1、 TECHNICAL REPORT Guide on the Limitation of the Effects of Obtrusive Light from Outdoor Lighting Installations, 2nd Edition CIE 150:2017 UDC: 628.931 Descriptor: Artificial lighting: Design and calculation 628.971 Exterior lighting ISBN 978-3-902842-48-0 DOI: 10.25039/TR.150.2017 THE INTERNATIONAL
2、COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) is an organization devoted to international co -operation and exchange of information among its member countries on all matters relating to the art and science of lighting. Its membership consists of the National Committee
3、s in about 40 countries. The objectives of the CIE are: 1. To provide an international forum for the discussion of all matters relating to the science, technology and art in the fields of light and lighting and for the interchange of information in these fields between countries. 2. To develop basic
4、 standards and procedures of metrology in the fields of light and lighting. 3. To provide guidance in the application of principles and procedures in the development of international and national standards in the fields of light and lighting. 4. To prepare and publish standards, reports and other pu
5、blications concerned with all matters relatin g to the science, technology and art in the fields of light and lighting. 5. To maintain liaison and technical interaction with other international organizations concerned with matters related to the science, technology, standardization and art in the fi
6、elds of light and lighting. The work of the CIE is carried out by Technical Committees, organized in seven Divisions. This work covers subjects ranging from fundamental matters to all types of lighting applications. The standards and technical reports developed by these international Divisions of th
7、e CIE are accepted throughout the world. A plenary session is held every four years at which the work of the Divisions and Technical Committees is reported and reviewed, and plans are made for the future. The CIE is recognized as the authority on all aspects of light and lighting. As such it occupie
8、s an important position among international organizations. LA COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE LECLAIRAGE La Commission Internationale de lEclairage (CIE) est une organisation qui se donne pour but la coopration internationale et lchange dinformations entre les Pays membres sur toutes les questions rela
9、tives lart et la science de lclairage. Elle est compose de Comits Nationaux reprsentant environ 40 pays. Les objectifs de la CIE sont : 1. De constituer un centre dtude international pour toute matire relevant de la science, de la technologie et de lart de la lumire et de lclairage et pour lchange e
10、ntre pays dinformations dans ces domaines. 2. Dlaborer des normes et des mthodes de base pour la mtrologie dans les domaines de la lumire et de lclairage. 3. De donner des directives pour lapplication des principes et des mthodes dlaboration de normes internationales et nationales dans les domaines
11、de la lumire et de lclairage. 4. De prparer et publier des normes, rapports et autres textes, concernant toutes matires relatives la science, la technologie et lart dans les domaines de la lumire et de lclairage. 5. De maintenir une liaison et une collaboration technique avec les autres organisation
12、s internationales concernes par des sujets relatifs la science, la technologie, la normalisation et lart dans les domaines de la lumire et de lclairage. Les travaux de la CIE sont effectus par Comits Techniques, organiss en sept Divisions. Les sujets dtudes stendent des questions fondamentales, tous
13、 les types dapplications de lclairage. Les normes et les rapports techniques labors par ces Divisions Internationales de la CIE sont reconnus dans le monde entier. Tous les quatre ans, une Session plnire passe en revue le travail des Divisions et des Comits Techniques, en fait rapport et tablit les
14、projets de travaux pour lavenir. La CIE est reconnue comme la plus haute autorit en ce qu i concerne tous les aspects de la lumire et de lclairage. Elle occupe comme telle une position importante parmi les organisations internationales. DIE INTERNATIONALE BELEUCHTUNGSKOMMISSION Die Internationale Be
15、leuchtungskommission (CIE) ist eine Organisation, die sich der internationalen Zusammenarbeit und dem Austausch von Informationen zwischen ihren Mitgliedslndern bezglich der Kunst und Wissenschaft der Lichttechnik widmet. Die Mitgliedschaft besteht aus den Nationalen Komitees in rund 40 Lnder n. Die
16、 Ziele der CIE sind: 1. Ein internationales Forum fr Diskussionen aller Fragen auf dem Gebiet der Wissenschaft, Technik und Kunst der Lichttechnik und fr den Informationsaustausch auf diesen Gebieten zwischen den einzelnen Lndern zu sein. 2. Grundnormen und Verfahren der Messtechnik auf dem Gebiet d
