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1、 COLORIMETRY CIE 15:2004 3rd Edition UDC: 535.66 Descriptor: Colorimetry 535.67 Colour of objects 612.843.31 Colour vision 159.937.51 Perception of colour ISBN 3 901 906 33 9 THE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) is an organisation devoted to

2、 international co-operation and exchange of information among its member countries on all matters relating to the art and science of lighting. Its membership consists of the National Committees in 38 countries and one geographical area and of 4 associate members. The objectives of the CIE are : 1. T

3、o provide an international forum for the discussion of all matters relating to the science, technology and art in the fields of light and lighting and for the interchange of information in these fields between countries. 2. To develop basic standards and procedures of metrology in the fields of ligh

4、t and lighting. 3. To provide guidance in the application of principles and procedures in the development of international and national standards in the fields of light and lighting. 4. To prepare and publish standards, reports and other publications concerned with all matters relating to the scienc

5、e, technology and art in the fields of light and lighting. 5. To maintain liaison and technical interaction with other international organisations concerned with matters related to the science, technology, standardisation and art in the fields of light and lighting. The work of the CIE is carried on

6、 by seven Divisions each with about 20 Technical Committees. This work covers subjects ranging from fundamental matters to all types of lighting applications. The standards and technical reports developed by these international Divisions of the CIE are accepted throughout the world. A plenary sessio

7、n is held every four years at which the work of the Divisions and Technical Committees is reviewed, reported and plans are made for the future. The CIE is recognised as the authority on all aspects of light and lighting. As such it occupies an important position among international organisations. LA

8、 COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE LECLAIRAGE La Commission Internationale de lEclairage (CIE) est une organisation qui se donne pour but la coopration internationale et lchange dinformations entre les Pays membres sur toutes les questions relatives lart et la science de lclairage. Elle est compose de Co

9、mits Nationaux reprsentant 38 pays plus un territoire gographique, et de 4 membres associs. Les objectifs de la CIE sont : 1. De constituer un centre dtude international pour toute matire relevant de la science, de la technologie et de lart de la lumire et de lclairage et pour lchange entre pays din

10、formations dans ces domaines. 2. Dlaborer des normes et des mthodes de base pour la mtrologie dans les domaines de la lumire et de lclairage. 3. De donner des directives pour lapplication des principes et des mthodes dlaboration de normes internationales et nationales dans les domaines de la lumire

11、et de lclairage. 4. De prparer et publier des normes, rapports et autres textes, concernant toutes matires relatives la science, la technologie et lart dans les domaines de la lumire et de lclairage. 5. De maintenir une liaison et une collaboration technique avec les autres organisations internation

12、ales concernes par des sujets relatifs la science, la technologie, la normalisation et lart dans les domaines de la lumire et de lclairage. Les travaux de la CIE sont effectus par 7 Divisions, ayant chacune environ 20 Comits Techniques. Les sujets dtudes stendent des questions fondamentales, tous le

13、s types dapplications de lclairage. Les normes et les rapports techniques labors par ces Divisions Internationales de la CIE sont reconnus dans le monde entier. Tous les quatre ans, une Session plnire passe en revue le travail des Divisions et des Comits Techniques, en fait rapport et tablit les pro

14、jets de travaux pour lavenir. La CIE est reconnue comme la plus haute autorit en ce qui concerne tous les aspects de la lumire et de lclairage. Elle occupe comme telle une position importante parmi les organisations internationales. DIE INTERNATIONALE BELEUCHTUNGSKOMMISSION Die Internationale Beleuc

15、htungskommission (CIE) ist eine Organisation, die sich der internationalen Zusammenarbeit und dem Austausch von Informationen zwischen ihren Mitgliedslndern bezglich der Kunst und Wissenschaft der Lichttechnik widmet. Die Mitgliedschaft besteht aus den Nationalen Komitees in 38 Lndern und einem geog

