1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationPD CLC/TR 50538:2010Guide to EMC Directiveconformity of equipmentdesigned for military purposesPD CLC/TR 50538:2010 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Document is
2、the UK implementation of CLC/TR50538:2010. It supersedes PD R210-008:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GEL/210/12, EMC basic, generic and low frequencyphenomena Standardization.A list of organizations represented on this committee can
3、 beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 68185 1ICS 33.100.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations
4、.This Published Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedPD CLC/TR 50538:2010TECHNICAL REPORT CLC/TR 50538 RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT October 2010 CENELEC European Commi
5、ttee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC memb
6、ers. Ref. No. CLC/TR 50538:2010 E ICS 33.100.01 Supersedes R210-008:2002 English version Guide to EMC Directive conformity of equipment designed for military purposes Guide de conformit la Directive CEM pour les quipements conus usages militaires Leitfaden zur Konformitt von Gerten, die fr militrisc
7、he Zwecke entwickelt wurden, mit der EMV-Richtlinie This Technical Report was approved by CENELEC on 2010-09-17. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungar
8、y, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. PD CLC/TR 50538:2010CLC/TR 50538:2010 2 Foreword This Technical Report was prepared by WG 9, EMC of Military Eq
9、uipment, of Technical Committee CENELEC TC 210, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). It was circulated for voting in accordance with the Internal Regulations, Part 2, Subclause 11.4.3.3 (simple majority) and was approved by CENELEC as CLC/TR 50538 on 2010-09-17. This document supersedes R210-008:200
10、2. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. _ PD CLC/TR 50538:2010 3 CLC/TR 50538:2010 Contents Introduction . 5 Background . 6 1
11、Scope . 7 2 Directives for EMC conformity 7 2.1 EMC Directive . 7 2.2 Radio “According to existing EU law, defence contracts fall under Internal Market rules”. This has been interpreted as meaning that all military equipment is subject to the rules of the EU regarding the procurement of equipment, H
12、owever Member States can exempt defence contracts under Article 296(1)(b) that it considers to fulfil the concept of essential security interests. The conclusion from the Commission lawyers (validated in a court case between the Commission and a Member State), in COM (2006) 799 is very specific and
13、concludes that the exemptions are very few and will have to be assessed on a case-by-case basis by the contracting authority. More recently the Defence Procurement Directive 2009/81/EC of 13 July 2009 2 has been published. This concerns the gradual establishment of a European defence equipment marke
14、t and as a prerequisite an appropriate legislative framework. This Directive has profound implications on Members States procurement of Defence equipment and services. A prcis of the Directive is provided in Annex A. CEN WS 10 EG7 E3 1)has reviewed military Electromagnetic standards for inclusion in
15、 the “European Handbook for Defence Procurement” (CWA 15517 10). The information contained in their report has been used and incorporated where applicable. 1)CEN: European Committee for Standardisation, Workshop 10: Standardization for Defence Procurement, EG7: Expert Group 7: Electromagnetic Enviro
16、nment PD CLC/TR 50538:2010CLC/TR 50538:2010 7 1 Scope This Technical Report is applicable to any non-exempt military equipment. This Technical Report does not affect the requirements to meet military standards. This Technical Report only covers aspects related to EMC as covered by the EMC Directive
17、2004/108/EC and other directives that address EMC. In this respect there is no distinction between civilian and defence equipment. For the purpose of this Technical Report the term “military” is equivalent to the term “defence”. Annex B describes Article 346 and Annex C provides the associated EC Co
18、uncil List of items under Article 346 12. The definitions in EMC Directive 2004/108/EC of “apparatus” and “fixed installations” as applied to military equipment are considered and guidance is given on applicability with the use of flow diagrams. For apparatus, the use of military standards to demons
19、trate compliance with the EMC Directive by using various assessment methods that do not use harmonised standards and a “gap” analysis tool for comparison of military standard results with harmonised standards is presented. This Technical Report also covers fixed installations using military equipmen
20、t, and their impact on neighbouring environments. The conformity assessment procedures of EMC Directive 2004/108/EC have been reviewed and guidance given on the applicability and contents of detailed technical EMC assessment. An-nex J includes some case studies to help clarify the extent and use of
21、this Technical Report. 2 Directives for EMC conformity 2.1 EMC Directive The EMC Directive (2004/108/EC) defines the following protection requirements as essential requirements: a) the electromagnetic disturbance generated does not exceed the level above which radio and telecommunications equipment
22、or other equipment cannot operate as intended; b) it has a level of immunity to the electromagnetic disturbance to be expected in its intended use which allows it to operate without unacceptable degradation of its intended use. The conformity procedures are detailed in 3.2.3 and 3.2.4. The EMC Direc
23、tive makes specific exemptions for radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment covered by Directive 1999/5/EC 3, civilian aircraft or equipment fitted to civilian aircraft referred to in Regulation (EC) No. 1592/2002 14, radio amateur equipment and inherently benign equipment. This sec
24、tion contains a summary of other pertinent EU Directives. 2.2 Radio b) fixed installation means a particular combination of several types of apparatus and, where applicable, other devices, which are assembled, installed and intended to be used permanently at a predefined location; Fixed installation
25、s do not require a DoC or CE marking but must meet the protection requirements. In the special case of apparatus intended for incorporation into a specific fixed installation which is otherwise not commercially available the provision of Article 13(1) of the EMC Directive may be applied. This appara
26、tus does not need to be CE marked but must be supplied with installation instructions that ensure the essential protection requirements. This provision is only for an individual apparatus intended for a specific fixed installation. PD CLC/TR 50538:2010CLC/TR 50538:2010 9 The protection requirements
27、of the directive are the same for both apparatus and fixed installations such that c) the electromagnetic disturbance generated does not exceed the level above which radio and telecommunications equipment or other equipment cannot operate as intended, d) it has a level of immunity to the electromagn