17、er Lichttechnik zu entwickeln. 3. Richtlinien fr die Anwendung von Prinzipien und Vorgngen in der Entwicklung internationaler und nationaler Normen auf dem Gebiet der Lichttechnik zu erstellen. 4. Normen, Berichte und andere Publikationen zu erstellen und zu verffentlichen, die alle Fragen auf dem G
18、ebiet der Wissenschaft, Technik und Kunst der Lichttechnik betreffen. 5. Liaison und technische Zusammenarbeit mit anderen internationalen Organisationen zu unterhalten, die mit Fragen der Wissenschaft, Technik, Normung und Kunst auf dem Gebiet der Lichttechnik zu tun haben. Die Arbeit der CIE wird
19、durch Technische Komitees geleistet, die in sieben Divisionen organisiert sind. Diese Arbeit betriff t Gebiete mit grundlegendem Inhalt bis zu allen Arten der Lichtanwendung. Die Normen und Technischen Berichte, die von diesen international zusammengesetzten Divisionen ausgearbeitet werden, sind auf
20、 der ganzen Welt anerkannt. Alle vier Jahre findet eine Session statt, in der die Arbeiten der Divisionen berichtet und berprft werden, sowie neue Plne fr die Zukunft ausgearbeitet werden. Die CIE wird als hchste Autoritt fr alle Aspekte des Lichtes und der Beleuchtung angesehen. Auf diese Weise unt
21、erhlt sie eine bedeutende Stellung unter den internationalen Organisationen. Published by the COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE LECLAIRAGE CIE Central Bureau Babenbergerstrasse 9, A-1010 Vienna, AUSTRIA Tel: +43(1)714 31 87 e-mail: ciecbcie.co.at www.cie.co.at CIE 2017 - All rights reserved TECHNICAL REP
22、ORT Guide on the Limitation of the Effects of Obtrusive Light from Outdoor Lighting Installations, 2nd Edition CIE 150:2017 UDC: 628.931 Descriptor: Artificial lighting: Design and calculation 628.971 Exterior lighting ISBN 978-3-902842-48-0 DOI: 10.25039/TR.150.2017 CIE 150:2017 II This Technical R
23、eport has been prepared by CIE Technical Committee 5-28 of Division 5 “Exterior Lighting and Other Applications” and has been approved by the Board of Administration as well as by Division 5 of the Commission Internationale de lEclairage for study and application. The document reports on current kno
24、wledge and experience within the specific field of light and lighting described, and is intended to be used by the CIE membership and other interested parties. It should be noted, however, that the status of this document is advisory and not mandatory. Ce rapport technique a t labor par le Comit Tec
25、hnique CIE 5-28 de la Division 5 “Eclairage extrieur et autres applications“ et a t approuv par le Bureau et Division 5 de la Commission Internationale de lEclairage, pour tude et emploi. Le document expose les connaissances et lexprience actuelles dans le domaine particulier de la lumire et de lcla
26、irage dcrit ici. Il est destin tre utilis par les membres de la CIE et par tous les intresss. Il faut cependant noter que ce document est indicatif et non obligatoire. Dieser Technische Bericht ist vom Technischen Komitee CIE 5-28 der Division 5 “Auenbeleuchtung und andere Lichtanwendungen“ ausgearb
27、eitet und vom Vorstand sowie Division 5 der Commission Internationale de lEclairage gebilligt worden. Das Dokument berichtet ber den derzeitigen Stand des Wissens und Erfahrung in dem behandelten Gebiet von Licht und Beleuchtung; es ist zur Verwendung durch CIE-Mitglieder und durch andere Interessie
28、rte bestimmt. Es sollte jedoch beachtet werden, dass das Dokument eine Empfehlung und keine Vorschrift ist. Any mention of organizations or products does not imply endorsement by the CIE. Whilst every care has been taken in the compilation of any lists, up to the time of going to press, these may no
29、t be comprehensive. Toute mention dorganisme ou de produit nimplique pas une prfrence de la CIE. Malgr le soin apport la compilation de tous les documents jusqu la mise sous presse, ce travail ne saurait tre exhaustif. Die Erwhnung von Organisationen oder Erzeugnissen bedeutet keine Billigung durch
30、die CIE. Obgleich groe Sorgfalt bei der Erstellung von Verzeichnissen bis zum Zeitpunkt der Drucklegung angewendet wurde, besteht die Mglichkeit, dass diese nicht vollstndig sind. CIE 2017 - All rights reserved CIE 150:2017 III The following members of TC 5-28 “Guide on the Limitation of the Effects
31、 of Obtrusive Light” took part in the preparation of this Technical Report. The committee comes under Division 5 “Exterior Lighting and Other Applications”. Authors: Pollard, N. E. (Chair) United Kingdom Bommel, W. van Netherlands Diaz Castro, J. Spain Lecocq, J. France Pong, B.-J. Chinese Taipei Wa
32、lkling, A. Germany Advisors: Alvarez del Castillo, E. USA Schwarcz, P. Hungary CIE 150:2017 IV CONTENTS Summary VI Rsum VI Zusammenfassung . VII 1 Scope . 1 2 Terms and definitions . 1 3 Potential obtrusive effects and associated light technical parameters . 2 3.1 The purposes of outdoor lighting .
