1、C22.2 No. 173-M1983(reaffirmed 2014)Transformers for Toy and Hobby UseLegal Notice for StandardsCanadian Standards Association (operating as “CSA Group”) develops standards through a consensus standards development process approved by the Standards Council of Canada. This process brings together vol
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15、MPUTERFORTHESOLEPURPOSEOFREVIEWINGITsSEARCHANDBROWSETHISDOCUMENTANDsPRINTTHISDOCUMENTIFITISIN0$ it consisted of 22 pages, each of which was dated September 1983. Amendments to Clauses 4.17 and 6.8 and the addition of Figure 3 have been formally approved. These are incorporated in the attached replac
16、ement pages and identified by a vertical line in the margin. CSA Standard C22.2 No. 173-M1983 now consists of the following pages: 312, 19, 20 dated September 1983; 1318, 18A, 23 dated September 1986. These replacement pages are to be inserted into your copy of the Standard; the pages replaced shoul
17、d be kept for reference. Transformers for Toy and Hobby Use 13 4.11 Internal Wiring 4.11.1 Internal wiring of a transformer shall be suitable for the application with respect to adequate mechanical strength, temperature rating, and dielectric properties. 4.11.2 Soldered connections shall be made mec
18、han- ically secure before soldering. 4.11.3 Splices and connections shall be mechanically secure and shall provide adequate and reliable electrical contact. Splices and connections in the primary circuit shall be provided with approved insulated connectors, or be provided with insulation at least eq
19、uivalent to that of the wires involved unless adequate permanent spacing between the splice and all other metal parts or secondary circuit parts and wiring is ensured. 4.11.4 Wire-splicing connectors shall be taped to the wire after being installed. Note: Clause 4.11.4 refers to connectors which are
20、 applied by hand without the use of a suitable tool or machine. 4.11.5 Primary circuit wiring shall be adequately separated from secondary circuit wiring and compo- nents. 4.12 Spacings 4.12.1 Spacings shall be not less than those shown in Table 1: (a) Between bare live parts of opposite polarity; (
21、b) Between bare live primary circuit parts and secon- dary circuits or parts; and (c) Between bare live parts and non-current-carrying metal parts. 4.12.2 The spacings between bare live parts of opposite polarity, between bare live primary circuits or parts and secondary circuits, parts or wiring, a
22、nd between a bare live part and a non-current-carrying part shall be not less than those shown in Table 1. 4.12.3 If bare live parts are not rigidly supported, or if movable non-current-carrying metal parts are in prox- im ity to bare live parts, the construction shall be such that the minimum spaci
23、ngs specified will be maintained under all conditions. 4.12.4 Spacings within components such as lamp- holders and snap-switches, supplied as parts of a trans- former, shall comply with the requirements of that Standard of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part II, which is applicable. If no such Standa
24、rd exists, spacings shall be the subject of investigation. 4.13 Leakage Current 4.13.1 Leakage Current in the “As Received“ Condition. The leakage current of a transformer shall not exceed 0.5 mA in the “as received“ condition when tested in accordance with Clause 6.3. Note: Leakage current refers t
25、o all currents, including capacitively coupled currents, that may be conveyed between exposed surfaces and ground or other exposed surfaces of a transformer. 4.13.2 Leakage Current After Humidity Conditioning. The leakage current of a transformer shall not exceed 0.5 mA when tested after exposure fo
26、r 48 h to air having a relative humidity of 90 to 95% at a temperature of 32 2C when tested in accordance with Clause 6.4. 4.14 Open Circuit Secondary Voltage. The open circuit secondary voltage at the output connections of the transformer shall be not more than 110% of the rated value and shall be
27、not more than a 42.4 V peak (30 V rms) in any case, when tested in accordance with Clause 6.5. 4.15 Maximum Power Input. The input power to the transformer shall be not more than 660 W under any condition of secondary load, including the short- circuiting of any combination of or all secondary termi
28、nals, when tested in accordance with Clause 6.6. 4.16 Maximum Output 4.16.1 The secondary output of a transformer shall not exceed 190 W or 30 A, under any conditions of use, including the short-circuiting of any combination of orall secondary terminals, when tested in accordance with Clause 6.7. 4.