16、raphischen Gebiet und aus 4 assoziierten Mitgliedern. Die Ziele der CIE sind : 1. Ein internationaler Mittelpunkt fr Diskussionen aller Fragen auf dem Gebiet der Wissenschaft, Technik und Kunst der Lichttechnik und fr den Informationsaustausch auf diesen Gebieten zwischen den einzelnen Lndern zu sei

17、n. 2. Grundnormen und Verfahren der Metechnik auf dem Gebiet der Lichttechnik zu entwickeln. 3. Richtlinien fr die Anwendung von Prinzipien und Vorgngen in der Entwicklung internationaler und nationaler Normen auf dem Gebiet der Lichttechnik zu erstellen. 4. Normen, Berichte und andere Publikationen

18、 zu erstellen und zu verffentlichen, die alle Fragen auf dem Gebiet der Wissenschaft, Technik und Kunst der Lichttechnik betreffen. 5. Liaison und technische Zusammenarbeit mit anderen internationalen Organisationen zu unterhalten, die mit Fragen der Wissenschaft, Technik, Normung und Kunst auf dem

19、Gebiet der Lichttechnik zu tun haben. Die Arbeit der CIE wird in 7 Divisionen, jede mit etwa 20 Technischen Komitees, geleistet. Diese Arbeit betrifft Gebiete mit grundlegendem Inhalt bis zu allen Arten der Lichtanwendung. Die Normen und Technischen Berichte, die von diesen international zusammenges

20、etzten Divisionen ausgearbeitet werden, sind von der ganzen Welt anerkannt. Tagungen werden alle vier Jahre abgehalten, in der die Arbeiten der Divisionen berprft und berichtet und neue Plne fr die Zukunft ausgearbeitet werden. Die CIE wird als hchste Autoritt fr alle Aspekte des Lichtes und der Bel

21、euchtung angesehen. Auf diese Weise unterhlt sie eine bedeutende Stellung unter den internationalen Organisationen. Published by the COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE LECLAIRAGE CIE Central Bureau Kegelgasse 27, A-1030 Vienna, AUSTRIA Tel: +43(1)714 31 87 0, Fax: +43(1)714 31 87 18 e-mail: ciecbping.at W

22、WW: http:/www.cie.co.at/ CIE 2004 All rights reserved COLORIMETRY CIE 15:2004 3rd Edition UDC: 535.66 Descriptor: Colorimetry 535.67 Colour of objects 612.843.31 Colour vision 159.937.51 Perception of colour ISBN 3 901 906 33 9 CIE 15:2004 II This Technical Report has been prepared by CIE Technical

23、Committee 1-48 of Division 1 “Vision and Colour” and has been approved by the Board of Administration of the Commission Internationale de lEclairage for study and application. The document reports on current knowledge and experience within the specific field of light and lighting described, and is i

24、ntended to be used by the CIE membership and other interested parties. It should be noted, however, that the status of this document is advisory and not mandatory. The latest CIE proceedings or CIE NEWS should be consulted regarding possible subsequent amendments. Ce rapport technique a t labor par

25、le Comit Technique CIE 1-48 de la Division 1 “Vision et Couleur” et a t approuv par le Bureau de la Commission Internationale de lEclairage, pour tude et emploi. Le document expose les connaissances et lexprience actuelles dans le domaine particulier de la lumire et de lclairage dcrit ici. Il est de

26、stin tre utilis par les membres de la CIE et par tout les intresss. Il faut cependant noter que ce document est indicatif et non obligatoire. Il faut consulter les plus rcents comptes rendus de la CIE, ou le CIE NEWS, en ce qui concerne des amendements nouveaux ventuels. Dieser Technische Bericht is

27、t vom CIE Technischen Komitee 1-48 der Division 1 “Sehen und Farbe” ausgearbeitet und vom Vorstand der Commission Internationale de lEclairage gebilligt worden. Das Dokument berichtet ber den derzeitigen Stand des Wissens und Erfahrung in dem behandelten Gebiet von Licht und Beleuchtung; es ist zur

