1、METHODS OF TESTING METHODES DESSAI POUR GEOTEXTILES AND GEOTEXTILES ET GEOMEMBRANES C6OMEMBRANES MASS PER UNIT AREA MASSE SURFACIQUE r Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-
2、 - CGSB CAN/CGSB-i48 *.L*N0.2-M85 * 1874654 0034899 Ob5 CAN/CGSB-148.1 NoJNO 2-M85 NATIONAL NORME STANDARD NATIONALE OFCANADA DUCANADA . METHODS OF TESTING MAETHODES DESSAI POUR GEOTEXTILES AND GeOTEXTILES ET GEOMEMBRANES GEOMEMBRANES MASS PER UNIT AREA MASSE SURFACIQUE Prepared bylPrpare par Canadi
3、an General Standards Board lOffice des normes gnrales du Canada 00- Published December 1985 by the Canadian General Standards Board Approved bylApprouve par le Standards Council of Canada Conseil canadien des normes Publie, dcembre 1985, par lOffice des normes gnrales du Canada OMinistre des Approvi
4、sionnements et Services Canada - 1985 Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite daucune manidre sans la permission pralable de lditeur. C -A ,i Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted with
5、out license from IHS-,-,-CGSB CAN/CGSB-148 *-1*N0-2-M85 * W 1874654 0014900 607 The CANADIAN GENERAL STANDARDS BOARD (CCSB), under whose auspices this standard has been developed is a government agency within the Federal Department of Supply and Services. The CCSB is engaged in the production of vol
6、untary standards in a wide range of subject areas through the media of standards committees and the consensus process. The standards committees are composed of representatives of relevant interests including producers, consumers and other users, retailers, governments, educational institutions, tech
7、- nical, professional and trade societies, and research and test- ing organizations. Any given standard is developed on the consensus of views expressed by such representatives. The Ministers Advisory Council on CGSB reviews the results of the consensus process. The CCSB has been accredited by the S
8、tandards Council of Canada as a national standards-writing organization. The standards that it develops and offers as National Standards of Canada conform to the criteria and procedures established for this purpose by the Standards Council of Canada. In addition to standards it publishes as national
9、 standards, the CGSB produces standards to meet particular needs, in response to requests from a variety of sources in both the public and private sectors. Both CCSB standards and national standards developed by the CCSB are developed in conformance with the policies described in the Policy Manual f
10、or the Development and Maintenance of Standards by CGSB. CCSB standards are subject to review and revision at any time, so as to ensure that they keep abreast of technological progress. Suggestions for their improvement, which are al- ways welcome, should be brought to the notice of the stand- ards
11、committees concerned. Changes to standards are issued either as separate amendment sheets or in new editions of standards. An up-to-date listing of CCSB standards, including details on latest issues and amendments, and ordering instructions, will be found in the Catalogue of Standards and Qualified
12、Products Lists which is published annually and is available without charge upon request. Although the intended primary application of this standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility of the users of the standard to judge its suitabd- ity for their part
13、icular purpose. Many tests required by CGSB standards are inherently hazard- ous. The CGSB neither assumes nor accepts any responsibility for any injury or damage that may occur during or as the result of tests, wherever performed. The CCSB takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rig
14、hts asserted with any item coected with this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights are entirely their own responsibility. Further information on the CCSB and its services and stand- ards may be obtained from: The Secretary
15、 Canadian General Standards Board Ottawa, Canada KIA IC6 *CI- - La prsente norme a t labore SOUS les auspices de lOFFICE DES NORMES CmERALES DU CANADA (ONCC), qui est un organisme fdra1,relevant du ministre des Appro- visionnements et Services. L40NGC partfcipe la production de normes facultatives d
16、ans une gamme etendue de domaines, par lentremise de ses comit this remains the continuing respowibility of the accredited standards-writing organization. Le CONSEIL CANADIEN DES NORMES est lorganisme de coordination du Systme de normes nationales, une fdration dorganismes indpendants et autonomes q
