1、ERC REPORT 24 7 European Radiocommunications Committee (ERC) within the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) -i .- x -.- EXAMINATION SYLLABI FOR 1ST CLASS AND 2ND CLASS RADIO- ELECTRONICS CERTIFICATES FOR THE GMDSS SYSTEM Nicosia, March 1994 Copyright 1994 the
2、European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) ERC REPORT 21 Page 1 EXAMINATION SYLLABI FOR 1ST CLASS AND 2ND CLASS RADIO-ELECTRONICS CERTIFICATES FOR THE GMDSS SYSTEM The start of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) in February 1992 has made it necess
3、ary to harmonise the examination requirements for certificates of maritime radio operators. Article 55 of the ITU Radio Regulations specifies the conditions governing the issue of GMDSS certificates for the personnel of ship stations and ship earth stations, and Article 56 also requires Administrati
4、ons to ensure that the personnel of ship stations and ship earth stations operating in accordance with the GMDSS are adequately qualified to enable efficient operation of the station. Provisions of the GMDSS, closely related to the Maritime Mobile Service and the Maritime Mobile-Satellite Service, a
5、re also given in IMO Conventions, notably the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). The International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watch keeping (STCW) also regulates the conditions for the issue of GMDSS certificates. The GMDSS is to be fully impl
6、emented by February 1999 for vessels subject to SOLAS. Hannonised examination procedures for the General Operators Certificate (GOC) and Restricted Operators Certificate (ROC) have already been introduced for maritime radio operators perfordng radiocommunication duties on board vessels subject to SO
7、LAS under ERC Recommendation 31-03. The syllabi contained in Recommendation 31-03 was created in close cooperation with IMO secretariat. The IMO Sub-Committee on Standards, Training and Watch keeping (STW) has agreed to consider, in its comprehensive review of the STCW Convention, whether the STCW R
8、egulations, instead of crms-referencing in Chapter IV to certificates issued in accordance with the Radio Regulations, should contain all the knowledge and training requirements for the issue of radio certificates rather than, as at present, only the additional safety requirements. The STW Sub-Commi
9、ttee has already agreed that the CEPT GOC and ROC examination syllabi should be broadened into international standards by using them as a basis for the development of GMDSS model training courses. The CEPT arrangements for issuing GMDSS certificates to holders of non-GMDSS certificates were also use
10、d as the basis of the IMO Assembly Resolution A.769(18) of November 1993. Several countries reported their preference to have a radio electronics certificate holder on board when sailing in sea areas A3/4 instead of using one of the additional alternatives of equipment duplication or shore based mai
11、ntenance. They felt that communications duties in A3/4 areas needed the skills of a radio-electronics certificate. Other countries noted the difficulties that had been experienced with trying to define standards for shore-based maintenance companies and that similar qualifications could be useful fo
12、r shore based maintenance personnel. The 39th meeting of the IMO Subcommittee on Radiocommunications had also called for repair and installation personnel to be better trained in order to reduce the excessive number of false alerts - many of which turn out to be associated with servicing and install
13、ation tests. The IMO Secretariat requested the work to be extended to examination syllabi for GMDSS Certificates to include the 1st and 2nd Class Radio-electronics Certificates in the hope that a generic family of syllabi could be produced in the CEPT format. The intention was that syllabi for all f
14、our GMDSS Certificates defined in the Radio Regulations would form the basis of IMO Model Courses and would be linked with the revision of the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watch keeping (STCW). This report describes the examination syllabi for the issue of 1st
15、 Class and 2nd Class Radieelectronics Certificates. Since these syllabi are of interest only to a small number of CEPT administrations, they are presented in the form of a report instead of a recommendation. The syllabus for Ist class Radio-electronics Certificate is in annex 1. The syllabus for 2nd
16、 class Radio-electronics Certificate is in annex 2. ERC REPORT U Page 3 ANNEX 1 EXAMINATION SYLLABUS FOR THE 1st CLASS RADIOELECTRONICS CERTIFICATE FOR THE MARITIME MOBILE SERVICE AND THE MARITIME MOBILE-SATELLITE SERVICE The examination should consist of theoretical and practical tests and should i
17、nclude at least: A. B. C. D. E. DETAILED KNOWLEDGE OF THE MARITIME MOBILE SERVICE AND THE MARITIME MOBI- LE-SATELLITE SERVICE Al. A2. The principles and features of the maritime mobile service The principles and features of the maritime mobilesatellite service DETAILED THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE AND ABIL