29、16.2 The measured output of a transformer shall be not less than 90% of the marked output rating. 4.17 Temperature 4.17.1* Thetransformerwhen tested as specified under Clause 6.8 shall: (a) Not show a temperature rise at specific points more than indicated in Table 2, except as otherwise permitted b
30、y Clauses 6.8.6, 6.8.8(a), and 6.8.9; and (b) Not result in a hazardous condition as specified in Clause 6.8.7, except as otherwise specified in Clause 6.8.9(b). * Effective DateSeptember 30, 1986 4.17.2 A transformer employing an automatic reset thermal protector or manual reset protector shall com
31、ply with: (a) The requirements of Clause 6.8.8(a) or Clause 6.8.8(b) as applicable; and either September 1986 (Replaces p. 13, September 1983) 14 CSA Standard 022.2 No. 173-M 1983 (b) The requirement of Clause 6.8.8(d); or 5. Markings (c) Its protector shall comply with the requirements of 5.1 Trans
32、formers shall be plainly marked, in a per- CSA Standard C22.2 No. 24, Temperature-Indicating manent manner, in a place where the details will be readily and Regulating Equipment. visible, with the following information: 4.17.3 A transformer employing a one-shot thermal (a) The manufacturers name, tr
33、ademark, tradename, or protector shall comply with: other recognized symbol of identification; (a) The requirement of Clause 6.8.8(c); and either (b) The catalogue number or the equivalent; (b) The requirement of Clause 6.8.8(d); or (c) The input voltage; (c) Its protector shall comply with the stab
34、ility tripping (d) The frequency, in hertz; temperature requirements of Clause 6.8 of CSA Standard C22.2 No. 77, Motors with Inherent Overheating Pro- (e) The output voltage at rated load and whether ac or tection. dc; 4.18 Dielectric Strength (f) The rated output amperes, volt-amperes, or watts; an
35、d 4.18.1 The transformer, while at normal operating temperature, shall be capable of withstanding without (g) The designation “Toy Transformer“ or “Hobby breakdown for 1 mm the application of 1250 V ac Transformer“. between the primary circuit and all secondary circuits with the secondary circuits c
36、onnected to the enclosure. 5.2 Secondary terminals shall either be marked with (See Clause 6.9.) their voltage or some other equivalent method shall be used (eg, a legend) to indicate the voltages. 4.18.2 The dielectric strength test shall be made after each of the tests listed below: 5.3 Identifica
37、tion and polarity of secondary terminals (eg, “track“, “accessories“) shall be provided, where (a) Temperature; necessary. (b) Drop; 5.4 The month and year of manufacture, at least, shall be marked on each transformer in a location accessible (c) Compression rod: without the use of tools. Date codin
38、g, serial numbers, or the equivalent may be used. (d) Compression ball; and (e) Impact. 4.18.3 If burnout occurs during the temperature test the test voltage shall be 500 V ac. September 1986 (Replaces p. 14, September 1983) Transformers for Toy and Hobby Use 15 6. Tests 6.1 Test Sequence. One repre
39、sentativesample, unless otherwise stated, shall be subjected to the following tests in the order named: Test Leakage Current and Dielectric Withstand in “As Received“ Condition Leakage Current and Dielectric Withstand After Humidity Conditioning Open Circuit Secondary Maximum Power Input Maximum Out
40、put Tern peratu re Dielectric Strength Strain Relief Clauses Which Apply 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.3.2 Parts shall be considered to be exposed surfaces unless guarded by an enclosure as defined in Clause 2.1. 6.3.3 Surfaces shall be considered to be simultaneously accessible when they can b
41、e readily contacted by one or both hands of a person at the same time. 6.3.4 If a surface other than metal is used for the enclosure or part of the enclosure, the leakage current shall be measured using metal foil with an area of 10 X 20 cm in contact with the surface. Where the surface area is less
42、 than 200 cm2, the metal foil area shall be reduced to the same area. The metal foil shall not remain in place long enough to affect the temperature of the transformer. 6.3.5 Thetestcircuitshall be as shown in Figure 2. The applied voltage shall be 120 V. The test frequency shall be 60 Hz. 6.3.6 The
43、 meter may be an electronic or a direct indicating type, average responding, calibrated at 60 Hz and indicating the rms value of a pure sine wave, with an accuracy of 5% at an indication of 0.5 mA. The meter shall have a terminal impedance of 1500 (1 shunted by a 0.15 j.F capacitor. Primary Switches
44、 Drop Compression (Rod) Compression (Ball) Deformation (Non-metallic Enclosures) Flame (Non-metallic Enclosures) 6.2 Test Voltage 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.2.1 Voltage. Unless otherwise specified the primary voltage for each test shall be 120 V. 6.2.2 Frequency. All tests shall be made at rate
45、d frequency. 6.2.3 Method of Measurement. The secondary current and voltage at the output terminals of a transformer having a rectified current output shall be measured using an average indicating type (ie, permanent magnet moving coil type) meter. For all other current, voltage, and power measureme
46、nts, a root-mean-square (rms) type (eg, electrodynamometer type) meter shall be used. 6.3 Leakage Current and Dielectric Strength in the “As Received“ Condition 6.3.1 To ensure that the leakage current is within the limits specified in Clause 4.13 all exposed surfaces, including output terminals, sh
47、all be tested for leakage currents. The leakage currentsfrom thesesurfacesshall be measured to the grounded supply conductor individ- ually as well as collectively where simultaneously accessible, and from one surface to another where simultaneously accessible (but not from one output terminal to an
48、other). 6.3.7 Unless the meter is being used to measure leakage from one part of the transformer to another, the meter shall be connected between the accessible parts and the grounded supply conductor. 6.3.8 The resistance load shall be separately adj usted to consume the transformer rated output (w
49、atts or volt- amperes). 6.3.9 The test sequence shall be as follows: (a) With switch Si open, the transformer shall be connected to the measurement circuit. The leakage current shall be measured using both positions of switch S2, and with the transformer switching devices in all their normal positions; (b) Switch Si shall then be closed, energizing the transformer and the load on the output terminals, and wit