28、Verwendung durch CIE-Mitglieder und durch andere Interessierte bestimmt. Es sollte jedoch beachtet werden, da das Dokument eine Empfehlung und keine Vorschrift ist. Die neuesten CIE-Tagungsberichte oder das CIE NEWS sollten im Hinblick auf mgliche sptere nderungen zu Rate gezogen werden. Any mention

29、 of organisations or products does not imply endorsement by the CIE. Whilst every care has been taken in the compilation of any lists, up to the time of going to press, these may not be comprehensive. Toute mention dorganisme ou de produit nimplique pas une prfrence de la CIE. Malgr le soin apport l

30、a compilation de tous les documents jusqu la mise sous presse, ce travail ne saurait tre exhaustif. Die Erwhnung von Organisationen oder Erzeugnissen bedeutet keine Billigung durch die CIE. Obgleich groe Sorgfalt bei der Erstellung von Verzeichnissen bis zum Zeitpunkt der Drucklegung angewendet wurd

31、e, ist es mglich, da diese nicht vollstndig sind. CIE 2004 All rights reserved CIE 15:2004 III This report has been prepared by the Technical Committee 1-48 “Revision of CIE document 15.2 Colorimetry“ of CIE Division 1 “Colour and Vision“ by using previously published material of the CIE and conside

32、ring resolutions of the CIE Division 1 meeting at Teddington 2000-04-06 and Rochester 2001-06-22/23. This present publication replaces CIE 15.2-1986 “Colorimetry“I. Members of the Technical Committee during the preparation of this report were: P.J. Alessi USA E.C. Carter USA M.D. Fairchild USA R.W.G

33、. Hunt United Kingdom C.S. McCamy USA B. Krnicz Hungary J.R. Moore United Kingdom L. Morren Belgium J.H. Nobbs United Kingdom Y. Ohno USA M.R. Pointer United Kingdom D.C. Rich USA A.R. Robertson Canada J.D. Schanda (chair) Hungary R. Sve France P.W. Trezona United Kingdom K. Witt Germany H. Yaguchi

34、Japan The following Editorial Committee was responsible for the formulation of the document: E.C. Carter, Y. Ohno, M.R. Pointer, A.R. Robertson, R. Sve, J.D. Schanda, K. Witt. Items of mainly historic importance have been placed into Appendix A. IAccording to the new CIE publication numbering policy

35、 - that indicates a new revised edition only by the year of publication - this technical report has got the number of 15:2004 and not 15.3:2004. CIE 15:2004 IV TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY VII RESUME VII ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VII 1. SCOPE 1 2. PREFACE 1 3. RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING STANDARD PHYSICAL DATA OF

36、 ILLUMINANTS AND SOURCES 2 3.1 Recommendations concerning standard physical data of illuminants 2 3.2 Artificial sources representative of illuminants 5 4. RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING STANDARD OF REFLECTANCE 5 5. RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING GEOMETRIC CONDITIONS FOR COLORIMETRY 5 5.1 Recommended nomenc

37、lature for directional irradiation 6 5.1.1 Forty-five degree directional geometry (45x) 6 5.1.2 Forty-five degree annular geometry (45a) 6 5.1.3 Zero degree directional geometry (0) 6 5.1.4 Eight degree geometry (8) 7 5.2 Recommended geometry for reflection measurements 7 5.2.1 Diffuse: eight-degree

38、 geometry, specular component included (di:8) 7 5.2.2 Diffuse: eight-degree geometry, specular component excluded (de:8) 7 5.2.3 Eight degree: diffuse geometry, specular component included (8:di) 7 5.2.4 Eight degree: diffuse geometry, specular component excluded (8:de) 7 5.2.5 Diffuse / diffuse geo

39、metry (d:d) 7 5.2.6 Alternative diffuse geometry (d:0) 7 5.2.7 Forty-five degree annular / normal geometry (45a:0) 7 5.2.8 Normal / forty-five degree annular geometry (0:45a) 8 5.2.9 Forty-five degree directional / normal geometry (45x:0) 8 5.2.10 Normal / forty-five degree directional geometry (0:4

