1、BSI Standards PublicationSmart grid projects in EuropePD CLC/TR 50608:2013National forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CLC/TR 50608:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GEL/8, Systems Aspects for Electrical Energy Supply.A list of o
2、rganizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2
3、013ISBN 978 0 580 82733 4ICS 27.010; 29.240.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2013.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate
4、Text affectedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CLC/TR 50608:2013TECHNICAL REPORT CLC/TR 50608 RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT October 2013 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CEN
5、ELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. CLC/TR 50608:2013 E ICS 27.010; 29.240.01 English version Smart grid projects in Europe Projets de rseaux intelligents e
6、n Europe Smart-Grid-Projekte in Europa This Technical Report was approved by CENELEC on 2013-09-16. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Franc
7、e, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. PD CLC/TR 50608:2013CLC/TR 50608:2013 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3 Introducti
8、on . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Project overview 5 2.1 Rationale for developing the Smart Grid 5 2.2 Costs and funding . 6 2.3 Duration 6 2.4 Project status . 7 2.5 Stakeholders 7 2.6 Networks and components 7 2.7 Generation 8 2.8 Customers 8 2.9 Standards . 8 Annex A (informative) Smart grid project description
9、s 9 Bibliography 56 Table A.1 AT 1 3 10 Table A.2 AT 4 6 14 Table A.3 AT 7 9 18 Table A.4 Denmark 1 2 21 Table A.5 Denmark 3 4 23 Table A.6 France 1 2 . 25 Table A.7 France 3 4 . 27 Table A.8 Germany 1 2 . 29 Table A.9 Germany 3 4 . 33 Table A.10 Norway 1 2 37 Table A.11 Spain 1 3 . 40 Table A.12 Un
10、ited Kingdom 1 3 . 44 Table A.13 United Kingdom 4 6 . 50 PD CLC/TR 50608:2013CLC/TR 50608:2013 3 Foreword This document (CLC/TR 50608:2013) has been prepared by CLC/TC 8X “System aspects of electrical energy supply“. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document ma
11、y be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. PD CLC/TR 50608:2013CLC/TR 50608:201
12、3 4 Introduction Worldwide interest in reducing the emission of greenhouse gases associated with the production of electrical energy has promoted a growth in distributed energy resources and renewable generation. A significant proportion of the electrical distribution infrastructure in Europe is rea
13、ching an age where it warrants major replacement or refurbishment. In considering such a major programme for asset replacement, it would seem sensible to look at the design and operation of the distribution infrastructure to make sure that the new networks make best use of available technology to ad
14、dress environmental concerns, for example minimising network losses and encouraging the connection of distributed generation. These considerations have given rise to the term Smart Grids. There are now a number of trial projects being conducted across Europe, and other parts of the developed world,
15、to investigate the potential benefits of Smart Grids. To support the development of Smart Grids it would be advantageous if there were a suite of technical standards that described the various components that make up the Smart Grid and how these components operate in concert to deliver the benefits
16、of improved network operations and reduced environmental emissions. This Technical Report is based on the descriptions of 32 Smart Grid projects in seven countries. By collating the experiences of these early Smart Grid projects, it is intended that Cenelec will be able to identify those areas that
17、would benefit from standardization. PD CLC/TR 50608:2013CLC/TR 50608:2013 5 1 Scope This Technical Report provides an overview of the technical contents and regulatory arrangements of some 32 of the many Smart Grid projects that are currently in operation, or under construction, within Europe 1). Th
18、is Technical Report is intended to provide useful information to those organisations and individuals that are currently engaged or about to become engaged in developing Smart Grids. It is also intended that this Technical Report will be used to support the development of relevant standards by presen
19、ting the key learning points from early Smart Grid projects it is widely accepted that the publication of relevant standards will accelerate the development of Smart Grids. It is recognised that this Technical Report only covers a sample of the Smart Grid projects within Europe; it would be impracti
20、cal to attempt to include every project. It is assessed that the 32 projects shown in this Technical Report are sufficiently representative to provide information and draw early conclusions. Clause 2 of this Technical Report provides a brief overview of all 32 projects, Annex A contains details of t
21、he 32 projects as supplied by the countries that participated in the drafting of this Technical Report. NOTE 1 In order to avoid losing potentially useful information, the details presented in Annex A are very close to the raw data provided by the different countries, with only minor editorial amend
22、ments made in the drafting of this Technical Report. One of the key objectives of this Technical Report is to identify the learning objectives for each of the Smart Grid projects, i.e. why is the project is being carried out and how the success of the project in meeting these objectives will be dete
23、rmined. NOTE 2 It is intended that the learning contained in this Technical Report, in particular the learning around what type of standards are required to support the development of Smart Grids, will provide useful input to the joint CEN/Cenelec/ETSI Smart Grid Co-ordination Group (SGCG). The SGCG
24、 has been established to support the requirements set out in the European Commission Smart Grid Mandate M/490, March 2011. NOTE 3 In drafting this Technical Report the working group were made aware of a report with a similar scope to this Technical Report that was being produced by the European Comm
25、issions Joint Research Centre (JRC) 2). The JRC report is now published and publically available. It is assessed that this Technical Report and the JRC report are complementary documents; the JRC report provides a high-level view on 220 projects that are being conducted across Europe whereas this Te
26、chnical Report provides more detailed information on 32 projects. This Technical Report presents the situation for the 32 projects as they are at the time of writing; as time moves on, it might be necessary to update this Technical Report or to produce a second edition containing information on more
27、 recent projects and learning from existing projects, such as those documented in this Technical Report. 2 Project overview 2.1 Rationale for developing the Smart Grid All of the projects described in this Technical Report are taking place on electricity distribution networks; these networks are own