28、etic disturbance to be expected in its intended use which allows it to operate without unacceptable degradation of its intended use. Mobile installations are defined as a combination of apparatus intended to be moved and operated in a range of locations. All provisions of the EMC Directive, as defin
29、ed for apparatus, apply to mobile installations. 3.2 Apparatus 3.2.1 Conformity assessment procedure This subclause describes the conformity assessment procedure for military apparatus falling within the scope of the EMC Directive. The conformity assessment procedure for apparatus is described in Ar
30、ticle 7 of the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC. Comprehensive guidance is provided in the “Guide for the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC” 16. This conformity assessment procedure applied to military apparatus is given in Annex E. The EMC assessment described in Annex II of the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC requires
31、 all normal intended operating conditions and configurations to be taken into account. 3.2.2 Intended operating conditions, interfaces and environment As highlighted above due consideration must be given to the operating conditions, interfaces and environment. The operating conditions relate to the
32、modes of operation. They could include where equipment is provided with a peacetime mode where certain functions may be disabled. All relevant operating conditions (peacetime role) need to be considered where these distinct modes will have an impact on the electromagnetic performance. The operating
33、environment and interfaces need careful consideration since this will define what and how close other equipment is located. Equipment located in a controlled EM environment (for example, below decks ship equipment) is very different to man portable radio equipment. Refer to Clause D.3. 3.2.3 EMC con
34、formity assessment 3.2.3.1 Introduction The EMC Directive requires an EMC assessment of the apparatus to determine if the protection requirements are met. The EMC assessment is described in the conformity assessment procedure for apparatus given in Article 7 and Annexes I, II and III of the EMC Dire
35、ctive 2004/108/EC. According to the “Guide for the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC” 16, three methods are possible for the EMC assessment and their application in the context of military equipment is discussed below: use of harmonised standards; mixed EMC assessment; detailed technical EMC assessment. PD
36、CLC/TR 50538:2010CLC/TR 50538:2010 10 3.2.3.2 Use of harmonised standards Harmonised standards are published in the Official Journal of the EU. Apparatus that complies with relevant harmonised standards has a presumption of conformity with the protection requirements of the EMC Directive. Harmonised
37、 standards fall into three categories, basic, product specific and generic. Basic standards are those that are referred to by Product specific or Generic standards to simplify the writing of the standards. Product specific standards are those written particularly for a product type. Generic standard
38、s are written to provide harmonised standards where there are no product specific standards. If the manufacturer prefers to use harmonised standards and since there are no harmonised standards dedicated for military equipment, then a suitable civil harmonised standard should be identified. A descrip
39、tion of harmonised standards is given in Clause D.2 with guidance on when they may be applicable to military equipment. 3.2.3.3 Mixed EMC assessment A mixed EMC assessment is where parts of a harmonised standard have been applied together with a technical assessment to demonstrate that all the prote
40、ction requirements are met. A more detailed description of the technical EMC assessment is given in 3.2.3.4. The technical assessment may include a wide range of technical analysis methods to identify or mitigate any disparity between the military compliance and EMC Directive protection requirements
41、. Analysis methods are described in 3.2.4. 3.2.3.4 Detailed technical EMC assessment A detailed technical EMC assessment is where no harmonised standard has been applied but a detailed assessment performed instead. Annex IV(1) of the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC, states that this includes steps taken t
42、o meet the requirements, description of the electromagnetic assessment, results of design calculations (it is suggested by this guide that this could include modelling and simulation), examinations carried out, test reports. The “Guide for the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC” 16 adds that the assessment r
43、equired will depend on several factors, such as nature of apparatus, intended use, location of use, EMC environment, types of disturbance created by or affecting the apparatus, environmental conditions, performance criteria for immunity. The technical assessment for military apparatus may include me
44、thods such as those shown in Figure E.1. PD CLC/TR 50538:2010CLC/TR 50538:2010 11 3.2.4 Examples of detailed technical assessment methods 3.2.4.1 Introduction The aim of an assessment is to provide evidence that the equipment will meet the protection requirements of the EMC Directive. The methods in
45、clude using existing EMC test evidence or in some circumstances additional evidence such as modelling, engineering tests or experiments, or specific in-situ (special) tests, or by gap ana-lysis. Other methods of determining compliance may take the form of a review of existing design evid-ence, or of
46、 particular circumstances that provide mitigation and or control of the products electromag-netic characteristics. One form might be to use the similarity of the current product to an earlier version. These methods can be applied individually or in combination and are further described below. 3.2.4.
47、2 Using existing EMC test evidence (e.g. military standards) In many circumstances, test results against a military specification can be examined by experienced personnel who will be able to determine compliance with the protection requirements by inspection. 3.2.4.3 Engineering tests, or experiment
48、s, or in-situ (special) tests There are circumstances where the manufacturer might want to make tests and/or assessments on part of the equipment, or prototypes, or to implement special in-situ tests and practices. The manufacturer has to evaluate this risk when he declares conformity to the protect
49、ion requirements allowing himself such deviations, and he takes full responsibility of the choice. The technical documentation should give detailed information on such deviations described hereafter: a) the nature of the engineering tests or experiments performed, and the rationale for having chosen these tests; b ) t h e s t a n d a r d s , i f a n y , a d o p t e d a s r e f e r e n c e f o r p e r f o r m i n g t h e t e s t s , a n d a l l t h e p r e c a u t i o n s i m p l e m e n t e d during the tests execution, or
