm (to slope the bottom a little) similar to the dimensions in EN 15306. A hole is drilled at the bottom point for the passage of the percolate drain pipe. 6.3 Watering system The watering system is aiming at wetting in an homogeneous wa
37、y the sample by means of a spraying system (see Figures 1 and 2) which consists of 8 full cone spraying nozzles attached to each of the guiding rods. These nozzles are selected and arranged so that a) the diameter of the spray on the sample surface has a diameter of 200 mm 250 mm in order to obtain
38、a complete coverage (see Figure 3). PD CEN/TS 16384:2012CEN/TS 16384:2012 (E) 8 Key 1 dosing pump 2 core tuning 3 watering ramp 4 adjustment height 5 water reserve tank 6 percolates recovery recipient 7 “artificial turf“ system 8 stainless steel grid 9 stainless steel tank (80 cm x 40 cm) Figure 1 F
39、unctional diagram - Longitudinal view (informative) PD CEN/TS 16384:2012CEN/TS 16384:2012 (E) 9 Figure 2 Functional diagram - Transverse view (informative) b) The spraying system is fed by a moving device (see Figure 1) either a dosing pump connected to a storage tank of water or a pressurised (with
40、 clean compressed air) storage tank of water. The water flow shall be maintained at the required flow 10 %. c) The required flow shall be achieved with a water pressure at the spray nozzle in the range 1,4 bar 1,6 bar, without visible haze. A cover may be used to minimise air draught and water carry
41、 over. d) The quality of this water shall be in accordance with the following specification: Distilled water, demineralised water, de-ionised water or water of equivalent purity with a conductivity 0,5 mS/m according to grade 3 specified in EN ISO 3696, and exhibiting a pH in a narrower range (6,5 p
42、H 7,5) than the range of grade 3 specified in EN ISO 3696. If needed a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide may be used to adapt the pH range. NOTE 1 This specification is defined as a convention relevant for the exposure of synthetic sport system. The experimental set up specified in this Technical
43、Specification allows a relevant selection of the leachant since it is continuously renewed and therefore exposing the sample to the same liquid quality during the whole test. In order to secure repeatable and comparable results a selection of leachant should be made. The above specification is used
44、in several CEN leaching standards with pH range (5 pH 7,5) which do not influence the leaching results under permanent and long lasting contact with the leachant. Such leaching tests are aiming at an equilibrium generally imposed by the sample. For synthetic sport systems a narrower pH range is need
45、ed (6,5 pH 7,5). The reason is that the pH is not influenced significantly during the short and intermittent contact with the leachant, due to the main function of the synthetic sport system securing a very fast water drainage. NOTE 2 An impact of the surface tension of the leachant has been reporte
46、d. It is therefore wise to determine and report this surface tension. The “synthetic sport“ system is laid on top of the stainless steel grid. This grid is designed in order to avoid immersion of the synthetic sport sample and to facilitate drainage. The selected spray nozzles shall have a maximum s
47、praying angle of 110 (full cone angle) and a minimum spraying angle of 40 (full cone angle). This corresponds to a minimum height between the spray nozzles and the sport surface. Qualification tests shall be carried out on the apparatus to verify that the spray pattern is homogeneous over the entire
48、 surface by checking the flow rate of each spray nozzle (e.g. by placing cups on the sport surface). PD CEN/TS 16384:2012CEN/TS 16384:2012 (E) 10 Figure 3 Functional diagram - Spraying surface (informative) A “blank test“ is to be performed without the synthetic sport system to verify that the impac
49、t of the apparatus on the percolates is significantly below the regular test results. 6.4 Choice and quantity of tested materials The tested system is representative for the system defined by the system supplier. It integrates all the components used on a “synthetic sport” system as specified by the system supplier. For example, for a synthetic sport system for outdoor and with performance infill, the elements to be considered are
