1、DEUTSCHE NORM November 1973 UDC 621.87W.875 : 001.4 . Cranes Vocabulary, classification according to type DIN 15 001 Pari 1 Contents Page Trolleys . 1 Jib cranes and slewing cranes . 2 Bridgecranes 4 fortalcranes 6 Travelling cranes . 8 Tower slewing cranes 8 Cranes on vehicles 10 Floating cranes 10
2、 Cable cranes 10 FlLF (also termed crabs) 1.1 vionorail trolley Definition Carriages capable of travelling on rails or on the lower flange of girders (trolley track), and pro- vided with a built-in or attachable hoisting gear. The trolley track may be arranged on, in or under the girders of bridge c
3、ranes or portal cranes, or it may be built as a curved or straight overhead trolley track. In the case of crane trolleys trav- elling on overhead trolley tracks (trolleys running on rails) facilities are often providedfor switching over to bridge cranes or portal cranes, such as switches, turntables
4、 etc. Depending on the type of operation, the trolleys are classified and designated as follows: trolley with crane operators cabin (a) trolley without crane operators cabin (b) (but with floor control or remote control) Trolleys on which the travelling drive and the hoisting gear are separate from
5、the trolley itself, and which operate via rope drives (pulling rope and hoisting rope) are called ”rope-drawn trolley” (d. Trolley travelling on a single rail or on the lower flange of a girder I Ilustration aap I Lifting appliances, load carrying devices, terms (standard in course of preparation) E
6、xcavators, static excavators, for concepts see VDMA 24080 Cranes, vocabulary, classification according to application (standard in course of preparation) Continued on pages 2 to 12 DIN 15001 Part 1 Engl. Price group 8 Sales No. 0108 Sole sale righis of German Standards (DIN-Normen) are with Beuth Ve
7、rlag GmbH. Berlin 30 07.03 I Page 2 DIN 15001 Part 1 - No. 1.2 - Definition Term I Ilustration Trolley travelling on two rails or on the lower flanges of two girders (a) In the case of two-rail trolleys on which the sus- pension device is guided, the designation is complemented by the addition of th
8、e words ?. . .with load guidance? (b) Two-rail trolley with non-slewing hoisting gear Two-rail trollq 1.2.1 (Simple) trolley 1.2.2 Turntable trolley Two-rail trolley with slewing hoisting gear Overhang trolley -_.- - fi Two-rail trolley with fixed jib of limited overhang arranged at right angles to
9、the direction of travel 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.2.5 1.2.6 Jib trolley Two-rail trolley with non-slewing jib. If the jib is arranged beneath the trolley track (as illustrated), it will as a general rule be built in the form of a fixed jib. If the jib is arranged above the trolley track, all the kinds of jib in
10、 accordance with No. 2 can be fitted Two-rail trolley with slewing jib. If the jib is arranged beneath the trolley track (as illustrated), it will as a general rule be built in the form of a f xed jib. If the jib is arranged above the trolley track, all the kinds of jib in accordance with No. 2 can
11、be fitted IZT i Rotating trolley A trolley surrounding a torsionally rigid girder angularly, the load being taken up outside the support surface Angle trolley Spreader beam trolley Two-rail trolley with to hoisting gears running synchronously 1.2.7 1.2.8 2 Srab trolley Trolley with hoisting gear for
12、 the operation of multirope grabs 6Pa I lib cranes and ilewing cranes Cranes with a jib for taking up the load which usually juts out beyond the base of the crane The jibs are classified according to type; the cranes can therefore be designated additionally as follows: with fixed jib (non-adjustable
13、 overhang) (a) with adjustable jib (overhang can only be altered when no load is suspended, and only in successive stages, length of jib invariable) (b) DIN 15001 Part 1 Page3 Term Jib cranes and slewing cranes (continued) Jib cranes Stationary jib crane Mobile jib crane Slewing cranes Stationary sl
14、ewing cranes Fixed deck slewing crane Slewing pillar crane Wall-mounted slewing crane Definition with retractable jib (overhang can also be altered under load, path of load not horizontal or not almost horizontal, length of jib invariable) IC) with luffing jib (overhang can be altered under load, pa
15、th of load practically horizontal, length of jib invariable) (d) with jib incorporating intermediate extension pieces (jib capable of being extended by the insertion of intermediate pieces whilst the crane is out of action) (e) with telescopic jib (jib, the length of which can be altered either whil
16、e the crane is operating or while it is out of action, by virtue of the telescopic action of portions of the jib) (f) with trolley jib (jib with a trolley) (9) with jib with jib head member (jib, the front end portion (jib head member) of which can be moved, .e. adjusted, in relation to the main jib
17、) (h) Cranes with non-slewing jib Jib crane firmly attached to a foundation. In most cases used only as a floating crane. A scissors type crane is illustrated on the right Mobile rail-mounted jib crane When it travels on the girder of a bridge crane or of a portal crane, it is called a jib trolley C
