1、C840-12Performance of pool pumpsLegal Notice for StandardsCanadian Standards Association (CSA) standards are developed through a consensus standards development process approved by the Standards Council of Canada. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests t
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22、ced to any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.ContentsTechnical Committee on Residential Equipment ivSubcommittee on Pool Pumps viPreface vii0 Introduction 11 Scope 12 Reference publications 23 Definitions 24 General requirements 35 Testing 36 System curves 47 Determining
23、the energy factor 58 Marking 59 Reporting 5Annex A (informative) Considerations in pool pump calculations 7Annex B (informative) Imperial measurements for pool pump calculations 9iiiFebruary 2012Performance of pool pumps Canadian Standards AssociationTechnical Committee on ResidentialEquipmentChairB
24、C Hydro,Burnaby, British ColumbiaG.R. HamerVice-ChairEfficiency Nova Scotia Corporation,Halifax, Nova ScotiaD.C. DodgeHydro-Qubec,St-Bruno, QubecL. BoutinCaneta Research Inc.,Mississauga, OntarioR.L. CaneOntario Power Authority,Toronto, OntarioD. CarrNatural Resources Canada,Ottawa, OntarioK.N. Delv
25、esCalgary, AlbertaS. GrubbeMississauga, OntarioE. GrzesikNorthern Lights Asset Management Ltd.,Oakville, OntarioW. HassanHenriques Consulting,Richmond, British ColumbiaG.D. HenriquesToronto, OntarioJ. HodgeCanadian Electricity Association,Ottawa, OntarioA. KellyOntario Ministry of Energy,Toronto, On
26、tarioS. KrsikapaBC Hydro,Burnaby, British ColumbiaT.K. LauLTE Hydro-Qubec,Shawinigan, QubecC. Le BelGiant Factories Inc.-Usines Giant Inc.,Montral-Est, QubecC. LesageHydro One Networks Inc.,Toronto, OntarioC. LiFebruary 2012iv Canadian Standards AssociationC840-12Electro-Federation Canada,Toronto, O
27、ntarioR. MartelOntario Ministry of Energy,Ottawa, OntarioE. MilakowskiNatural Resources Canada,Ottawa, OntarioR. MortazaviAMCA International, Inc.,Arlington Heights, Illinois, USAT.J OrrisStricker Associates Inc.,Thornhill, OntarioS. StrickerFortisBC Inc.,Kelowna, British ColumbiaK.A. VeermanPool (b
28、) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and(c) where possible, phrase the request in such a way that a specific “yes“ or “no“ answer will address the issue.Committee interpretations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and guidelines governing
29、standardization and are published in CSAs periodical Info Update, which is available on the CSA website athttp:/standardsactivities.csa.ca.(5) CSA Standards are subject to periodic review, and suggestions for their improvement will be referred to theappropriate committee. To submit a proposal for ch
30、ange to CSA Standards, please send the following informationto inquiriescsa.ca and include “Proposal for change“ in the subject line:(a) Standard designation (number);(b) relevant clause, table, and/or figure number;(c) wording of the proposed change; and(d) rationale for the change.viiFebruary 2012
31、Performance of pool pumps Canadian Standards AssociationC840-12Performance of pool pumps0 IntroductionThis performance Standard was developed to cover swimming pool pumps intended for use in residentialpermanently installed swimming pools.The difficulty with selecting the most efficient pool pump is
32、 that when in service, these devices need toperform two different functions that require different pump capabilities. Pumping systems for swimmingpools are normally designed to provide the function of circulation and filtration, lasting several hours aday and also that of pool cleaning, requiring a
33、higher flow rate but lasting for a much shorter period oftime.The variation of pump performance with speed is described by the Pump Affinity Laws, which state that: The flow is directly proportional to pump rotational speed; Pressure is proportional to the square of the rotational speed; and Power i
34、s proportional to the cube of the rotational speed.It follows that in order for the pump to change its flow rate between filtering and cleaning functions, themotor must undergo a significant speed change and power change, affecting the efficiency of both themotor and the pump. For example, in order
35、to increase the flow by a factor of two, the speed of thepump must double, and the power required to drive the pump must go up by a factor of 8.The efficiency of an electric induction motor normally increases from zero at no load to a maximum atfull load, and then decreases as the load is increased
36、further. There are also a number of ways of changingthe flow rate of pumps running at constant speed with their own set of advantages, disadvantages, costsand efficiency implications. The net effect of operating pumps and motors at lower speeds is that whenthe motor load is reduced, the efficiency o
37、f both the pump and of the motor are also reduced.Attempts to establish a standard or optimal duty cycle for pool pumps is complicated by the fact thatpools tend to be fairly unique. Even when the pool structure itself is of an identical size and design asanother pool, the associated mechanical supp
38、ort equipment and piping can vary considerably due to lotsize, lot grading, power access point, and numerous other considerations that tend to make eachinstallation unique. It is also necessary to factor in the geographical effects due to length of season,airborne dust concentrations, degree of leaf
39、 infestation and other factors that will affect the frequencyand duration of the filtering and cleaning processes. These factors all contribute to defining the dutycycle of the pump. The unfortunate result from all of these variables is that a pump deemed as veryefficient for a specific pool install
40、ation may be inefficient if applied to a similar pool built on differentterrain in a different geographic location.It is the intent of this Standard to keep all the options open and to encourage the industry to find themost efficient and effective solutions. From a users point of view, the ratio tha
41、t is most important is theamount of water pumped divided by the amount of energy that had to be used per day (or per season).The factor that best describes these interests is the energy factor in terms of water delivered per unitof energy consumed, considering both filtering and vacuuming operations
42、 during the average day. Thisdocument has been written so that the energy factor is a prominent measure in determining the mostefficient pump/motor combinations.1 Scope1.1The purpose of this Standard is to specify pool pump performance measurements that will facilitate theselection of the most effic
43、ient models for performing the combined functions of filtration and pool cleaning.1.2This Standard applies to energy performance of centrifugal pump units for the purpose of circulating andfiltering water in residential permanently installed swimming pools that require a driver rated output upto and
44、 including 3730 watts (5 hp).1February 2012Performance of pool pumps Canadian Standards Association1.3Pump units for use in storable type swimming pools are not within the scope of this Standard.1.4This Standard specifies the method for testing swimming pool pump units to calculate the energy factor
45、.1.5In CSA standards, “shall“ is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged tosatisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should“ is used to express a recommendation or that whichis advised but not required; and “may“ is used to express an option or that which is pe
46、rmissible withinthe limits of the standard.Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of anote accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or f
47、igure and may be written as requirements.Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (nonmandatory) to define their application.1.6The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values givenin parentheses are for information and comparison
48、 only.2 Reference publicationsThis Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to theedition listed below, including all amendments published hereto.CSA (Canadian Standards Association)CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 108-01 (R2010)Liquid pumpsANSI (American Nationa
49、l Standards Institute)ANSI/HI 1.6-2000Centrifugal Pump TestsAPSP (Association of Pool and Spa Professionals)APSP-15 (Draft 2010 - Revision 11-D4)Standard for Energy Efficiency for Residential Inground Swimming Pools, and SpasCEC (California Energy Commission)CEC-400-2010-012 (CEC Title 20)CEC 2010 Appliance Efficiency RegulationsIEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)114-2001Standard Test Procedure for Single-Phase Induction Motors3 DefinitionsThe following definitions shall apply in this StandardCentrifugal pump a kinetic machine converting