40、5x) 8 5.3 Recommended geometry for transmission measurements 8 5.3.1 Normal / normal geometry (0:0) 8 5.3.2 Diffuse / normal geometry, regular component included (di:0) 9 5.3.3 Diffuse / normal geometry, regular component excluded (de:0) 9 5.3.4 Normal / diffuse geometry, regular component included

41、(0:di) 9 5.3.5 Normal / diffuse geometry, regular component excluded (0:de) 9 5.3.6 Diffuse / diffuse geometry (d:d) 9 6. RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING STANDARD OBSERVER DATA 9 6.1 CIE 1931 standard colorimetric observer 9 6.2 CIE 1964 standard colorimetric observer 10 7. RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING THE

42、 CALCULATION OF TRISTIMULUS VALUES AND CHROMATICITY COORDINATES 12 7.1 Calculation of tristimulus values 12 7.1.1 Secondary light sources (reflecting or transmitting objects) 12 7.1.2 Illuminants and self-luminous objects 13 7.2 The use of abridged or truncated data 13 7.2.1 Abridgement 13 7.2.2 Tru

43、ncation 14 7.2.3 Weighting factors 14 7.2.4 Numerical procedures 15 7.2.5 Bandwidth of a spectrometer 15 7.3 Calculation of chromaticity coordinates 15 7.4 Equations representing relationships between colour stimuli 16 CIE 15:2004 V 8. RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING UNIFORM COLOUR SPACING AND COLOUR DIF

44、FERENCES 16 8.1 CIE 1976 uniform chromaticity scale diagram (UCS diagram) 16 8.2 CIE 1976 uniform colour spaces 16 8.2.1 CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space; CIELAB colour space 17 8.2.2 CIE 1976 (L*u*v*) colour space; CIELUV colour space 18 8.2.3 Notes on CIE 1976 uniform colour spaces 19 8.3 Improved i

45、ndustrial colour difference evaluation 20 8.3.1 CIEDE2000 total colour difference formula 20 9 RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING MISCELLANEOUS COLORIMETRIC PRACTICES AND FORMULAE 22 9.1 Dominant wavelength and purity 22 9.1.1 Dominant wavelength (of a colour stimulus), d22 9.1.2 Complementary wavelength (o

46、f a colour stimulus), c22 9.1.3 Colorimetric purity, pc22 9.1.4 Excitation purity, pe9.2 Special metamerism indices 23 9.2.1 Special metamerism index: change in illuminant 23 9.2.2 Special metamerism index: change in observer 24 9.3 Assessment of the quality of a daylight simulator for colorimetry 2

47、5 9.4 The evaluation of whiteness 26 9.5 Calculation of correlated colour temperature 26 10. REFERENCES 27 11. TABLES 30 11.1 Table T.1. Relative spectral power distributions of CIE illuminants 30 11.2 Table T.2. Components S0(), S1(), S2() 33 11.3 Table T.3. Tristimulus values, chromaticity coordin

48、ates of CIE illuminants 35 11.4 Table T.4. CIE 1931 standard colorimetric observer 36 11.5 Table T.5. CIE 1964 standard colorimetric observer 38 11.6 Table T.6. Relative spectral power distributions of illuminants representing typical fluorescent lamps, for wavelengths = 380 nm to 780 nm at 5 nm int

49、ervals 40 11.7 Table T.7. High pressure discharge lamps. HP1: Standard high pressure sodium lamp; HP2: Colour enhanced high pressure sodium lamp; HP3-5: Three types of high pressure metal halide lamps 47 11.8 Table T.8. Colorimetric data for the fluorescent lamp illuminants of Table T.6 49 11.9 Table T.9. Colorimetric data for the high pressure illuminants of Table T.7 50 11.10 Table T.10. Values of the f

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