18、ranes with fully-slewing or part-slewing jib Cranes with a part-slewing jib are also called “revolving cranes” Slewing cranes firmly attached to a foundation See Nos. 2.2.1.1 to 2.2.1.3 for special types of stationary slewing cranes Slewing crane firmly attached to the deck of a ship Stationary slew
19、ing crane consisting of a vertical pillar and a jib Stationary revolving crane mounted on a wall, on a pillar, in a window etc. standard types: with fixed jib (a) with trolley jib (b) Illustration I Page4 DIN 15001 Part 1 - No. 2.2.2 - 2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.4 - 3 Term Slewing crane travelling Dn rails D
20、errick cranes Fixed derrick crane Mobile derrick crane Monorail slewing crane Bridge cranes Definition Slewing crane travelling on rails, with a special crane track which may be laid either at ground level or overhead, and the gauge of which is usually wider than standard gauge If it travels on the
21、girder of a bridge crane or of a portal crane, it is called a rotating trolley Revolving cranes consisting of a king post (derrick mast) and of a swinging derrick jib (adjustable jib) Depending on the method of guying the king post, a distinction is made between: guy derrick cranes scotch derrick cr
22、anes guy and stay derrick cranes (with combined bracing by guys and stays) Derrick crane which cannot be moved from place to place in the operating position, but which can be dismantled for transport and erection at a new working site Types: with slewable king post (a); the jib may also be arranged
23、at the top with non-slewing king post (b) Derrick crane mounted on an undercarriage Slewing crane running on a single rail on the floor and supported against a rail or an auxiliary girder on the ceiling, which may be offset laterally in relation to the floor rail Cranes of bridge type construction w
24、hich travel on overhead crane tracks The term may include the following additional features: operation from a fixed crane operators cabin (a) from a mobile crane operators cabin (b) by floor control (c) by remote control (c) I Ilustration I U DIN 15001 Part 1 Page 5 No. 3 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4
25、 3.1.5 3.1.6 3.1.7 3.1.8 3.2 Term Bridge cranes (continued) Bridge cranes with trolley track Bridge crane with trolley (travelling crane) Bridge crane with turntable trolley Bridge crane with overhang trolley Bridge crane with jib trolley Bridge crane with rotating trolley Bridge crane Nith angle tr
26、olley Bridge crane Nith spreader mam trolley :spreader mam crane) 3ridge crane uith grab rolley iuspended werhead ravelling crane ceiling crane) Definition bridge construction: lattice girder solid web girder box girder sectional steel girder (the bridge consists essentially of the rolled or fabrica
27、ted steel section(s) which form the trolley track) cantilever: without cantilever (c) with one or two fixed cantilevers (d) with travelling cantilever (e) Bridge crane with trolley track and with a trolley in accordance with No. 1 The illustration depicts a bridge crane with trolley (No. 1.2.1) Brid
28、ge crane with trolley track and with a turntable trolley (see No. 1.2.2) Bridge crane with trolley track and with an overhang trolley (see No. 1.2.3) Bridge crane with trolley track and with a jib trolley (see No. 1.2.4) Bridge crane with trolley track and with a rotating trolley (see No. 1.2.5) Bri
29、dge crane with trolley track and with an angle trolley (see No. 1.2.6) Bridge crane with trolley track and with a spreader beam trolley (see No. 1.2.7) Bridge crane with trolley track and with a grab trolley (see No. 1.2.8) Bridge crane with crane tracks which are sus- pended in pendulum or in fixed
30、 fashion, usually from ceilings or from roof structures Illustration I Page 6 DIN 15001 Part 1 No. 4 4.1 4.1 .I 4.1 2 4.2 49.1 Term Bortal cranes Semi-portal cranes with trolley track Semi-portal crane with trolley Semi-portal crane with rotating trolley Semi-portal cranes without trolley track Semi
31、-portal jib crane Definition Cranes with a portal shaped supporting frame The term may include the following additional features: operation from a fixed crane operators cabin (a) from a mobile crane operators cabin (b) without crane operators cabin (c) (with floor control or window control) bridge c
32、onstruction and support construction: lattice girder solid web girder box girder sectional steel girder (the bridge consists essentially of the rolled or fabricated steel section(s1 which form the trolley track) cantilever: without cantilever (c) with one or two fixed cantilevers (d) with one or two
33、 folding-up cantilevers (e) with sliding girder (f) with sliding cantilever (g) Portal cranes, either stationary or travelling on one rail and one overhead crane track, with only one column, with trolley track Semi-portal crane with trolley track and with a trolley in accordance with No. 1; the type