17、ui travaillent au dveloppement et lamlioration de la normalisation volon- taire dans lintrt national. Les principaux buts du Conseil sont dencourager et de pro- mouvoir la normalisation volontaire comme moyen damliorer iconomie nationale, damliorer ia sant, ia scurit et ie bien-tre du public, baider
18、 et de protger le consommateur, de facillter le commerce national et international et de favoriser la coop therefore, possible. ces normes font lobjet dexamens priodiques; cest users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition from the pourquoi il est recommand aux utilisateurs de se procurer organiz
19、ation preparing the standard. Iidition la plus rkente de la norme auprs de lorganisme qui la prpare. National Standards of Canada are approved by the Standards Council of Canada 350 Sparks Street Ottawa, Ontario KIR 7% Les Normes nationales du Canada sont approuves par le: Conseil canadien des norme
20、s 350, rue Sparks Ottawa, Ontario KiR M Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CGSB CAN/CGSB=14 *-1*N0.2-M5 1874654 0014902 4T CANADIAN GENERAL STANDARDS BOARD OFFICE DES NOR
21、MES GhI&ALES DU CANADA COMMITWE ON G OTEXTILES AND GEOMEMBRANES COMITE DES G l? OTEXTiLES ET GEOMEMBRANES (Membershie at date of approval) (Composition a. la date dapprobation) ecole Polytechnique Rollin, Dr A.L. Chairman/Prsident National Research Council of Canada/Building Research Ontario Researc
22、h Foundation Matriaux Techniques Ct Inc. Ontario Hydro Ministre des Transports, Qubec Quebec Hydro DuPont Canada Inc. Polymer International (N.S.) Ltd. Nova Scotia Department of Transportation Terrafix Filter Fabrics Inc. DuPont Canada Inc. University of Guelph Royal Military College Universit Laval
23、 Geotrol International Ontario Ministry of Transpor- tation and Communications Department of Transport C. Mirza Engineering Inc. National Research Council of Canada/Chemistry Dominion Textile Inc. Tex-El Inc. Socit dhergie de la Baie James City of Calgary University of Western Ontario The Trow Group
24、 Ltd. University of Alberta, Civil Crown Zellerbach Paper Co. Ltd. Celanese Canada Inc. DuPont Canada Inc. Vale-Harmon Enterprises Ltd. Nilex Geotechnical Products Inc. Department of Public Works EBA Engineering Consultants Ltd. Engineering CAN/CGSB- i 48.1 .w- - Bozozk, Dr M. Cashmore, Dr P. Ct, M.
25、J. Cragg, C.B.H. Dallaire, G. Dascal, O. Eadie, W .R. Ellis, A.L. Gervais, F.A. Hewitt, D. Irwin, M.J. Ir.win, Dr R .W . Jarrett, Dr P.M. King, Dr M. Klassen, E. Korgemagi, P. Lackey, B. Mirza, C. Mitton, M.T. Miss/Mll e Moldvar, P. Morin, J. Par, J. Rodier, C.E. Rowe, Dr R.K. Sarafinchin, M. Scott,
26、 Dr J.D. Shand, S. Schweitzer, J. Turnbull, W. Vale, H.J. van Woudenberg, W. Vogan, R.W. Wallace, R.B. Ecole Polytechnique Conseil national de recherches du Ontario Research Foundation Matriaux Techniques Ct Inc. H ydro-Ontario Ministre des Transports, Qubec H y dro-Qubec DuPont Canada Inc. Polymer
27、International (N.S.) Ltd. Nova Scotia Department of Transportation Terrafix Filter Fabrics Inc. DuPont Canada Inc. Universit de Guelph Royal Military College universit Lavai Geotrol International Ministre des Transports et. Ministre des Transports C. Mirza Engineering Inc. Conseil national de recher
28、ches du Canada/Chimie Dominion Textile Inc. Tex-El Inc. Socit dhergie de la Baie James Ville de Calgary Universit Western Ontario The Trow Group Ltd, Universit de lAlberta, Gnie Crown Zellerbach Paper Co. Ltd. Celanese Canada Inc. DuPont Canada Inc. Vale-Harmon Enterprises Ltd. Nilex Ceotechnical Pr
29、oducts Inc. Ministre des Travaux publics EBA Engineering Consultants Ltd. Canada/Recherches en btiment Communications de lOntario civil No./No 2485 .A I q. Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without
30、license from IHS-,-,-CGSB CAN/CGSB-14B *.L*N0.2-N85 * M 1874654 0014903 31b = University of Alberta, Textiles CN Rail (The Railway Association Whitten, Mrs. M. Worth, A.W. Uaversit de lAlberta, Analyses CN Rail (LAssociation des chemins Analysis des textiles of Canada) Canadian General Standards Dod
31、d, W .B. de fer du Canada) Office des normes gnrales du v Board Secretarylsecrtaire Canada Acknowledgement is made for the French translation of this National Standard of Canada by the Translation Bureau of the Department of the Secretary of State. Nous remercions le Bureau des traductions du Secrta
32、riat dgtat de la traduction franaise de la prsente Norme nationale du Canada. , No./No 2-MS5 .ce - C AN/CGSE 148.1 Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-METHODS OF TESTING G
33、EOTEXTILES AND CEOMEMBRANES MeHODES DESSAI POUR CEOTEXTILES ET GbMEMBRANES . Mass per Unit Area o= Ottawa Canada K1A 1G6 Masse surfauque 1. 1.1 2. 2.1 .3. 3.1 3.2 CAN/CCSE 148.1 NoJNo 2-M 85 4. 4. 4.2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE This method is intended for the de- termination of the mass per unit area of geot