28、ed and operated by distribution system operators (DSOs), sometimes referred to as distribution network operators (DNOs). 1) All Cenelec member countries were invited to submit example projects for inclusion in this Technical Report, the 32 projects presented in this Technical Report represent the su
29、m total of all projects that were submitted for consideration. 2) JRC Report, June 2011: A view on Smart Grid projects in Europe: lessons learned and current developments. PD CLC/TR 50608:2013CLC/TR 50608:2013 6 From the 32 Smart Grid projects described in this Technical Report, it is possible to de
30、termine a number of areas of common interest; however, there are also some significant differences. One common theme behind all projects is the need to try new technology in order to evaluate the potential benefits. Most of the projects are focussed on solving potential network problems rather than
31、solving actual problems that exist on these networks now. The capacity of the low-voltage network to accommodate increasing levels of micro-generation, electric vehicles, heat pumps and other technologies is one of the most common potential problems that the Smart Grid trial is looking to address. A
32、 significant number of the trials are looking at the potential for networks operators to utilise controllable demand and network monitoring in order to accommodate more renewable generation connected to the MV network, this inevitably means a major requirement for customer interaction. 2.2 Costs and
33、 funding The total cost of the 32 projects is approximately 516 M with a range from under 1 M to just over 60 M, most projects sit in the range 2 M to 20 M. Only five of the 32 Smart Grid projects are funded entirely by the network operator i.e. there is no regulatory allowance for this expenditure,
34、 although some have received a contribution from other businesses with an interest in developing a Smart Grid. The remaining 27 projects receive a contribution to the overall project funding that comes from either central government or from regulated income, which comes from the electricity customer
35、s. The use of external funding is seen as incentivising network operators to conduct trials of new technology that might not be the most cost effective solution to a network constraint. 2.3 Duration The typical duration of the Smart Grid projects described in this Technical Report is 3 years to 4 ye
36、ars. There is one project, NO-2 (see Table A.10), that has a duration of ten years, the reason for this is that Norway intend to use this project as a “national laboratory” to trial different use cases 3)over the ten-year period. It is assessed that year one of the Smart Grid trial will be associate
37、d with planning, constructing and commissioning. Customer engagement will take place throughout the project, most significantly at the planning stage where customer support is essential. Once the Smart Grid is operational, performance will be monitored and trial objectives evaluated. It is assessed
38、that the minimum monitoring period to give robust results is one year; a monitoring period of two years would increase the confidence in the results. Therefore, a trial period of 3 years to 4 years would appear to be the optimum time over which to implement and robustly evaluate a Smart Grid trial.
39、The majority of the projects described in this Technical Report, 27 out of 32, are designed to be permanent installations, with the intention of taking the Smart Grid from the status of proto-type to business as usual. Of the five non-permanent installations, for all but one it is intended to leave
40、some of the Smart Grid infrastructure in-situ permanently. The clear intention is for the Smart Grid trials to set the design specifications for future networks. Info will come out during the course of the project that can be fed into other projects and/or fed back into the project where the learnin
41、g was developed, all aimed at improving the benefits that can be derived from the Smart Grid. 3) The term “Use Case” refers to the use of a particular type of technology or system within a smart grid. The term “Use Case“ has arisen during period when this Technical Report was being drafted. There is
42、 work going on within Cenelec and IEC to collect and catalogue generic Use Cases. PD CLC/TR 50608:2013CLC/TR 50608:2013 7 2.4 Project status Nine of the projects described in this Technical Report have progressed to the development stage; 22 projects are still at the planning stage and one project i
43、s un-defined. The design and operation of electricity distribution networks has remained largely unchanged for decades and the vision of a Smart Grid requires significant investment in equipment and skills to make it a reality. Therefore, it should come as no surprise that it has proved a slow proce
44、ss to move from planning to development. 2.5 Stakeholders In addition to the DNOs / DSOs who own and operate the distribution networks 4)there are a host of other parties (stakeholders) who have an interest in Smart Grids, including Regulators, Customers, Government bodies, Academia, Equipment suppl
45、iers and Consultants; all parties are having to adapt to a changing approach to designing and operating electricity networks. A common theme from all of the projects described in this Technical Report is the pivotal role that customers will need to play if the Smart Grid trial is to become a success
46、. A number of the projects are investigating the potential to influence and/or rely on customer behaviour in order to optimise network capacity in terms of the ability to accommodate new generation and/or demand. 2.6 Networks and components The questionnaire sought to gain information on the types o
47、f networks that have been chosen for the Smart Grid trials and information on the type of new technologies that are being trialled. The intention of the questionnaire was to gain an understanding of the rationale behind the selection of a particular network and the particular suite of Smart Grid com
48、ponents; and to identify if there are common areas that would benefit from a standardized approach to design / connection / operation. The majority of the projects described in this Technical Report are focussed on the low voltage network, with a heavy emphasis on customer engagement via the use of
49、smart meters. There is a mixture of area types from urban all underground cable networks to mixed overhead line and underground cable networks in suburban and rural areas. Network operators appear to be keen to investigate the potential viability of Smart Grids across the full range of area and network types, although the majority of the projects are based in urban and suburban areas in order to take advantage of the higher customer population and therefore the greater learning opportunity for