34、 of trolley can be stated in the designation The illustration depicts a semi-portal crane with trolley (see No. 1.2.1 Semi-portal crane with trolley track and with a travelling rotating trolley (see No. 1.2.5) Portal cranes, either stationary or travelling on one rail and one overhead crane track, w
35、ith only one column, with a fixed mounting jib crane or slewing crane Semi-portal crane without trolley track, with a fixed mounting jib crane. The type of jib in accordance with No, 2 can be stated additionally The illustration depicts a semi-portal crane with a luffing jib I Ilustration a DIN 1500
36、1 Part 1 Page 7 No. 4.2.2 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.5 Term Semi-portal slewing crane Full portal cranes 1) with trolley tracks Full portal crane with trolley (trestle crane) Full portal crane with rotating trolley Full portal cranes without trolley tracks Full portal jib crane Full portal sl
37、ewing crane Inclined track unloaders Definition Semi-portal crane with a slewing crane The type of jib in accordance with No. 2 can be stated additionally The illustration depicts a semi-portal slewing crane with a fixed jib Fixed rail-mounted or fully mobile portal cranes with two columns, with tro
38、lley track Full portal crane with a trolley track and a trolley in accordance with No. 1; the type of trolley can be stated in the designation The illustration depicts a full portal crane with trolley (see No. 1.2.1 1 Full portal crane with a trolley track and a rotating trolley (see No. 1.2.5) The
39、type of jib in accordance with No. 2 can be stated in the designation The illustration depicts a full portal crane with a rotating trolley with fixed.jib Fixed or rail-mounted portal cranes with two columns, with fixed mounting jib crane or slewing crane Full portal crane with fixed mounting jib cra
40、ne. The type of jib in accordance with No. 2 can be stated additionally The illustration depicts a full portal jib crane with fixed jib Full portal crane with fixed mounting slewing crane. The type of jib in accordance with No. 2 can be stated additionally The illustration depicts a full portal slew
41、ing crane with fixed jib Portal cranes with inclined track for the trolley, for unloading ships Illustration 1) Large-size full portal cranes used for the loading and unloading of bulk goods between ship, railway, lorry and stock yard or quay side are also called “transporter cranes“. I Page 8 DIN 1
42、5001 Part 1 No. 4.5.1 - 4.5.2 5 5.1 5.2 6 Term Semiportal inclined track unloader Full portal indined track unloader Travelling crane Jib travelling crane Slewing travelling crane rower slewing cranes Def in tion Inclined track unloader with only one column, stationary or travelling on one rail and
43、one overhead crane track Inclined track unloader with two columns, stationary or travelling on two rails Cranes which can travel along a wall on two crane tracks arranged vertically or almost vertically above one another Travelling crane with a nonslewing trolley jib Travelling crane with a slewing
44、jib, normally of the fixed jib type Towerlike slewing cranes with a jib articulated high up The jibs are classified according to type; the tower slewingcranes can therefore be termed additionally as follows: with retractable jib (overhang can be altered under load, path of load not horizontal or not
45、 almost horizontal, length of jib invariable) (a) with jib incorporating intermediate extension pieces (jib capable of being extended by the insertion of intermediate pieces whilst the crane is out of action) (b) with luffing jib (overhang can be altered under load, path of load practically horizont
46、al, length of jib invariable) (c) with trolley jib (jib with a trolley) (d) The height of the tower can usually be altered by inserting intermediate pieces, or it can be adjusted telescopically in other cases. In special cases, an upper tower is placed in position for this purpose. The slewing gear
47、can be arranged either under- neath the tower (fully slewing tower) or above the tower (non-slewing tower). I Ilustration p $1 I I C DIN 15001 Part 1 Page9 - No. 6 - 6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.3 6.1.4 6.1.5 6.2 - Term Tower slewing cranes (co ntinued) Travelling tower slewing cranes ( Rail-mounted) tower s
48、lewing crane Tower slewing crane mounted on pneumatically tyred under- carriage Mobile tower slewing crane Truck tower slewing crane Crawler tower slewing crane Climbing cranes Definition Because of frequent moves to new installation sites, the crane is designed for easy dismantling and convenient r
49、oad transport Tower slewing cranes capable of travelling on the installation and work site, particularly within the framework of a working cycle Travelling tower slewing crane with power driven Undercarriage on rails Travelling tower slewing crane mounted on an Undercarriage fitted with pneumatic tyres, but not self-propelled. Nearly always supported during operation of the crane Travelling tower slewing crane with a self-propelled Undercarriage fitted with pneumatic tyres; the travelling movements and the crane motions are controlled from the sa