18、ITY TO USE THE BASIC EQUIPMENT OF A SHIP STATION B1. B2. B3. Digital Selective Calling SC) B4. B5. Principles of electricity and theory of radio and electronics relevant to GMDSS communications and ancillary equipment Use in practice the basic equipment of a ship station General principles of Narrow
19、 Band Direct Printing (NBDP) and Telex Over Radio (TOR) systems. Use maritime NBDP and TOR equipment in practice Usage of INMARSAT systems. Use INMARSAT equipment or simulator in practice OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES IN THE GMDSS AND DETAILED KNOWLEDGE OF THE OPERA- TION OF THE GMDSS AND SUBSYSTEMS CI. C2
20、. INMARSAT C3. C4. CS. C6. C7. Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) Marine Safety Information (MSI) and Navtex Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons (EPIRBs) Search and Rescue Radar Transponder (SART) Distress, urgency and safety communication procedures in the GMDSS Search and r
21、escue (SAR) operation GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF SHIP STATION RADIO NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT D1. D2. D3. Basic knowledge of navigational techniques General principles and functions of Radar systems General principles and functions of navigational aids PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE OF MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES AND ABILITY
22、TO MAINTAIN SHIP STATION EQUIPMENT IN SERVICE El. Practical knowledge necessary for carrying out preventive maintenance procedures on ship station communication and radionavigation equipment E2. Detailed practical knowledge necessary for locating faults in ship station communication and radionavigat
23、ion equipment E3. Detailed practical knowledge necessary for effecting repairs on ship station communication and radionavigation equipment FA. Preparation of technical records and reports concerning repair and maintenance of radio communication and radionavigation equipment ERC REPORT 24 Page 4 F. M
24、ISCELLANEOUS SKILLS AND OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES FOR GENERAL COMMUNICA- TIONS F1. Ability to use English language, both written and spoken, for the satisfactory exchange of F2. Obligatory procedures and practices F3. F4. Telephone systems F5. communications relevant to the safety of life at sea Practi
25、cal and theoretical knowledge of general communication procedures General awareness of Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) STD.CEPT ERC REPORT W-ENGL 1,994 m z3zwtvt 001,5193 310 I ERC REPORT 21 Page 5 EXAMINATION SYLLABUS GUIDELINES FOR THE 1st CLASS RADIOELECTRONICS CERTIFICATE A. DETAILED KNOWLE
26、DGE OF THE MARITIME MOBILE SERVICE AND THE MARITIME MOBI- LE-SATELLITE SERVICE Al. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 The principles and features of the maritime mobile service Types of communication in the maritime mobile service Distress, urgency and safety communications Public correspondence Port operations se
27、rvice Ship movement service Intership communication On-board wsmmunications Types of station in the maritime mobile service Ship stations Coast stations Pilot stations, port stations etc. Aircraft stations Maritime rescue coordination centre MRCC Detailed knowledge of frequencies and frequency bands
28、 The concept of frequency The equivalence between frequency and wavelength The unit of frequency: Hz, kHz, IvHz, GHz. The subdivision of the most significant part of the radio spectrum: MF, HF, VHF, UHF, SHF Characteristics of frequencies Different propagation mechanisms Free space Ground wave Ionos
29、pheric propagation Tropospheric propagation Abnormal propagation Propagation on MP frequencies Propagation on different HF frequency bands Propagation on VHF and UHP frequencies Communication theory Modulation Amplitude Modulation Frequency Modulation Frequency Shift Keying Pulse Modulation Comparis
30、on of modulation technique Effect of under or over modulation White Noise Nyquist (thermal) noise l/f noise Sources of Noise Stray pickup - Electromagnetic Compatibility Noise figure and noise temperature Continuous systems Discrete systems Noise Information content STD-CEPT ERC REPORT 24-ENGL 1994
31、2326414 0015194 257 ERC REPORT 24 Page 6 Radiocommunication link budget Transmission losses Channel capacity and bandwidth Signai- tc-noise criteria The concept of Radio Detection And Ranging Propagation and the Radar range equation Doppler radar Radar systems 1.6 The various modes of communication
32、DSC Radio telephony NBDP Facsimile Data Morse telegraphy (Knowledge of system only, no speed requirement) Classes of emission Carrier frequency and assigned frequency Bandwidth of different emissions Official designations of emission (e.g. FlB, J3E, ME, A1A etc.) Unofficial designations of emissions
33、 (e.g. TLX, SSB, AM, CW etc.) 1.7 Frequencies allocated to the maritime mobile service The usage of MF, HF, VHP, UHF and SHF frequencies in the maritime mobile service The concept of radio channel. Simplex, semi-duplex and duplex. Paired and unpaired frequencies Frequency plans and channelling syste
