1、BSI Standards PublicationPD CEN/TS 16665:2014Standing ladder durability testspecificationPD CEN/TS 16665:2014 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TS 16665:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/512, L
2、adders.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI
3、 Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 83717 3ICS 97.145Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicat
4、ionDate T e x t a f f e c t e dPD CEN/TS 16665:2014TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 16665 May 2014 ICS 97.145 English Version Standing ladder durability test specification Mthode dessais de la durabilit des chelles Prfung der Dauerhaltbarkeit von Stehlei
5、tern This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 20 January 2014 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whethe
6、r the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force
7、 (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Fra
8、nce, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES K
9、OMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 16665:2014 EPD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introducti
10、on .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Durability test method .5 4.1 General 5 4.2 Principle 5 4.3 Apparatus .6 4.3.1 General 6 4.3.2 Thrust surface/pad.7 4.3.3 Rigid structure to secure the cylinders and pads position .8 4.3.4 Testing surface . 11 4.3.5 Elastic ropes/
11、tapes . 11 4.4 Test condition . 11 4.4.1 Ambient condition 11 4.5 Test requirements . 11 4.6 Test procedure 11 4.7 Test report . 12 PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 16665:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 93 “Ladders”, the secretariat of
12、which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national
13、standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lit
14、huania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 4 Introduction The use of a CEN Technical Specification has been agreed by CEN/TC 93 to enable further t
15、esting and validation of a standing ladder durability test and ultimately rapid incorporation into EN 131-2. PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies the method of the test for the standing ladder durability requirements evaluation. 2 Normative refer
16、ences The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. E
17、N 131-1:2007+A1:2011, Ladders - Part 1: Terms, types, functional sizes EN 10088-2:2005, Stainless steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and defin
18、itions given in EN 131-1:2007+A1:2011 and the following apply. 3.1 ladder collapse collapse that happens when the defined load value of (1500 50) N is not maintained by the thrust device 3.2 ladder rupture rupture that happens when the ladder breaks and this impairs the fitness for use of the ladder
19、 3.3 test step sequence of 10 000 cycles Note 1 to entry: see 4.5. 4 Durability test method 4.1 General This test is for standing ladders or combination ladders used as standing ladders. 4.2 Principle The standing ladder is placed in position of use on the testing surface with the 4 standing ladder
20、stiles constrained to a fixed part by elastic rope/tape to prevent excessive progressive movement of the standing ladder (see Figure 1). Two equal loads P1and P2are applied to the standing ladder by testing apparatus following a well defined load versus time law of cycles: one load is applied to the
21、 topmost rung/step/platform and the other one is applied to the rung/step in the middle of the ascending leg. PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 6 The load application shall continue until the defined load value is maintained by the thrust device or until to the collapse of standing ladder. T
22、he maximum number of cycles is registered. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 stainless steel P1and P2equal loads Figure 1 Scheme of principle of the test durability for standing ladder 4.3 Apparatus 4.3.1 General The load shall be provided by pneumatically or oleodynamic system. An equipment of contro
23、l and of check of the overall system shall be installed in order to ensure the requirements of 4.5 (see Figure 2). PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 7 Key 1 rigid testing surface 2 rigid uprights 3 rigid cross bar to join permanently the two uprights 4 1 rigid upper mobile cross bar to secur
24、e one cylinder 5 1 rigid lower mobile cross bar to secure one cylinder 6 2 cylinders 7 2 cylindrical pads as thrust surface 8 2 load cells 9 1 flat element of 20 mm of thickness 10 4 elastic ropes/tapes Figure 2 Example of apparatus that could be used to apply the load 4.3.2 Thrust surface/pad The t
25、wo loads shall be applied to the rung/step/platform by a cylindrical rubber pad as thrust surface. Pad dimension shall be the following: (60 5) mm of diameter and a height of (25 5) mm (see Figure 3). PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 8 Pad shore hardness shall be in the following range: (60