34、extile fabrics, It is primarily for use in the laboratory. PRINCIPLE Specimens of known dimensions are taken from the fabric and their masses determined. APPARATUS A rigid scale graduated in milli- metres, or a metal die for cutting specimens of a known area of not less than 20 cm2. A balance capabl
35、e of determining the mass of the specimen or specimens with an accuracy of 2 0.5% of the reading. TEST SPECIMEN Unless otherwise specified, samples may be tested as received (Note 1). Specimen Size. The specifying au- thority should designate the method (par. 4.2.1 or 4.2.2). OBJET La prsente mthode
36、 sert dterminer la masse surfacique des gotextiles. Elle est principalement destine tre em- ploye en laboratoire. PRINCIPE Des spcimens de dimensions connues sont prlevs sur ltoffe et leur masse est dtermine. , , APPAREILLAGE Une rgle rigide, gradue en millimtres, ou un emporte-pice mtallique pour t
37、ailler des spcimens dune-surface con- nue dau moins 20 cm2. Une balance permettant de dterminer la masse dun ou de plusieurs spcimens i 0.5% prs. SPECIMEN DESSAI Sauf indication contraire, les chantil- lons peuvent tre prouv& dans leur tat de reception (remarque i). Dimensions des spcimens. Lautorit
38、 comptente devrait prciser la mthode utiliser (al. 4.2.1 ou 4.2.2). NOTE 1: In cases of dispute, the sample shall be brought to moisture equilibrium in an atmosphere of 20 2 2OC and 65 2 2% relative humidity before testing. REMARQUE 1: En cas de litige? amener lchantillon un tat dquilibre hygro- mtr
39、ique en le plaant, avant lessai, dans une atmosphre de 20 2 2OC et bune humidit relative de 65 2 2%. - Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CGSB CAN/CGSB-148 *-L*N0.2-M85 *
40、 W 1874b54 0034905 199 W 4.2.1 A single large rectangular. test speci- men may be used, provided its least surface dimension is not less than 500 mm. No selvedges shall be in- cluded (Note 2). 4.2.2 Alternatively, a minimum of ten die- cut test specimens may be used, each havin an area of not less t
41、han shall be representative of the whole sample, specimens shall be taken according to CAN/CGSB- 148.1 No. 1-M, Sampling and Preparation of Specimens (Note 2). 20 cm 5 So that the measurements 5. PROCEDURE 5.1 Lay the fabric sample on a flat sur- face, smooth and without tension, and cut the test sp
42、ecimens from it. If rectangular specimens are not to be cut with a die, first carefully outline them on the fabric with pen- cil, ink, tailors chalk, etc. Measure the length and width of such speci- mens with an accuracy of.? 0.5% of the reading. Calculate the area of each specimen (Note 3). NOTE 2:
43、 If the precision with which mass is to be measured is specified, reference should be made to CAN/CGSB-4.2 No. 1-M for proce dures to determine the number of test specimens required. If this is not known, the procedures given in par. 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 above shall be followed. NOTE 3: In testing knitte
44、d fabrics or other fabrics that are readily dis- torted, it is preferable to use die-cut specimens. 2 “- - Un seul grand spcimen rectangulaire peut tre employ pourvu que sa plus petite dimension soit dau moins 500 mm. Le spcimen ne doit comprendre aucune lisire dtoffe (remarque 2). On peut galement
45、se servir dun mini- mum de dix spcimens dessai taills a lemporte-pice, chacun prsentant un minimum de 20 cm2 de surface. Pour sassurer que les mesures sont reprsen- tatives de lensemble de lchantillon, les spcimens doivent &re prlevs conf or- mment a CAN/CGSB-148.1 NO 1-M, Echantillonnage et prparat
46、ion des sp& cimens (remarque 2). MODE OP&ATOIRE . haler l%chantillon sans ltirer, sur une surface unie et lisse, puis dcouper les spcimens dessai. , Les spcimens rectangulaires qui ne sont pas taills lemporte-pice doivent tre dlimits au pralable sur ltoffe, au crayon, lencre ou la craie, etc. Me- su
47、rer leur longueur et leur largeur 2 0.5% prs, puis calculer la surface de chaque spcimen (remarque 3). REMARQUE 2: Si le degr de prcision avec leque! la masse doit &re dtermi- ne est precis, se reporter a CAN/CCSB-4.2 NO I-M pour dterminer le nombre de spcimens requis. Autre- ment, procder comme lin
48、diquent les al. 4.2.1 et 4.2.2 ci-dessus. REMARQUE 3: Pour les essais des - toffes tricotes ou autres toffes facile- ment dformables, il est prfrable que les spcimens soient dcoups Item- port e-pice. Copyright Canadian General Standards Board Provided by IHS under license with CGSBNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-5.3 5.4 Determine the mass of the specimen or specimens with an accuracy of f: 0.5% of the reading. Where ten die- cut specimens