34、ms HF telephony (Relevant appendix of the Radio Regulations) VHP telephony (Relevant appendix of the Radio Regulations) HF NBDP (Relevant appendixes of the Radio Regulations) MP telephony and NBDP for Region 1 (Geneva 85 plan) GMDSS distress and safety frequencies Distress and safety frequencies of
35、the non-GMDSS system Calling frequencies A2. 2.1 Maritime satellite communications The principles and features of the maritime mobile-satellite service INMARSAT space segment Satellite orbits Up and down links Single and multiple access channelling Link budget Path loss and antenna gain Information
36、capacity Noise temperature Bit Error Rates (BER) Modes of communication Telex services Telephone services Data and facsimile communications Store and forward operation Distress communications INMARSAT-A communications services INMARSAT-C communications services INMARSAT Enhanced Group Call (EGC) sys
37、tem INMARSAT-B communications services INMARSAT-M communications services sTD.CEPT ERC REPORT 24-ENGL 1994 = 2326434 OOL5Lq5 393 m ERC REPORT 24 Page 7 2.2 Types of station in the maritime mobile satellite service Coast Earth Stations (CES) Network Co-ordination Station (NCS) Ship Earth Stations (SE
38、S) B. DETAILED THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE AND ABILITY TO USE THE BASIC EQUIPMENT OF A SHIP STATION (FOR TRAINING, ACTUAL EQUIPMENT IS PREFERABLE) B1. Principles of electricity and theory of radio and electronics relevant to GMDSS communications and ancillary equipment 1.1 Detailed knowledge of electricit
39、y and magnetism Electro-motive force (emf): primary and secondary cells Electrostatics and the origin of capacitance Magnetic materials and permanent magnets Electromagnetism and electromagnets Interaction of magnetic fields Electromagnetic induction and origin of inductance Magnetic field produced
40、by a current: Amperes Law Induced emf: Faradays Law Self inductance and mutual inductance and relationship to the transformer principle: Lenzs Law Basic electrical components: resistors, capacitors, inductors and transformers Rotating electrical machines: motors and generators 1.2 Electrical circuit
41、 analysis Sinusoidal waveforms Frequency, amplitude and phase Peak, RMS, and average values Power factor Complex waveforms Analysis theorems for direct and alternating current circuits Kirchoffs Law Maximum power transfer Principle of superposition Series and parallel networks Potentiometer and brid
42、ge circuits Reactance and impedance Decibels Transient currents and responses Inductive and capacitive time constants Square wave response and ringing RC and RL networks Differentiating and integrating circuits LCR resonant circuits Quartz crystal resonance Series resonant circuits (acceptor) Parall
43、el resonant circuits (rejector) Resonance curves and selectivity Magnification Q Factor Bandwidth and Y, power points Dynamic resistance JfC Ratio Tuned circuits Coupled circuits Filters LCR lumped component filters Crystal and ceramic filters Surface acoustic wave filters (SAW STD-CEPT ERC REPORT 2
44、4-ENGL 1994 I 2326414 001519b 02“ ERC REPORT 24 Page 8 Transformers and transformer ratio Screening Balanced and unbalanced circuits 1.3 Semiconductor devices and thermionic valves Thermionic, photo-electric and secondary emission Conduction in semiconducting materials Energy bands Electrons and hol
45、es Electro-optical effects Semiconductor diodes Junction and field effect transistors Other semiconductor devices, including tunnel diodes, Zener diodes, varkap diode, silicon controlled rectifiers, photo-electric cells and light emitting diodes (LEDs) Characteristics, functions and usage of standar
46、d semiconductor devices Semiconductor integrated circuit technology Characteristics, functions and usage of standard thermionic valves Thermionic diodes Thermionic triodes, beam tetrodes, pentodes and other multi-grid valves Voltage regulator tubes Cathode ray tubes i .4 Analogue electronics Voltage
47、 amplifiers Cascading Low frequency gain High frequency gain Decoupling Feedback Amplifiers Negative feedback Voltage feedback Current feedback Gain, bandwidth and distortion Stability Power amplifiers Classes of operation Efficiency Tuned couplings Neutralisation Operational amplifiers Operational
48、feedback Simple mathematical operations Analogue computers Measurement and control Cascode amplifiers DC amplifiers Differential amplifiers Chopper amplifier Lock-in amplifier Series regulator Practical circuits Coupling Tuned amplifiers Special purpose amplifiers Voltage regulators ERC REPORT 24 Pa
49、ge 9 Servo amplifiers and control circuits Feedback mechanisms Stability and system response Opedclosed loop gain and response Step, ramp, exponential and steady inputs Inertia: transport and transfer lags Oscillators Positive feedback RC Oscillators: phase shift and Wien-bridge Resonant circuit oscillators: LC and crystal Relaxation oscillators: sawtooth and blocking Voltage controlled oscillators (VCO) Frequency stability and control Converters and inverters Regenerative and super-regenerative detectors Multivibrators and triggers Pulse Circuits Astable, bistable and monostable m