26、 5) SHA 4.3.3 Rigid structure to secure the cylinders and pads position The structure shall be so rigid in such manner to be capable to support the two cylinders so that during the test their central vertical axes are indeed vertical and so that it does not move. The structure shall permit to adjust
27、 the two cylinders position in x, y and z direction (see Figure 2) in order to meet the pads position respect to the stile both to the rung/step and platform as shown in Figures 3 and 4. PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 9 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 load direction and pad centreline 2 p
28、ad 3 standing ladder rung/step/platform 4 standing ladder stile 5 standing ladder rung/step 6 standing ladder centre line Figure 3 The initial position of the pad PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 10 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 flat step/rung 6 rounded rung 2 stile 7 pad in the middle of
29、 the rounded rung 3 pad 8 platform 4 pad tangent to the border of the flat rung/step 9 pad tangent to the border of the platform 5 axis of rounded rung 10 frontal part of the platform Figure 4 Position of the pad PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 11 4.3.4 Testing surface Stainless steel plat
30、e such as number 1.4301, type 2B (cold rolled ground) conforming to EN 10088-2:2005 shall be used as testing surface. The plates shall be cleaned before testing. 4.3.5 Elastic ropes/tapes The four elastic ropes/tapes shall be installed in order to maintain the ladder position during the test in an a
31、verage position respect to the initial position. The characteristics of the ropes/tapes shall not produce measurable changes in the constrains of simple support between the base of the uprights and the test surface. 4.4 Test condition 4.4.1 Ambient condition The ambient temperature shall be (20 5) C
32、 before testing and remain within this temperature range during the test. 4.5 Test requirements The load shall be applied to achieve the pattern of loading as shown in Figure 5. Key P1 P1cylinder P2 P2cylinder X time in seconds Y load in Newtons Figure 5 Test load sequence (cycles of loads applicati
33、on) The sum of first cycle P1 and the second cycle P2 constitutes the durability test cycle. 4.6 Test procedure The test procedure consists of the following steps: a) verify that no defects are present on the standing ladder; PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 12 b) place the standing ladder
34、in its position of use at its maximum extension with opening restraints engaged on the test surface with one of the rear feet positioned on the 20 mm thick flat raised element, in order to simulate an uneven surface (see Figure 1); c) determine the rung/step at the position located horizontally from
35、 the mid-point of the ascending leg. If no rung/step is suitably positioned then select the closest rung/step above this location; d) place one pad/cylinder (P2) on the rung/step determined in (c) so that its centreline is (70 5) mm from the inside face of the stile corresponding to the side of the
36、ladder where the rear foot is positioned on the 20 mm thick raised element. (see Figures 3 and 4); e) adjust the pad/cylinder so that its vertical distance to the rung/step surface is (5 2) mm (see Figures 3 and 4); f) place the second pad/cylinder (P1) on the top rung/step/platform so that its cent
37、reline is (70 5) mm from the inside face of the opposite stile to P2and adjust it so that the vertical distance from the pad/cylinder to the rung/step surface is (5 2) mm (see Figures 3 and 4); g) constrain each of the 4 ladder stiles to a fixed element (e.g.by elastic, rubber, rope, tape etc.) to p
38、revent excessive progressive movement of the ladder; h) verify that each pad/cylinder is separately capable of exerting the test load of (1 500 50) N; i) set the test step at 10 000 cycles; j) start the test as per the test load sequence described in 4.5; k) the load application shall continue until
39、: the defined load value of (1 500 50) N is not maintained by the thrust device (ladder collapse), or the rupture of the standing ladder, or 10 000 cycles has been reached without collapse or rupture of the standing ladder. The maximum number of cycles of the test step is registered; l) where no rup
40、ture or collapse of the standing ladder is noted set the next test step of an additional 10 000 cycles; m) repeat steps (j) to (l) up to a maximum of 50 000 completed cycles; n) the total cycles of the durability test is the sum of each cycle. 4.7 Test report The test report shall contain at least:
41、a) total cycles of the durability test; b) description of the mode failure if any: ladder collapse or ladder rupture; c) description of damaged elements if any, e.g. hinge joint, pivots/seats, element connections, opening restrain devices and their attachments, bearing elements, rung/step, platform;
42、 d) significant photos of the ladder after the durability test including damages if any; PD CEN/TS 16665:2014CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 13 e) photos of the apparatus used. This page deliberately left blankThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standard
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