33、2 3.2 Total environmental effects of a development 2 3.3 Potential effects of outdoor lighting . 3 3.4 Influence of surrounding developments . 3 3.5 Specific effects and relevant light technical parameters . 4 3.5.1 Effects on residents . 4 3.5.2 Effects on transport system users 4 3.5.3 Effects on
34、sightseers . 5 3.5.4 Effects on astronomical observations. 5 3.6 Recommended limits for light technical parameters . 6 3.6.1 Basis of recommendations . 6 3.6.2 Applicable limits 6 3.6.3 Determination of compliance . 7 3.6.4 Basis for differentiation of limits according to area type . 8 3.6.5 Recomme
35、nded maximum values of light technical parameters for the control of obtrusive light 8 4 Design, installation, operation and maintenance . 11 4.1 Design objectives 11 4.1.1 Establishment of objectives . 11 4.1.2 Functional or performance-related objectives 12 4.1.3 Environmental objectives . 12 4.2
36、Design guidelines 15 4.2.1 Examination of alternatives 15 4.2.2 Location of illuminated area/activity . 15 4.2.3 Selection of luminaires 15 4.2.4 Siting and aiming of luminaires 15 4.2.5 Reflective properties of illuminated surface 16 4.3 Installation and commissioning 16 4.4 Operation 17 4.5 Mainte
37、nance 17 4.6 Remedial measures for existing installations . 18 5 Documentation of lighting design 18 5.1 Statement of objectives . 18 5.2 Supporting documentation . 18 5.2.1 General . 18 5.2.2 Information relating to the environment 19 5.2.3 Information relating to the lighting installation 19 5.2.4
38、 Information relating to the operation of the lighting 19 5.3 Check measurements and appraisals 19 CIE 150:2017 V 6 Calculation of light technical parameters 20 6.1 Determination of illuminance . 20 6.1.1 General . 20 6.1.2 Illuminance calculations . 20 6.2 Determination of luminous intensities 20 6
39、.2.1 General . 20 6.2.2 Luminous intensity calculations . 21 6.3 Determination of veiling luminance 24 6.3.1 General . 24 6.3.2 Calculation of veiling luminance. 24 6.4 Determination of the upward light parameters 24 6.4.1 General . 24 6.4.2 Calculation of the upward light ratio (ULR). 25 6.4.3 Dete
40、rmination of upward flux ratio (UFR) . 25 6.4.4 Calculation examples of UFR for three main types of outdoor lighting 28 6.4.5 Determination of luminous intensities between 90 and 110 (I90110) . 30 6.5 Determination of average surface luminance . 30 6.6 Calculation of average surface luminance . 30 7
41、 Measurement of light technical parameters . 30 7.1 Status of measurements 30 7.2 General measurement conditions and reporting of results . 30 7.2.1 Types of measurements 30 7.2.2 Record of measurements . 31 7.2.3 Interpretation of measured values 31 7.3 Measurement of illuminances 32 7.3.1 General
42、methodology 32 7.3.2 Measuring instrument 32 7.3.3 Measurement conditions and procedures . 32 7.4 Measurement of luminous intensity 32 7.4.1 General methodology 32 7.4.2 Measurement procedures 32 7.5 Measurement of veiling luminance . 33 7.6 Measurement of upward light parameters 33 7.7 Measurement
43、of surface luminances . 34 7.7.1 General methodology 34 7.7.2 Measurement conditions and procedures . 34 Annex A Illustration of floodlight classification. 35 Annex B Illustrations of luminaire accessories for limiting obtrusive light 37 Annex C Derivation of Table 3 38 Annex D Derivation of UFR for
44、mula 40 Annex E Determination of the reflectance of the ground surface . 43 References . 44 Bibliography 45 CIE 150:2017 VI GUIDE ON THE LIMITATION OF THE EFFECTS OF OBTRUSIVE LIGHT FROM OUTDOOR LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS Summary This report is a revision and update of CIE 150:2003 Guide on the Limitati
45、on of the Effects of Obtrusive Light from Outdoor Lighting Installations. The purpose of this Guide is to help formulate guidelines for assessing the environmental impacts of outdoor lighting and to give recommended limits for relevant lighting parameters to contain the obtrusive effects of outdoor
46、lighting within tolerable levels. As the obtrusive effects of outdoor lighting are best controlled initially by appropriate design, the guidance given is primarily applicable to new installations; however, some advice is also provided on remedial measures which may be taken for existin g installatio
47、ns. This Guide refers to the potentially adverse effects of outdoor lighting on both natural and man -made environments for people in most aspects of daily life, from residents, sightseers, transport users to environmentalists and astronomers. (Astronomers also see CIE 126-1997.) The daytime appeara
48、nce of the lighting installation is important. The size and nature of the lighting support structures may be intrusive by day although this subject is not addressed in this Guide. The publication replaces CIE 150:2003 Guide on the Limitation of the Effects of Obtrusive Light from Outdoor Lighting In
49、stallations. GUIDE SUR LA LIMITATION DES EFFETS DE LA LUMIERE INDESIRABLE DUS AUX INSTALLATIONS DECLAIRAGE EXTERIEUR Rsum Ce rapport a pour objet la mise jour du rapport technique CIE 150:2003 Guide on the Limitation of the Effects of Obtrusive Light from Outdoor Lighting Installations . Le but de ce guide est daider la formulation de directives pour valuer limpact sur lenvironnement de lclairage extrieur et de recommander des lim
